Methylcellulose (MC) le carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ke di-derivative tse pedi tse tlwaelehileng tsa cellulose, tse sebediswang haholo dijong, merianeng, kahong, indastering ya dikhemikhale le mafapheng a mang. Le hoja kaofela di fetotswe ka dikhemikhale ho tswa ho cellulose ya tlhaho, ho na le dipharologanyo tse kgolo sebopehong sa dikhemikhale, thepa ya mmele le ya dikhemikhale, le tshebedisong.
1. Sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale le mokhoa oa ho lokisa
Methylcellulose e hlahisoa ka ho kopanya cellulose le methyl chloride (kapa methanol) tlas'a maemo a alkaline. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ena, karolo ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl (-OH) limolek'huleng tsa cellulose e nkeloa sebaka ke lihlopha tsa methoxy (-OCH₃) ho theha methylcellulose. Tekanyo ea phetolo (DS, palo ea lintho tse nkeloang sebaka ka yuniti ea glucose) ea methylcellulose e khetholla thepa ea eona ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale, joalo ka ho qhibiliha le ho teteana.
Carboxymethylcellulose e hlahisoa ka ho kopanya cellulose le chloroacetic acid tlas'a maemo a alkaline, 'me sehlopha sa hydroxyl se nkeloa sebaka ke carboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH). Tekanyo ea ho nkeloa sebaka le tekanyo ea polymerization (DP) ea CMC e ama ho qhibiliha ha eona le ho teteana ha eona metsing. CMC hangata e ba teng ka mokhoa oa letsoai la sodium, e bitsoang sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
2. Thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale
Ho qhibiliha: Methylcellulose e qhibiliha metsing a batang, empa e lahleheloa ke ho qhibiliha 'me e etsa gel ka metsing a chesang. Ho fetoha hona ha mocheso ho nolofalletsa tšebeliso ea eona e le setenya le sesebelisoa sa ho etsa jeli ha ho etsoa lijo. CMC e qhibiliha ka metsing a batang le a chesang, empa viscosity ea tharollo ea eona ea fokotseha ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha.
Ho teteana: Ho teteana ha tsona ka bobeli ho angoa ke tekanyo ea ho nkeloa sebaka le ho teteana ha tharollo. Ho teteana ha MC hoa eketseha pele ebe hoa fokotseha ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha, ha ho teteana ha CMC ho fokotseha ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha. Sena se li fa melemo ea tsona lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri.
Ho tsitsa ha pH: CMC e dula e tsitsitse hodima mefuta e mengata ya pH, haholoholo tlasa maemo a alkaline, e leng se etsang hore e tuma haholo e le sethibela-mafu le setenya dijong le merianeng. MC e tsitsitse ka tsela e batlang e sa nke lehlakore le e nang le alkaline e nyane, empa e tla senyeha ka har'a li-acid tse matla kapa li-alkali.
3. Libaka tsa kopo
Indasteri ea lijo: Methylcellulose e sebelisoa hangata lijong e le sethibisi, emulsifier le stabilizer. Mohlala, e ka etsisa tatso le sebopeho sa mafura ha ho hlahisoa lijo tse nang le mafura a fokolang. Carboxymethylcellulose e sebelisoa haholo linong, linthong tse besitsoeng le lihlahisoa tsa lebese e le sethibisi le stabilizer ho thibela karohano ea metsi le ho ntlafatsa tatso.
Indasteri ea meriana: Methylcellulose e sebelisoa ho lokiseng matlapa a meriana e le ntho e kopanyang le e qhalang, hape e le setlolo le se sireletsang, joalo ka marothodi a mahlo a mahlo e le sebaka sa ho taboha. CMC e sebelisoa haholo meriana ka lebaka la ho lumellana ha eona hantle, joalo ka ho lokisa meriana e lokollang le likhomaretsi marothoding a mahlo.
Indasteri ea kaho le lik'hemik'hale: MC e sebelisoa haholo thepa ea kaho e le setenya, sesebelisoa sa ho boloka metsi le sekhomaretsi sa samente le gypsum. E ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea kaho le boleng ba thepa. CMC e atisa ho sebelisoa kalafong ea seretse merafong ea oli, ho slurry khatisong ea masela le ho daea, ho koahela pampiri holim'a metsi, jj.
4. Polokeho le tshireletso ya tikoloho
Ka bobeli li nkoa li sireletsehile bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lijo le meriana, empa mehloli ea tsona le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso li ka ba le litlamorao tse fapaneng tikolohong. Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa MC le CMC li tsoa ho cellulose ea tlhaho 'me lia bola, kahoo li sebetsa hantle mabapi le botsoalle ba tikoloho. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetso ea tsona ea tlhahiso e ka kenyelletsa li-solvents tsa lik'hemik'hale le li-reagent, tse ka bang le tšusumetso e itseng tikolohong.
5. Theko le tlhoko ea 'maraka
Ka lebaka la mekhoa e fapaneng ea tlhahiso, litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ea methylcellulose hangata li phahame, kahoo theko ea eona ea 'maraka le eona e phahame ho feta carboxymethylcellulose. CMC ka kakaretso e na le tlhoko e kholo ea 'maraka ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea eona e pharaletseng le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa tlhahiso.
Leha methylcellulose le carboxymethylcellulose ka bobeli e le di-derivative tsa cellulose, di na le dipharologanyo tse kgolo sebopehong, thepa, ditshebedisong le tlhokehong ya mmaraka. Methylcellulose e sebediswa haholo masimong a dijo, meriana le thepa ya kaho ka lebaka la ho feto-fetoha ha yona ha mocheso le taolo e phahameng ya viscosity. Carboxymethyl cellulose e sebedisitswe haholo diindastering tsa dijo, meriana, petrochemical, masela le tse ding ka lebaka la ho qhibiliha ha yona ho babatsehang, phetoho ya viscosity le ho ikamahanya le pH ka bophara. Kgetho ya di-derivative tsa cellulose e itshetlehile ka boemo le ditlhoko tse ikgethang tsa tshebediso.
Nako ea poso: Phato-20-2024