I-Methylcellulose (MC) kunye ne-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) zizinto ezimbini eziqhelekileyo eziphuma kwi-cellulose, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni, kumayeza, kulwakhiwo, kushishino lweekhemikhali nakwezinye iindawo. Nangona zonke ziguqulwe ngokweekhemikhali ukusuka kwi-cellulose yendalo, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwisakhiwo seekhemikhali, iimpawu zomzimba nezeekhemikhali, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.
1. Inkqubo yolwakhiwo lweekhemikhali kunye nokulungiselela
I-Methylcellulose iveliswa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nge-methyl chloride (okanye i-methanol) phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, inxalenye yamaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) kwiimolekyuli ze-cellulose ithathelwa indawo ngamaqela e-methoxy (-OCH₃) ukwenza i-methylcellulose. Umlinganiselo wokutshintshwa (DS, inani lee-substituents ngeyunithi ye-glucose) ye-methylcellulose umisela iimpawu zayo zomzimba nezekhemikhali, ezifana nokunyibilika kunye ne-viscosity.
I-Carboxymethylcellulose iveliswa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nge-chloroacetic acid phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline, kwaye iqela le-hydroxyl lithathelwa indawo yi-carboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH). Umlinganiselo wokutshintshwa kunye nomlinganiselo we-polymerization (DP) ye-CMC uchaphazela ukunyibilika kwayo kunye ne-viscosity emanzini. I-CMC idla ngokubakho ngohlobo lwetyuwa yesodium, ebizwa ngokuba yi-sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
2. Iimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali
Ukunyibilika: I-Methylcellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, kodwa ilahlekelwa kukunyibilika kwaye yenze ijeli emanzini ashushu. Oku kuguqulwa kobushushu kwenza ukuba isetyenziswe njengesithambisi kunye ne-arhente ye-gelling ekulungisweni kokutya. I-CMC iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo nashushu, kodwa i-viscosity yesisombululo sayo iyancipha njengoko ubushushu busanda.
Ukuqina: Ukuqina kwazo zombini kuchatshazelwa lizinga lokutshintshwa kunye noxinzelelo lwesisombululo. Ukuqina kwe-MC kuqala kuyanda kuze kunciphe njengoko ubushushu busanda, ngelixa ukuqina kwe-CMC kuncipha njengoko ubushushu busanda. Oku kubanika izibonelelo zabo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.
Uzinzo lwe-pH: I-CMC ihlala izinzile kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH, ngakumbi phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ithandwe kakhulu njengesiqinisi kunye nesiqinisi ekutyeni nakwimithi. I-MC izinzile xa ikwimeko engathathi cala kwaye ine-alkaline kancinci, kodwa iya konakala kwi-asidi okanye kwi-alkalis ezinamandla.
3. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa
Ishishini lokutya: I-Methylcellulose isetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni njengesithambisi, i-emulsifier kunye nesiqinisi. Umzekelo, inokulinganisa incasa kunye nobume bamafutha xa ivelisa ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi. I-Carboxymethylcellulose isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiziselo, kwiimpahla ezibhakiweyo nakwiimveliso zobisi njengesithambisi kunye nesiqinisi ukuthintela ukwahlukana kwamanzi kunye nokuphucula incasa.
Ishishini leMithi: I-Methylcellulose isetyenziswa ekulungiseleleni iipilisi zamayeza njenge-binder kunye ne-disintegrant, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa njenge-lubricant kunye ne-arhente yokukhusela, njengakwi-ophthalmic eye drops njengento ethatha indawo yokukrazula. I-CMC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwezonyango ngenxa yokuhambelana kwayo okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo, njengokulungiselela amayeza akhutshwa rhoqo kunye ne-adhesives kwi-eye drops.
Ishishini lokwakha kunye neekhemikhali: I-MC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha njengesithambisi, iarhente yokugcina amanzi kunye ne-glue yesamente kunye ne-gypsum. Ingaphucula ukusebenza kolwakhiwo kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wezixhobo. I-CMC idla ngokusetyenziswa ekunyangweni kodaka kwimigodi yeoyile, ukutyibilika kwiprinta kunye nokudaya impahla, ukugquma iphepha ngaphezulu, njl.njl.
4. Ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo
Zombini zithathwa njengezikhuselekileyo ukusetyenziswa ekutyeni nakwizicelo zamayeza, kodwa imithombo yazo kunye neenkqubo zemveliso zinokuba nefuthe elahlukileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-MC kunye ne-CMC zivela kwi-cellulose yendalo kwaye ziyabola, ngoko ke zisebenza kakuhle ngokubhekiselele kwindalo esingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yazo yemveliso inokubandakanya izinyibilikisi zeekhemikhali kunye nee-reagents, ezinokuba nefuthe elithile kwindalo esingqongileyo.
5. Ixabiso kunye nemfuno yemarike
Ngenxa yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso, iindleko zemveliso ye-methylcellulose zihlala ziphezulu, ngoko ke ixabiso layo lemarike liphezulu kune-carboxymethylcellulose. I-CMC ngokubanzi inemfuno enkulu yemarike ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kunye neendleko zemveliso eziphantsi.
Nangona i-methylcellulose kunye ne-carboxymethylcellulose zombini ziyi-derivatives ze-cellulose, zinomahluko omkhulu kwisakhiwo, iipropati, ukusetyenziswa kunye nemfuno yemarike. I-Methylcellulose isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokutya, amayeza kunye nezixhobo zokwakha ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo okungaqhelekanga kobushushu kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lwe-viscosity. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini okutya, amayeza, i-petrochemical, i-textile kunye namanye amashishini ngenxa yokunyibilika kwayo okugqwesileyo, ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-pH ebanzi. Ukukhethwa kwe-cellulose derivative kuxhomekeke kwimeko ethile yokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-20-2024