Methylcellulose (MC) uye carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) zvinhu zviviri zvakajairika zvinobva mu cellulose, zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya, mishonga, kuvaka, indasitiri yemakemikari nedzimwe nzvimbo. Kunyangwe zvese zvakachinjwa nemakemikari kubva mu cellulose yechisikigo, kune musiyano wakakura muchimiro chemakemikari, hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari, uye mashandisirwo azvo.
1. Maumbirwo emakemikari uye maitiro ekugadzirira
Methylcellulose inogadzirwa nekuita cellulose nemethyl chloride (kana methanol) pasi pemamiriro ealkaline. Munguva iyi, chikamu chemapoka ehydroxyl (-OH) mumamorekuru ecellulose chinotsiviwa nemapoka emethoxy (-OCH₃) kuti chigadzire methylcellulose. Mwero wekutsiva (DS, huwandu hwezvinotsiva payuniti yega yega yeglucose) yemethylcellulose unosarudza hunhu hwayo hwepanyama uye hwemakemikari, senge kunyungudika uye viscosity.
Carboxymethylcellulose inogadzirwa nekuita cellulose nechloroacetic acid pasi pemamiriro ealkaline, uye boka rehydroxyl rinotsiviwa necarboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH). Mwero wekutsiva uye mwero wepolymerization (DP) yeCMC zvinokanganisa kunyungudika kwayo uye viscosity mumvura. CMC inowanzo kuwanikwa muchimiro chemunyu wesodium, unonzi sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
2. Hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari
Kunyungudika: Methylcellulose inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora, asi inorasikirwa nekunyungudika uye inoumba gel mumvura inopisa. Kuchinja uku kwekupisa kunoita kuti ishandiswe sechinokora uye chinhu chinopinza mukugadzira chikafu. CMC inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora neinodziya, asi viscosity yemushonga wayo inoderera sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera.
Kusviba: Kusviba kwezvose zviri zviviri kunokanganiswa nehuwandu hwekutsiva uye huwandu hwemushonga. Kusviba kweMC kunotanga kwawedzera uye kwozodzikira sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, ukuwo kusviba kweCMC kuchidzikira sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera. Izvi zvinovapa zvakanakira zvavo mumashandisirwo akasiyana emaindasitiri.
Kugadzikana kwepH: CMC inoramba yakagadzikana pane pH yakawanda, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ealkaline, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakurumbira semugadzirisi uye mukobvu mune zvekudya nemishonga. MC inogara yakagadzikana kana mamiriro ezvinhu asina kusimba uye ane alkaline zvishoma, asi inoora mu acids kana alkalis dzakasimba.
3. Nzvimbo dzekushandisa
Indasitiri yezvekudya: Methylcellulose inowanzo shandiswa muzvekudya sechinosimbisa, chinosanganisa uye chinosimbisa. Semuenzaniso, inogona kutevedzera kunaka uye magadzirirwo emafuta pakugadzira zvekudya zvisina mafuta akawanda. Carboxymethylcellulose inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinwiwa, zvinhu zvakabikwa uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka sechinosimbisa uye chinosimbisa kudzivirira kuparadzaniswa kwemvura uye kuvandudza kunaka.
Indasitiri yeMishonga: Methylcellulose inoshandiswa mukugadzira mapiritsi emishonga sechinhu chinosunga uye chinobvisa tsvina, uye zvakare sechinhu chinozora uye chinodzivirira, senge mumadonhwe emaziso senzvimbo yekubvaruka. CMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa nekuda kwekushanda kwayo zvakanaka, senge kugadzira mishonga inoburitswa nguva dzose uye zvinonamira mumadonhwe emaziso.
Indasitiri yekuvaka nemakemikari: MC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvekuvaka sechinosimbisa, chinochengetedza mvura uye chinonamira simende negypsum. Inogona kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka uye kunaka kwezvinhu pamusoro. CMC inowanzoshandiswa mukuchenesa ivhu mukuchera mafuta, slurry mukudhinda nekudhaya machira, kufukidza pamusoro pemapepa, nezvimwewo.
4. Kuchengetedzeka nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza
Zvese zvinoonekwa sezvakachengeteka kushandiswa mukudya uye mumishonga, asi manyuko azvo uye maitiro ekugadzira zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakasiyana pane zvakatipoteredza. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa neMC neCMC zvinobva mu cellulose yechisikigo uye zvinoora, saka zvinoshanda zvakanaka panyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, maitiro azvo ekugadzira anogona kusanganisira makemikari anonyungudutsa uye ma reagents, izvo zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakati panharaunda.
5. Mutengo uye kudiwa kwemusika
Nekuda kwemaitiro akasiyana ekugadzira, mutengo wekugadzira methylcellulose unowanzo kuve wakakwira, saka mutengo wayo wemusika wakakwirawo kupfuura carboxymethylcellulose. CMC inowanzo kuve nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya pamusika nekuda kwekushandiswa kwayo kwakakura uye mitengo yakaderera yekugadzira.
Kunyangwe methylcellulose necarboxymethylcellulose zvese zviri zvinobva mu cellulose, zvine musiyano mukuru muchimiro, hunhu, mashandisirwo uye kudiwa kwemusika. Methylcellulose inonyanya kushandiswa muminda yechikafu, mishonga uye zvinhu zvekuvaka nekuda kwekushanduka kwayo kwekupisa uye kudzora kwakanyanya kwe viscosity. Carboxymethyl cellulose yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikafu, mishonga, petrochemical, machira nedzimwe nzvimbo nekuda kwekunyungudika kwayo kwakanaka, kugadzirisa viscosity uye kugona kwayo kuchinjika kwepH. Sarudzo ye cellulose derivative inoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekushandiswa uye zvinodiwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-20-2024