I-Methylcellulose (MC) kanye ne-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) yizinhlobo ezimbili ezivamile ze-cellulose derivatives, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, kwezokwelapha, kwezokwakha, embonini yamakhemikhali nakweminye imikhakha. Nakuba zonke ziguqulwe ngamakhemikhali kusukela ku-cellulose yemvelo, kunomehluko omkhulu esakhiweni samakhemikhali, izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo.
1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali kanye nenqubo yokulungiselela
I-Methylcellulose ikhiqizwa ngokuphendula i-cellulose ne-methyl chloride (noma i-methanol) ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline. Phakathi nale nqubo, ingxenye yamaqembu e-hydroxyl (-OH) kuma-molecule e-cellulose ithathelwa indawo amaqembu e-methoxy (-OCH₃) ukuze kwakheke i-methylcellulose. Izinga lokushintshaniswa (i-DS, inani lezinto ezithatha indawo ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose) ye-methylcellulose linquma izakhiwo zayo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, njengokuncibilika kanye ne-viscosity.
I-Carboxymethylcellulose ikhiqizwa ngokuphendula i-cellulose ne-chloroacetic acid ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline, kanti iqembu le-hydroxyl lithathelwa indawo yi-carboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH). Izinga lokushintshaniswa kanye nezinga le-polymerization (DP) ye-CMC lithinta ukuncibilika kwayo kanye ne-viscosity emanzini. I-CMC ivame ukuba khona ngesimo sikasawoti we-sodium, esibizwa ngokuthi i-sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
2. Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali
Ukuncibilika: I-Methylcellulose iyancibilika emanzini abandayo, kodwa ilahlekelwa ukuncibilika bese yakha ijeli emanzini ashisayo. Lokhu kuguqulwa kokushisa kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwayo kube yinto eqinisayo kanye ne-gelling agent ekucubungulweni kokudla. I-CMC iyancibilika kokubili emanzini abandayo nashisayo, kodwa i-viscosity yesisombululo sayo iyancipha njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka.
Ukuqina: Ukuqina kokubili kuthintwa izinga lokushintshaniswa kanye nokuhlushwa kwesisombululo. Ukuqina kwe-MC kuqala kuyanda bese kwehla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, kuyilapho ukuqina kwe-CMC kwehla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Lokhu kubanika izinzuzo zabo ezisetshenziswayo ezahlukene zezimboni.
Ukuqina kwe-pH: I-CMC ihlala izinzile ebangeni elibanzi le-pH, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline, okwenza ithandwe kakhulu njengesiqinisi kanye nesiqinisi ekudleni nasemithini. I-MC izinzile uma iqhathaniswa nezimo ezingathathi hlangothi kanye ne-alkaline kancane, kodwa izowohloka kuma-asidi aqinile noma ama-alkali.
3. Izindawo Zokufaka Isicelo
Imboni Yokudla: I-Methylcellulose ivame ukusetshenziswa ekudleni njengesithambisi, i-emulsifier kanye nesithambisi. Isibonelo, ingalingisa ukunambitheka kanye nokuthungwa kwamafutha lapho ikhiqiza ukudla okunamafutha aphansi. I-Carboxymethylcellulose isetshenziswa kabanzi eziphuzweni, ezitsheni ezibhakiwe kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi njengesithambisi kanye nesithambisi ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi nokuthuthukisa ukunambitheka.
Imboni Yezemithi: I-Methylcellulose isetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni amaphilisi emithi njengesihlanganisi kanye nesihlukanisi, kanye nanjengento yokugcoba kanye nesivikelo, njengakumaconsi amehlo aso esikhundleni sokudabuka. I-CMC isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha ngenxa yokuhambisana kwayo okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo, njengokulungiselela imithi ekhishwa njalo kanye nezinamathiselo emaconsi amehlo.
Imboni yokwakha kanye namakhemikhali: I-MC isetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokwakha njengesithako esiqinisayo, into yokugcina amanzi kanye ne-glue yesamente kanye ne-gypsum. Ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nekhwalithi yobuso bezinto zokwakha. I-CMC ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuphatheni udaka ezimayini zensimu kawoyela, ukudaya izinto ezimanzi ekunyatheliseni nasekudayini izindwangu, ukumbozwa kwephepha ebusweni, njll.
4. Ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo
Zombili zibhekwa njengeziphephile ukusetshenziswa ekudleni nasezintweni zokwelapha, kodwa imithombo yazo kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza zingaba nemiphumela ehlukile emvelweni. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-MC kanye ne-CMC zithathwe ku-cellulose yemvelo futhi ziyabola, ngakho-ke zisebenza kahle maqondana nobungani bemvelo. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yazo yokukhiqiza ingase ihilele izinyibilikisi zamakhemikhali kanye nama-reagent, okungaba nomthelela othile emvelweni.
5. Intengo kanye nesidingo semakethe
Ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza, izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-methylcellulose zivame ukuba phezulu, ngakho-ke intengo yayo yemakethe nayo iphakeme kune-carboxymethylcellulose. I-CMC ngokuvamile inesidingo esikhulu semakethe ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi.
Nakuba i-methylcellulose kanye ne-carboxymethylcellulose zombili ziyizinto ezivela ku-cellulose, zinomehluko omkhulu ngesakhiwo, izakhiwo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nesidingo semakethe. I-Methylcellulose isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yokudla, yezokwelapha kanye nezinto zokwakha ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo okuhlukile kokushisa kanye nokulawula okuphezulu kwe-viscosity. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose isetshenziswe kabanzi ekudleni, kwezokwelapha, kwe-petrochemical, kwendwangu nakwezinye izimboni ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity kanye nokuzivumelanisa ne-pH ebanzi. Ukukhethwa kwe-cellulose derivative kuncike esimweni esithile sokusetshenziswa kanye nezidingo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-20-2024