Imvelaphi kunye nesishwankathelo
I-Cellulose ether sisixhobo sekhemikhali esisetyenziswa kakhulu se-polymer esenziwe nge-polymer cellulose yendalo ngonyango lwekhemikhali. Emva kokwenziwa kwe-cellulose nitrate kunye ne-cellulose acetate kwinkulungwane ye-19, iingcali zekhemistri ziye zaphuhlisa uthotho lwee-cellulose derivatives zee-cellulose ethers ezininzi, kwaye amasimi amatsha okusetyenziswa aye afunyanwa ngokuqhubekayo, ebandakanya amacandelo amaninzi emizi-mveliso. Iimveliso ze-cellulose ether ezifana ne-sodiumi-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), i-ethyl cellulose (EC), i-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), i-hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), i-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)kwayei-methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC)kunye nezinye ii-ether ze-cellulose zaziwa ngokuba yi-"industrial monosodium glutamate" kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekubholeni ioyile, ekwakheni, ekugqumeni, ekutyeni, kumayeza nakwiikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla.
I-Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (MHPC) yipowder emhlophe engenavumba, engenancasa, engenatyhefu enokunyibilikiswa emanzini abandayo ukuze yenze isisombululo esicacileyo esiqinileyo. Ineempawu zokutyeba, ukubopha, ukusasaza, ukuxuba, ukwenza ifilimu, ukumisa, ukufunxa, ukwenza i-gelling, ukusebenza komphezulu, ukugcina umswakama kunye nokukhusela i-colloid. Ngenxa yomsebenzi osebenzayo wesisombululo samanzi, ingasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokukhusela i-colloidal, i-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant. Isisombululo samanzi se-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose sinamandla okucoca amanzi kwaye sisixhobo sokugcina amanzi esisebenzayo. Ngenxa yokuba i-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose inamaqela e-hydroxyethyl, inamandla amahle okulwa nokungunda, uzinzo oluhle lwe-viscous kunye nokumelana nokungunda ngexesha lokugcina ixesha elide.
I-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) ilungiswa ngokungenisa izinto ezithatha indawo ze-ethylene oxide (MS 0.3 ~ 0.4) kwi-methylcellulose (MC), kwaye ukumelana kwayo netyuwa kungcono kunokwee-polymers ezingatshintshwanga. Ubushushu be-gelation ye-methylcellulose buphezulu kunobe-MC.
Ulwakhiwo
Uphawu
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) zezi:
1. Ukunyibilika: Inyibilika emanzini nakwezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo. I-HEMC inokunyibilika emanzini abandayo. Uxinzelelo lwayo oluphezulu lumiselwa kuphela kukunyibilika. Ukunyibilika kuyahluka ngokwekunyibilika. Okukhona ukunyibilika kuphantsi, kokukhona ukunyibilika kukhulu.
2. Ukumelana netyuwa: Iimveliso ze-HEMC zii-non-ionic cellulose ethers kwaye azizizo ii-polyelectrolytes, ngoko ke zizinzile kwizisombululo zamanzi xa kukho iityuwa zesinyithi okanye ii-electrolytes eziphilayo, kodwa ukongezwa kakhulu kwee-electrolytes kunokubangela i-gelation kunye nemvula.
3. Umsebenzi womphezulu: Ngenxa yomsebenzi osebenzayo womphezulu wesisombululo samanzi, singasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokukhusela ye-colloidal, i-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant.
4. Ijeli yobushushu: Xa isisombululo samanzi seemveliso zeHEMC sishushubezwa kubushushu obuthile, siba yi-opaque, iijeli, kwaye sitshise, kodwa xa sipholiswa rhoqo, sibuyela kwimeko yesisombululo sokuqala, kwaye ubushushu apho le jeli kunye nemvula zenzeka khona ikakhulu buxhomekeke kuzo ii-lubricants, i-suspending aids, ii-protective colloids, ii-emulsifiers njl.njl.
5. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-metabolism kunye nevumba nevumba eliphantsi: I-HEMC isetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni nakwezonyango kuba ayizukucuthwa kwaye inevumba nevumba eliphantsi.
6. Ukumelana nokungunda: I-HEMC inokumelana nokungunda okuhle kwaye iyakwazi ukuzinza kakuhle xa igcinwa ixesha elide.
7. Uzinzo lwe-PH: Ukuqina kwesisombululo samanzi seemveliso ze-HEMC akuchaphazeleki kakhulu yi-asidi okanye i-alkali, kwaye ixabiso le-pH lizinzile ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-3.0 ukuya kwi-11.0.
Isicelo
I-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ingasetyenziswa njenge-colloidal protective agent, i-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo osebenzayo kumphezulu kwisisombululo samanzi. Imizekelo yokusetyenziswa kwayo yile ilandelayo:
1. Impembelelo ye-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ekusebenzeni kwesamente. I-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose yipowder emhlophe engenavumba, engenancasa, engenatyhefu enokuchithwa emanzini abandayo ukuze yenze isisombululo esicacileyo esiqinileyo. Ineempawu zokutyeba, ukubopha, ukusasaza, ukuxuba, ukwenza ifilimu, ukumisa, ukufunxa, ukwenza i-gelling, ukusebenza komphezulu, ukugcina umswakama kunye nokukhusela i-colloid. Ekubeni isisombululo samanzi sinomsebenzi osebenzayo kumphezulu, singasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokukhusela i-colloidal, i-emulsifier kunye ne-dispersant. Isisombululo samanzi se-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose sinobumanzi obuhle kwaye sisixhobo sokugcina amanzi ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Kulungiswa ipeyinti yokukhulula eguquguqukayo kakhulu, eyenziwe ngezi zinto zilandelayo ziluhlaza ngokweenxalenye ngokobunzima: 150-200 g yamanzi acocekileyo; 60-70 g ye-emulsion ye-acrylic ecocekileyo; 550-650 g ye-calcium enzima; 70-90 g ye-talcum powder; Isisombululo samanzi se-cellulose esisisiseko 30-40g; isisombululo samanzi se-lignocellulose 10-20g; uncedo lokwenza ifilimu 4-6g; i-antiseptic kunye ne-fungicide 1.5-2.5g; i-dispersant 1.8-2.2g; i-agent yokumanzisa 1.8-2.2g; 3.5-4.5g; i-Ethylene glycol 9-11g; Isisombululo samanzi se-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose senziwa ngokunyibilikisa i-2-4% ye-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose emanzini; Isisombululo samanzi se-lignocellulose senziwe nge-1-3% ye-Lignocellulose senziwe ngokunyibilikisa emanzini.
Ukulungiselela
Indlela yokulungiselela i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, le ndlela kukuba umqhaphu ocociweyo usetyenziswe njengezinto eziluhlaza, kwaye i-ethylene oxide isetyenziswa njenge-etherification agent ukulungiselela i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Amacandelo obunzima bezinto eziluhlaza zokulungiselela i-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose zezi zilandelayo: Amacandelo angama-700-800 omxube we-toluene kunye ne-isopropanol njenge-solvent, Amacandelo angama-30-40 amanzi, Amacandelo angama-70-80 e-sodium hydroxide, Amacandelo angama-80-85 omqhaphu ocociweyo, Indandatho Amacandelo angama-20-28 e-oxy ethane, Amacandelo angama-80-90 e-methyl chloride, Amacandelo ali-16-19 e-glacial acetic acid; Amanyathelo athile ngala:
Inyathelo lokuqala, kwisitya sokusabela, yongeza umxube we-toluene kunye ne-isopropanol, amanzi, kunye ne-sodium hydroxide, fudumeza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60-80 ° C, ugcine ushushu imizuzu engama-20-40;
Inyathelo lesibini, i-alkalizing: pholisa izinto ezingentla ukuya kuma-30-50°C, yongeza umqhaphu ocoliweyo, fafaza i-toluene kunye ne-isopropanol mixture solvent, vacuum cleaner ukuya kuma-0.006Mpa, gcwalisa i-nitrogen izihlandlo ezi-3, uze wenze emva kokutshintsha i-Alkalinization, iimeko ze-alkalizing zezi: ixesha le-alkalizing ziiyure ezi-2, kwaye ubushushu be-alkalizing buyi-30°C ukuya kuma-50°C;
Inyathelo lesithathu, i-etherification: emva kokuba i-alkalizing igqityiwe, i-reactor isuswa iye kwi-0.05-0.07MPa, kwaye i-ethylene oxide kunye ne-methyl chloride zongezwa imizuzu engama-30-50; inqanaba lokuqala le-etherification: 40-60°C, iiyure eziyi-1.0-2.0, uxinzelelo lulawulwa phakathi kwe-0.15 kunye ne-0.3Mpa; inqanaba lesibini le-etherification: 60～90℃, iiyure eziyi-2.0～2.5, uxinzelelo lulawulwa phakathi kwe-0.4 kunye ne-0.8Mpa;
Inyathelo lesine, ukunyibilikisa: yongeza i-glacial acetic acid elinganisiweyo kwangaphambili kwiketile yokufudumeza, cinezela kwizinto ezifakwe i-ether ukuze zinyibilikise, nyusa ubushushu bufike kwi-75-80°C ukuze kungene imvula, ubushushu bunyuke bufike kwi-102°C, kwaye ixabiso le-pH lifunyenwe liyi-6. Ngentsimbi yesi-8, ukunyibilikisa kugqityiwe; itanki yokunyibilikisa imvula izaliswa ngamanzi empompi acociweyo sisixhobo esibuyela umva se-osmosis kwi-90°C ukuya kwi-100°C;
Inyathelo lesihlanu, ukuhlamba nge-centrifugal: izinto ezikwinqanaba lesine zifakwa kwi-centrifuge nge-screw centrifuge ethe tye, kwaye izinto ezahlulweyo zidluliselwa kwitanki yokuhlamba egcwele amanzi ashushu kwangaphambili ukuze zihlanjwe;
Inyathelo lesithandathu, ukomisa nge-centrifugal: izinto ezihlanjiweyo zithunyelwa kwi-dryer nge-screw centrifuge ethe tye, kwaye izinto zomiswe kwi-150-170°C, kwaye izinto ezomileyo ziyatyunyuzwa kwaye zipakishwe.
Xa kuthelekiswa netekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-cellulose ether ekhoyo, olu vumbululo lusebenzisa i-ethylene oxide njenge-etherification agent ukulungiselela i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, enokumelana okuhle nokubola ngenxa yokuba inee-hydroxyethyl groups. Inokuqina okuhle kwe-viscosity kunye nokumelana nokubola ngexesha lokugcina ixesha elide. Ingasetyenziswa endaweni yezinye ii-cellulose ethers.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-25-2024