Ndabere na Nchịkọta Ihe
Cellulose ether bụ ihe kemịkalụ dị mma nke e ji polymer mee nke e ji polymer cellulose eke mee site na ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ. Mgbe emechara cellulose nitrate na cellulose acetate na narị afọ nke 19, ndị na-emepụta kemịkalụ emepụtala usoro ihe ndị sitere na cellulose ethers nke ọtụtụ cellulose, a chọpụtakwala ubi ngwa ọhụrụ mgbe niile, gụnyere ọtụtụ ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Ngwaahịa Cellulose ether dị ka sodiumcellulose carboxymethyl (CMC), ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)namethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC)A maara na ether cellulose ndị ọzọ dị ka "monosodium glutamate industrial" ma ejiri ha mee ihe nke ukwuu n'igwu mmanụ, owuwu, mkpuchi, nri, ọgwụ na kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị.
Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (MHPC) bụ ntụ ọcha na-enweghị isi, enweghị ụtọ, na-adịghị egbu egbu nke enwere ike ịgbaze na mmiri oyi iji mepụta mmiri viscous doro anya. O nwere njirimara nke ịka nká, ijikọ, ịgbasa, emulsifying, imepụta ihe nkiri, nkwụsịtụ, ịmịnye mmiri, ịgbaze mmiri, ime ka mmiri dị ọcha, ịnọgide na-enwe mmiri na ichebe colloid. N'ihi ọrụ dị n'elu nke mmiri mmiri, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na mgbasa. Mmiri mmiri Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose nwere ezigbo hydrophilicity ma bụrụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị mma. N'ihi na hydroxyethyl methylcellulose nwere otu hydroxyethyl, ọ nwere ikike mgbochi mildew dị mma, ezigbo nkwụsi ike na iguzogide mildew n'oge nchekwa ogologo oge.
A na-akwadebe Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) site n'itinye ihe ndị na-anọchi ethylene oxide (MS 0.3~0.4) n'ime methylcellulose (MC), nguzogide nnu ya dịkwa mma karịa nke polymers a na-agbanwebeghị agbanwe. Okpomọkụ gelation nke methylcellulose dịkwa elu karịa nke MC.
Ọdịdị
atụmatụ
Isi ihe dị na hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) bụ:
1. Mmiri na-agbaze: A na-agbaze na mmiri na ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze organic. Enwere ike ịgbaze HEMC na mmiri oyi. A na-ekpebi oke ntinye ya naanị site na viscosity. Mmiri na-agbaze na-agbanwe ka viscosity dị. Ka viscosity dị ala, otú ahụ ka mmiri na-agbaze na-abawanye.
2. Nguzogide nnu: Ngwaahịa HEMC bụ ihe ndị na-abụghị ionic cellulose ethers, ha abụghịkwa polyelectrolytes, yabụ ha na-adịgide adịgide na mmiri mmiri mgbe nnu ígwè ma ọ bụ electrolytes organic dị, mana itinye electrolytes gabiga ókè nwere ike ibute gelation na mmiri ozuzo.
3. Ọrụ elu: N'ihi ọrụ elu nke mmiri mmiri na-arụ, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na dispersant.
4. Gel okpomọkụ: Mgbe a na-ekpo ọkụ mmiri nke ngwaahịa HEMC ruo n'okpomọkụ ụfọdụ, ọ na-aghọ ihe na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, gels, na ihe na-eme ka ọ daa, mana mgbe ọ na-ajụ oyi mgbe niile, ọ na-alaghachi n'ọnọdụ mmiri mbụ ahụ, okpomọkụ nke jel a na mmiri ozuzo na-apụtakarị dabere na ha mmanụ, ihe enyemaka nkwụsịtụ, colloids nchebe, emulsifiers wdg.
5. Enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ nke metabolic na obere isi na isi ísì: A na-ejikarị HEMC eme ihe n'ọtụtụ nri na ọgwụ n'ihi na a gaghị eme ka ọ gbazee ma nwee obere isi na isi ísì.
6. Mgbochi nke ahịhịa: HEMC nwere ezigbo iguzogide ebu na ezigbo nkwụsi ike n'oge nchekwa ogologo oge.
7. Nkwụsi ike PH: Asịd ma ọ bụ alkali anaghị emetụta oke mmiri mmiri nke ngwaahịa HEMC, uru pH dịkwa n'etiti 3.0 na 11.0.
Ngwa
Enwere ike iji Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose mee ihe dị ka ihe nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na dispersant n'ihi ọrụ ya na-arụ ọrụ n'elu mmiri. Ihe atụ ojiji ya bụ ndị a:
1. Mmetụta nke hydroxyethyl methylcellulose na arụmọrụ simenti. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose bụ ntụ ọcha na-enweghị isi, enweghị uto, na-adịghị egbu egbu nke enwere ike ịgbaze na mmiri oyi iji mepụta mmiri viscous doro anya. O nwere njirimara nke ịka nká, ijikọ, ịgbasa, emulsifying, imepụta ihe nkiri, nkwụsịtụ, ịmịnye ihe, gelling, na-arụ ọrụ n'elu, na-edobe mmiri na ichebe colloid. Ebe ọ bụ na mmiri mmiri nwere ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'elu, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nchebe colloidal, emulsifier na mgbasa. Mmiri mmiri Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose nwere ezigbo hydrophilicity ma bụrụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị mma.
2. A na-akwadebe agba enyemaka dị oke nro, nke e ji ihe ndị a mee n'akụkụ dị iche iche site na ibu: 150-200 g nke mmiri deionized; 60-70 g nke acrylic emulsion dị ọcha; 550-650 g nke calcium dị arọ; 70-90 g nke ntụ ntụ talcum; Mmiri cellulose dị n'okpuru ala 30-40g; Mmiri lignocellulose dị n'ime mmiri 10-20g; Enyemaka ihe nkiri 4-6g; Ọgwụ nje na fungicides 1.5-2.5g; ihe na-agbasa 1.8-2.2g; ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị n'ime mmiri 1.8-2.2g; 3.5-4.5g; Ethylene glycol 9-11g; A na-eme mmiri hydroxyethyl methylcellulose dị n'ime mmiri site na ịgbaze 2-4% hydroxyethyl methylcellulose n'ime mmiri; A na-eme mmiri lignocellulose dị n'ime mmiri 1-3% Lignocellulose site na ịgbaze na mmiri.
Nkwadebe
Usoro nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, usoro a bụ na a na-eji owu a nụchara anụcha dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe, a na-ejikwa ethylene oxide dị ka ihe na-eme ka etherification dị njikere iji kwadebe hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Akụkụ dị arọ nke ihe eji emepụta ihe maka ịkwadebe hydroxyethyl methylcellulose bụ ndị a: Akụkụ 700-800 nke ngwakọta toluene na isopropanol dị ka ihe mgbaze, akụkụ 30-40 nke mmiri, akụkụ 70-80 nke sodium hydroxide, akụkụ 80-85 nke owu a nụchara anụcha, mgbanaka akụkụ 20-28 nke oxy ethane, akụkụ 80-90 nke methyl chloride, akụkụ 16-19 nke glacial acetic acid; usoro ndị a kapịrị ọnụ bụ:
Nzọụkwụ mbụ, n'ime ketulu mmeghachi omume, tinye ngwakọta toluene na isopropanol, mmiri, na sodium hydroxide, kpoo ọkụ ruo 60-80 Celsius, debe ya ọkụ maka nkeji 20-40;
Nzọụkwụ nke abụọ, ime ka ihe dị n'elu dị jụụ ruo 30-50°C, tinye owu a nụchara anụcha, fesa ihe mgbaze ngwakọta toluene na isopropanol, mee ka ọ dị ọcha ruo 0.006Mpa, jupụta nitrogen maka nnọchi atọ, wee mee ya mgbe emechara nnọchi Alkalinization, ọnọdụ ime ka ihe dị n'ime ya bụ: oge ime ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị awa 2, okpomọkụ ime ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị site na 30°C ruo 50°C;
Nzọụkwụ nke atọ, etherification: mgbe emechara alkalization, a na-ewepụ reactor ahụ ruo 0.05-0.07MPa, a na-agbakwunye ethylene oxide na methyl chloride maka nkeji 30-50; ọkwa mbụ nke etherification: 40-60°C, 1.0-2.0 Awa, a na-achịkwa nrụgide n'etiti 0.15 na 0.3Mpa; ọkwa nke abụọ nke etherification: 60~90℃, 2.0~2.5 awa, a na-achịkwa nrụgide n'etiti 0.4 na 0.8Mpa;
Nzọụkwụ nke anọ, nkewapụ: tinye glacial acetic acid a tụrụ tupu oge eruo na kettle mmiri ozuzo, pịa ihe etherified maka nkewapụ, bulie okpomọkụ ruo 75-80°C maka mmiri ozuzo, okpomọkụ ahụ na-arị elu ruo 102°C, a chọpụtakwara na uru pH dị na 6. Mgbe elekere asatọ gachara, a ga-emecha nkewapụ; a ga-ejupụta tank nkewapụ na mmiri ọkpọkọ nke ngwaọrụ osmosis reverse gwọrọ na 90°C ruo 100°C;
Nzọụkwụ nke ise, ịsa centrifugal: ihe dị na nzọụkwụ nke anọ ka a na-eji centrifuge skru kwụ ọtọ na-amịnye centrifuge, a na-ebufekwa ihe kewapụrụ onwe ya na tankị ịsa ahụ nke e ji mmiri ọkụ jupụta tupu oge eruo maka ịsa ihe ahụ;
Nzọụkwụ nke isii, nkụ centrifugal: a na-ebuga ihe a sachara n'ime igwe nkụ site na centrifuge skru kwụ ọtọ, a na-akpọkwa ihe ahụ nkụ na 150-170°C, a na-akụpịa ihe kpọrọ nkụ ma kechie ya.
Ma e jiri ya tụnyere teknụzụ mmepụta cellulose ether dị ugbu a, ihe mepụtara ugbu a na-eji ethylene oxide dị ka ihe na-eme ka etherification dị njikere iji kwadebe hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, nke nwere ezigbo iguzogide mildew n'ihi na o nwere otu hydroxyethyl. Ọ nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike na iguzogide mildew n'oge nchekwa ogologo oge. Enwere ike iji ya kama cellulose ethers ndị ọzọ.
Oge ozi: Eprel-25-2024