Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Ioniccellulose etherA na-eme ya site na eriri eke (owu, wdg) mgbe ọgwụgwọ alkali gasịrị, na-eji sodium monochloroacetate dị ka onye na-ahụ maka etherification, ma na-enweta usoro ọgwụgwọ mmeghachi omume. Ogo nke nnọchi n'ozuzu bụ 0.4 ~ 1.4, na ogo nke nnọchi na-emetụta arụmọrụ ya nke ukwuu.
(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose bụ ihe hygroscopic karịa, ọ ga-enwekwa mmiri karịa mgbe echekwara ya n'okpuru ọnọdụ izugbe.
(2) Carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous ngwọta adịghị emepụta gel, na viscosity na-ebelata na mmụba nke okpomọkụ. Mgbe okpomọkụ gafere 50 Celsius, viscosity agaghị agbanwe agbanwe.
(3) Nkwụsi ike ya na-emetụta PH nke ukwuu. N'ozuzu, enwere ike iji ya na ngwa ngwa gypsum, ma ọ bụghị n'igwe simenti. Mgbe nnukwu alkaline, ọ ga-efunahụ viscosity.
(4) Njide mmiri ya dị ala karịa nke methyl cellulose. Ọ na-enwe mmetụta azụ azụ na ngwa agha nke gypsum ma na-ebelata ike ya. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ahịa carboxymethyl cellulose dị nnọọ ala karịa nke methyl cellulose.
Cellulose alkyl ether:
Ndị nnọchi anya bụ methyl cellulose na ethyl cellulose. N'ime mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ, a na-ejikarị methyl chloride ma ọ bụ ethyl chloride eme ihe dị ka onye na-ahụ maka etherification, mmeghachi omume ya bụ:
Na usoro, R na-anọchi anya CH3 ma ọ bụ C2H5. Ịta alkali ọ bụghị naanị na-emetụta ogo etherification, kamakwa ọ na-emetụta oriri nke alkyl halides. N'ịbelata mkpokọta alkali, otú ahụ ka hydrolysis nke alkyl halide na-esiwanye ike. Iji belata oriri nke onye na-ahụ maka etherifying, a ghaghị ịbawanye ụba nke alkali. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ntinye alkali dị oke elu, a na-ebelata mmetụta ọzịza nke cellulose, nke na-adịghị akwado mmeghachi omume etherification, ya mere a na-ebelata ogo nke etherification. Maka ebumnuche a, enwere ike ịgbakwunye lye ma ọ bụ lye siri ike n'oge mmeghachi omume. The reactor kwesịrị inwe ezigbo mkpali na dọka ngwaọrụ nke mere na alkali nwere ike evenly kesaa.
Methyl cellulose na ọtụtụ-eji dị ka thickener, nrapado na-echebe colloid wdg Ọ nwekwara ike-eji dị ka a dispersant maka emulsion polymerization, a bonding dispersant maka osisi, a textile slurry, ihe mgbakwunye maka nri na ịchọ mma, a ọgwụ nrapado, a ọgwụ mkpuchi ihe, na maka latex agba, ibipụta ink na-achịkwa oge mmepụta, seramiiki na-amụba n'ime ike oge mmepụta, seramiiki na-eji oge mbụ. wdg.
Ngwaahịa ethyl cellulose nwere ike nrụpụta dị elu, mgbanwe, nguzogide okpomọkụ na nguzogide oyi. Ethyl cellulose dị ala dochie anya na-agbaze na mmiri ma na-atụgharị ihe ngwọta alkaline, na ngwaahịa ndị dị elu dochie anya bụ soluble na ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze organic. Ọ nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta dị iche iche resins na plasticizers. Enwere ike iji ya mee plastik, ihe nkiri, varnishes, adhesives, latex na mkpuchi ihe maka ọgwụ, wdg.
Okwu mmeghe nke hydroxyalkyl dị iche iche n'ime cellulose alkyl ethers nwere ike melite solubility, belata ya uche ka salting pụta, dịkwuo gelation okpomọkụ ma melite ọkụ gbazee Njirimara, wdg The ogo mgbanwe na n'elu Njirimara dịgasị na ọdịdị nke substituents na ruru nke alkyl ka hydroxyalkyl iche iche.
Cellulose hydroxyalkyl ether:
Ndị nnọchi anya bụ hydroxyethyl cellulose na hydroxypropyl cellulose. Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe bụ epoxides dị ka ethylene oxide na propylene oxide. Jiri acid ma ọ bụ isi dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali. Mmepụta mmepụta ihe bụ imeghachite alkali cellulose na onye na-ahụ maka etherification: hydroxyethyl cellulose nwere uru nnọchi dị elu bụ soluble na mmiri oyi na mmiri ọkụ. Hydroxypropyl cellulose nwere uru nnọchi dị elu na-agbaze na mmiri oyi mana ọ bụghị na mmiri ọkụ. Enwere ike iji hydroxyethyl cellulose mee ihe dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ maka mkpuchi latex, mbipụta textile na pastes e ji esiji ákwà, ihe mpempe akwụkwọ, nrapado na colloid nchebe. Ojiji hydroxypropyl cellulose yiri nke hydroxyethyl cellulose. Enwere ike iji hydroxypropyl cellulose nwere uru ngbanwe dị ala dị ka ihe mgbakwunye ọgwụ, nke nwere ike ịnwe ma njide na nke na-emebi emebi.
Carboxymethylcellulose, nke akpọchiri dị kaCMC, n'ozuzu dị n'ụdị sodium nnu. Onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe bụ monochloroacetic acid, mmeghachi omume ya bụ:
Carboxymethyl cellulose bụ cellulose ether nke na-agbaze mmiri na-ejikarị eme ihe. N'oge gara aga, ọ na-bụ-eji dị ka mkpọpu ala apịtị, ma ugbu a, ọ na-akp na-eji dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nke ncha, uwe slurry, latex agba, mkpuchi nke kaadiboodu na akwụkwọ, wdg Dị ọcha carboxymethyl cellulose nwere ike ji mee ihe na nri, ọgwụ, ntecha, nakwa dị ka ihe nrapado maka seramiki na ebu.
Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) bụ ioniccellulose etherna ọ bụ ngwaahịa nnọchi anya dị elu maka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Ọ bụ ihe na-acha ọcha, na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ ubé odo ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ granule, na-adịghị egbu egbu, enweghị ụtọ, mfe soluble na mmiri, akpụ a transperent ngwọta na ụfọdụ viscosity, nwere mma okpomọkụ iguzogide nkwụsi ike na nnu-eguzogide, na ike antibacterial Njirimara. Enweghị mildew na njọ. Ọ nwere njirimara nke ịdị ọcha dị elu, ogo dị elu nke nnọchi, na nkesa otu nke ihe nnọchi anya. Ọ nwere ike na-eji dị ka ihe nkedo, thickener, rheology modifier, mmiri mmiri ọnwụ reducer, nkwusioru stabilizer, wdg Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) na-ọtụtụ-eji na niile ọrụ ebe CMC nwere ike tinye n'ọrụ, nke nwere ike dị ukwuu ibelata onunu ogwu, ikwado ojiji, nye mma kwụsie ike na izute elu usoro chọrọ.
Cyanoethyl cellulose bụ mmeghachi omume nke cellulose na acrylonitrile n'okpuru catalysis nke alkali:
Cyanoethyl cellulose nwere nnukwu dielectric na-adịgide adịgide yana ọnụọgụ ọnwụ dị ala ma enwere ike iji ya dị ka resin matrix maka phosphor na oriọna electroluminescent. Enwere ike iji cyanoethyl cellulose dị ala dochie anya akwụkwọ mkpuchi maka ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe.
A kwadebere ethers mmanya na-aba ụba nke ukwuu, alkenyl ethers, na ethers mmanya na-esi ísì ụtọ nke cellulose, mana ejibeghị ya eme ihe.
Enwere ike kewaa usoro nkwadebe nke cellulose ether n'ime usoro mmiri mmiri, usoro mgbaze, usoro igwakorita, usoro slurry, usoro gas siri ike, usoro mmiri mmiri na ngwakọta nke ụzọ ndị dị n'elu.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-28-2024