ʻO ke karboksimetil kelulose
ʻIoniʻEtera celluloseHana ʻia mai nā olonā kūlohelohe (pulupulu, a pēlā aku) ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka alkali, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium monochloroacetate ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, a ke hana nei i kahi moʻo o nā mālama ʻana i ka hopena. ʻO ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana he 0.4 ~ 1.4, a ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kāna hana e ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana.
(1) ʻOi aku ka hygroscopic o ka Carboxymethyl cellulose, a e loaʻa iā ia ka wai hou aku ke mālama ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.
(2) ʻAʻole hana ka wai hoʻoheheʻe wai Carboxymethyl cellulose i ka gel, a emi iho ka mānoanoa me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Ke ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o 50°C, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mānoanoa.
(3) Hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kona kūpaʻa e ka PH. Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka mortar gypsum, akā ʻaʻole i loko o ka mortar sima. Ke alkaline loa, e nalowale ana ka mānoanoa.
(4) ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona paʻa ʻana i ka wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena hoʻopaneʻe i ka mortar gypsum-based a hoʻemi i kona ikaika. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o ka carboxymethyl cellulose ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.
ʻAlkyl etera cellulose:
ʻO nā mea i koho ʻia he methyl cellulose a me ethyl cellulose. I ka hana ʻoihana, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka methyl chloride a i ʻole ethyl chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, a penei ka hopena:
Ma ke ʻano hana, hōʻike ʻo R iā CH3 a i ʻole C2H5. ʻAʻole wale ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka alkali i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification, akā hoʻopilikia pū kekahi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā alkyl halides. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka alkali, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hydrolysis o ka alkyl halide. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka etherifying agent, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka alkali. Eia naʻe, i ka wā e kiʻekiʻe loa ai ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka alkali, ua emi ka hopena pehu o ka cellulose, ʻaʻole ia e kūpono i ka hopena etherification, a no laila ua emi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification. No kēia kumu, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka lye i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i ʻole ka lye paʻa i ka wā o ka hopena. Pono ka reactor i kahi mea hoʻoulu a haehae maikaʻi i hiki ke hoʻolaha like ʻia ka alkali.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Methyl cellulose ma ke ʻano he thickener, adhesive a me ka pale colloid etc. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he dispersant no ka emulsion polymerization, kahi mea hoʻopili no nā hua, kahi slurry textile, kahi mea hoʻohui no ka meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻonani, kahi mea hoʻopili lapaʻau, kahi mea uhi lāʻau lapaʻau, a no ka pena latex, ka ʻīnika paʻi, ka hana seramika, a hui pū ʻia i loko o ka sima Hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i ka manawa hoʻonohonoho a hoʻonui i ka ikaika mua, etc.
Loaʻa i nā huahana Ethyl cellulose ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻalahi, ke kūpaʻa wela a me ke kūpaʻa anu. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ethyl cellulose i hoʻololi haʻahaʻa ʻia i ka wai a me nā hopena alkaline dilute, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana i hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. Loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi me nā resins a me nā plasticizers like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā plastics, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā varnishes, nā mea hoʻopili, ka latex a me nā mea uhi no nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a pēlā aku.
ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana o nā hui hydroxyalkyl i loko o nā cellulose alkyl ethers hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kona solubility, hoʻemi i kona ʻike i ka paʻakai ʻana, hoʻonui i ka mahana gelation a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai hoʻoheheʻe wela, a pēlā aku. ʻOkoʻa ke kekelē o ka loli i nā waiwai i luna me ke ʻano o nā substituents a me ka lakio o nā hui alkyl i hydroxyalkyl.
ʻO ka cellulose hydroxyalkyl ether:
ʻO nā mea i koho ʻia he hydroxyethyl cellulose a me hydroxypropyl cellulose. ʻO nā mea etherifying he epoxides e like me ka ethylene oxide a me ka propylene oxide. E hoʻohana i ka waikawa a i ʻole ke kumu ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu. ʻO ka hana ʻoihana ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka cellulose alkali me ka mea etherification: ʻo ka hydroxyethyl cellulose me ka waiwai pani kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu a me ka wai wela. ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl cellulose me ka waiwai pani kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu akā ʻaʻole i ka wai wela. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomānoanoa no nā uhi latex, ka paʻi lole a me nā mea hoʻoluʻu, nā mea hoʻopili pepa, nā mea hoʻopili a me nā colloids pale. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl cellulose ua like ia me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl cellulose me ka waiwai pani haʻahaʻa ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke loaʻa nā waiwai nakinaki a me ka hoʻoheheʻe.
ʻO Carboxymethylcellulose, i hoʻopōkole ʻia e like meCMC, ma ke ʻano maʻamau aia ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai sodium. ʻO ka mea etherifying he monochloroacetic acid, a penei ka hopena:
ʻO Carboxymethyl cellulose ka cellulose ether wai-hoʻoheheʻe nui ʻia. I ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ia e like me ka lepo wili, akā i kēia manawa ua hoʻonui ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui o ka detergent, slurry lole, pena latex, uhi ʻana o ka pepa pepa a me ka pepa, a pēlā aku. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka carboxymethyl cellulose maʻemaʻe i ka meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hoʻonani, a me ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili no nā keramika a me nā ʻōmole.
He ʻano ionic ka Polyanionic cellulose (PAC)ʻEtera cellulosea he huahana pani kiʻekiʻe no ka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). He pauka keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo ʻole a melemele iki paha, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia, ʻono ʻole, maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, e hana ana i kahi hopena moakaka me kahi viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa wela a me ke kūpaʻa paʻakai, a me nā waiwai antibacterial ikaika. ʻAʻohe mildew a me ka deterioration. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pani ʻana, a me ka hoʻolaha like ʻana o nā substituents. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa, mea hoʻomānoanoa, mea hoʻololi rheology, mea hoʻemi i ka pohō wai, mea hoʻopaʻa hoʻomaha, a pēlā aku. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) ma nā ʻoihana āpau kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻopili ʻia ʻo CMC, hiki ke hoʻemi nui i ka dosage, hoʻomaʻalahi i ka hoʻohana, hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi a hoʻokō i nā koi hana kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka Cyanoethyl cellulose ka huahana hopena o ka cellulose a me ka acrylonitrile ma lalo o ka catalysis o ka alkali:
He kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano dielectric constant a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka coefficient pohō o ka cyanoethyl cellulose a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he matrix resin no nā kukui phosphor a me nā kukui electroluminescent. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka cyanoethyl cellulose i hoʻololi haʻahaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano he pepa insulating no nā mea hoʻololi.
Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā ethers waiʻona momona kiʻekiʻe, nā alkenyl ethers, a me nā ethers waiʻona ʻala o ka cellulose, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana maoli.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau o ka cellulose ether i ke ʻano wai waena, ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe, ke ʻano kāwili, ke ʻano slurry, ke ʻano kinoea-paʻa, ke ʻano pae wai a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā ʻano i luna.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-28-2024