Ka Moolelo a me ka Nānā Laulā
ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi mea kemika polymer maikaʻi i hoʻohana nui ʻia i hana ʻia mai ka cellulose polymer kūlohelohe ma o ka mālama kemika. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose nitrate a me ka cellulose acetate i ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻomohala nā kemika i kahi moʻo o nā derivatives cellulose o nā cellulose ethers he nui, a ua ʻike mau ʻia nā kahua noi hou, e pili ana i nā ʻāpana ʻoihana he nui. ʻO nā huahana Cellulose ether e like me ka sodiumka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)a memethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC)a ua ʻike ʻia nā ethers cellulose ʻē aʻe ʻo "industrial monosodium glutamate" a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻeli ʻaila, ke kūkulu ʻana, nā uhi ʻana, ka meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kemika o kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (MHPC) he pauka keʻokeʻo ʻala ʻole, ʻono ʻole, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu e hana i kahi hopena viscous moakaka. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka hoʻomānoanoa, ka nakinaki ʻana, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, ka emulsifying, ka hana ʻana i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ka adsorbing, ka gelling, ka hana ʻana o ka ʻili, ka mālama ʻana i ka makū a me ka pale ʻana i ke colloid. Ma muli o ka hana hana o ka hopena wai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea pale colloidal, emulsifier a me ka dispersant. Loaʻa i ka hopena wai Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ka hydrophilicity maikaʻi a he mea paʻa wai kūpono. No ka mea aia nā hui hydroxyethyl i loko o ka hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke anti-mildew maikaʻi, ka paʻa viscosity maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka mildew i ka wā mālama lōʻihi.
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ʻo Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea pani ethylene oxide (MS 0.3 ~ 0.4) i loko o ka methylcellulose (MC), a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa paʻakai ma mua o nā polymers i hoʻololi ʻole ʻia. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana gelation o ka methylcellulose ma mua o ka MC.
ʻAno
Hiʻona
ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) penei:
1. Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia: Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo HEMC i ka wai anuanu. Hoʻoholo wale ʻia kona ʻano kiʻekiʻe loa e ka viscosity. ʻOkoʻa ka solubility me ka viscosity. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka solubility.
2. Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka paʻakai: ʻO nā huahana HEMC he mau ethers cellulose non-ionic a ʻaʻole ia he polyelectrolytes, no laila ua paʻa loa lākou i nā hopena wai ke loaʻa nā paʻakai metala a i ʻole nā electrolytes organik, akā ʻo ka hoʻohui nui ʻana o nā electrolytes hiki ke hana i ka gelation a me ka precipitation.
3. Hana ʻili: Ma muli o ka hana ʻili o ka hopena wai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea pale colloidal, emulsifier a me ka dispersant.
4. Gel wela: Ke hoʻomehana ʻia ka hopena wai o nā huahana HEMC i kahi mahana, lilo ia i opaque, gels, a precipitates, akā ke hoʻomaʻalili mau ʻia, hoʻi ia i ke kūlana hopena mua, a ʻo ka mahana ma kahi e hana ʻia ai kēia gel a me ka ua e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ma luna o lākou nā lubricants, nā mea kōkua hoʻomaha, nā colloids pale, nā emulsifiers etc.
5. ʻO ka inertness metabolic a me ka ʻala haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻala: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo HEMC i ka meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e metabolized a he haʻahaʻa kona ʻala a me ka ʻala.
6. Ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka mildew: Loaʻa i ka HEMC ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka mildew a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi o ka viscosity i ka wā mālama lōʻihi.
7. Paʻa PH: ʻAʻole pili iki ka waikawa a i ʻole ka alkali i ka mānoanoa o ka hopena wai o nā huahana HEMC, a paʻa loa ka waiwai pH i loko o ka pae o 3.0 a 11.0.
Noi
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ma ke ʻano he mea pale colloidal, emulsifier a me dispersant ma muli o kāna hana hana-ʻili i loko o ka hopena wai. Eia nā hiʻohiʻona o kāna noi:
1. Ka hopena o ka hydroxyethyl methylcellulose i ka hana sima. ʻO ka Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose kahi pauka keʻokeʻo ʻala ʻole, ʻono ʻole, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu e hana i kahi hopena viscous moakaka. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka mānoanoa, ka nakinaki ʻana, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, ka emulsifying, ka hana ʻana i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ka adsorbing, ka gelling, ka hana ʻana o ka ʻili, ka mālama ʻana i ka makū a me ka pale ʻana i ke colloid. ʻOiai he hana hana o ka hopena wai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea pale colloidal, emulsifier a me ka dispersant. Loaʻa i ka hopena wai Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ka hydrophilicity maikaʻi a he mea paʻa wai maikaʻi.
2. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi pena hoʻomaha palupalu loa, i hana ʻia me kēia mau mea maka ma nā ʻāpana ma ke kaupaona: 150-200 g o ka wai deionized; 60-70 g o ka emulsion acrylic maʻemaʻe; 550-650 g o ka calcium kaumaha; 70-90 g o ka pauka talcum; Hoʻonā wai cellulose kumu 30-40g; hoʻonā wai lignocellulose 10-20g; kōkua hoʻokumu kiʻiʻoniʻoni 4-6g; antiseptic a me fungicide 1.5-2.5g; dispersant 1.8-2.2g; mea hoʻomaʻū 1.8-2.2g; 3.5-4.5g; Ethylene glycol 9-11g; Hana ʻia ka hopena wai hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka 2-4% hydroxyethyl methylcellulose i loko o ka wai; Hana ʻia ka hopena wai lignocellulose i ka 1-3% Hana ʻia ka Lignocellulose ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i loko o ka wai.
Hoʻomākaukau
ʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻomākaukau o ka hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, ʻo ke ʻano hana, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea maka, a hoʻohana ʻia ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he mea etherification e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. ʻO nā ʻāpana kaumaha o nā mea maka no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hydroxyethyl methylcellulose penei: 700-800 ʻāpana o ka toluene a me ka hui isopropanol ma ke ʻano he solvent, 30-40 ʻāpana o ka wai, 70-80 ʻāpana o ka sodium hydroxide, 80-85 ʻāpana o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, apo 20-28 ʻāpana o ka oxy ethane, 80-90 ʻāpana o ka methyl chloride, 16-19 ʻāpana o ka glacial acetic acid; ʻo nā ʻanuʻu kikoʻī:
ʻO ka hana mua, i loko o ka ipu hoʻoheheʻe, e hoʻohui i ka toluene a me ka hui isopropanol, ka wai, a me ka sodium hydroxide, e hoʻomehana a hiki i 60-80 ° C, e mālama i ka mahana no 20-40 mau minuke;
ʻO ka lua o ka hana, ka alkaliization: e hoʻomaʻalili i nā mea i luna a hiki i 30-50°C, e hoʻohui i ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, e pīpī i ka toluene a me ka isopropanol mixture solvent, vacuumize i 0.006Mpa, e hoʻopiha i ka nitrogen no 3 mau pani, a e hoʻokō ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka Alkalinization, ʻo nā kūlana alkalization: ʻo ka manawa alkalization he 2 mau hola, a ʻo ka mahana alkalization he 30°C a 50°C;
ʻO ke kolu o ka hana, ka etherification: ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka alkalization, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka reactor i 0.05-0.07MPa, a ua hoʻohui ʻia ka ethylene oxide a me ka methyl chloride no 30-50 mau minuke; ke kahua mua o ka etherification: 40-60°C, 1.0-2.0 hola, ua kāohi ʻia ke kaomi ma waena o 0.15 a me 0.3Mpa; ke kahua ʻelua o ka etherification: 60～90℃, 2.0～2.5 hola, ua kāohi ʻia ke kaomi ma waena o 0.4 a me 0.8Mpa;
ʻO ka hana ʻehā, neutralization: e hoʻohui i ka waikawa acetic glacial i ana ʻia ma mua i ka ipu hao, e kaomi i loko o ka mea etherified no ka neutralization, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka mahana i 75-80 ° C no ka ua, piʻi ka mahana i 102 ° C, a ʻike ʻia ka waiwai pH he 6 I ka hola 8, ua pau ka desolventization; ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka pahu desolventization me ka wai piula i mālama ʻia e kahi mea osmosis hoʻohuli ma 90 ° C a 100 ° C;
ʻO ka hana ʻelima, ka holoi ʻana i ka centrifugal: ua centrifuged ʻia ka mea ma ka hana ʻehā ma o kahi centrifuge wili ākea, a ua hoʻoili ʻia ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kahi pahu holoi i piha i ka wai wela ma mua no ka holoi ʻana i ka mea;
ʻO ke ono o ka hana, ka hoʻomaloʻo centrifugal: lawe ʻia ka mea i holoi ʻia i loko o ka mea maloʻo ma o ka centrifuge wili ākea, a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka mea ma 150-170°C, a kuʻi ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia ka mea maloʻo.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻenehana hana cellulose ether o kēia manawa, hoʻohana ka mea i hana ʻia i ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he mea etherification e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, nona ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka mildew ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hui hydroxyethyl. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa viscosity maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa i ka mildew i ka wā mālama lōʻihi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi o nā cellulose ethers ʻē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-25-2024