Semelo le Kakaretso
Cellulose ether ke thepa ea lik'hemik'hale e ntle ea polymer e sebelisoang haholo e entsoeng ka cellulose ea tlhaho ea polymer ka kalafo ea lik'hemik'hale. Kamora ho etsoa ha cellulose nitrate le cellulose acetate lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, litsebi tsa lik'hemik'hale li hlahisitse letoto la li-derivatives tsa cellulose tsa li-ether tse ngata tsa cellulose, 'me masimo a macha a ts'ebeliso a sibollotsoe khafetsa, a kenyeletsang mafapha a mangata a indasteri. Lihlahisoa tsa ether tsa cellulose tse kang sodiumselulose ea carboxymethyl (CMC), ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)lemethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC)le di-ether tse ding tsa cellulose di tsejwa e le "monosodium glutamate ya indasteri" mme di sebedisetswa haholo ho tjhekeng oli, kahong, ho maneheng, dijong, meriana le dikhemikhaleng tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.
Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (MHPC) ke phofo e tšoeu e se nang monko, e se nang tatso, e se nang chefo e ka qhibilihang ka metsing a batang ho etsa tharollo e bonaletsang e nang le viscous. E na le litšobotsi tsa ho teteana, ho tlama, ho qhalakanya, ho kopanya, ho etsa filimi, ho emisa, ho monya, ho etsa gelling, ho sebetsa holim'a metsi, ho boloka mongobo le ho sireletsa colloid. Ka lebaka la mosebetsi o sebetsang oa bokaholimo ba tharollo ea metsi, e ka sebelisoa e le moemeli oa tšireletso ea colloidal, emulsifier le dispersant. Tharollo ea metsi ea Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose e na le hydrophilicity e ntle ea hydroxyethyl 'me ke moemeli ea sebetsang hantle oa ho boloka metsi. Hobane hydroxyethyl methylcellulose e na le lihlopha tsa hydroxyethyl, e na le bokhoni bo botle ba ho loantša hlobo, botsitso bo botle ba viscosity le ho hanyetsa hlobo nakong ea polokelo ea nako e telele.
Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) e lokiswa ka ho kenya di-substituents tsa ethylene oxide (MS 0.3 ~ 0.4) ka hara methylcellulose (MC), mme kganyetso ya yona ya letswai e betere ho feta ya di-polymer tse sa fetolwang. Mocheso wa gelation wa methylcellulose le wona o phahame ho feta wa MC.
Sebopeho
Tšobotsi
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) ke tsena:
1. Ho qhibiliha: E qhibiliha ka metsing le metswakong e meng ya tlhaho. HEMC e ka qhibilihisoa ka metsing a batang. Kgatelelo ya yona e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e laolwa feela ke ho qhibilihisa. Ho qhibiliha ho fapana le ho qhibilihisa. Ha ho qhibilihisa ho le tlase, ho qhibiliha ho hoholo.
2. Ho hanyetsa letsoai: Lihlahisoa tsa HEMC ke li-ether tsa cellulose tse seng tsa ionic 'me ha se li-polyelectrolyte, kahoo li tsitsitse ka mokhoa o batlang o le teng litharollong tsa metsi ha letsoai la tšepe kapa li-electrolyte tsa tlhaho li le teng, empa ho eketsa li-electrolyte ho feteletseng ho ka baka ho mela ha metsi le pula.
3. Mosebetsi wa bokahodimo: Ka lebaka la mosebetsi o sebetsang wa bokahodimo wa tharollo ya metsi, e ka sebediswa e le moemedi wa tshireletso ya colloidal, emulsifier le e qhalanyang.
4. Gel ea mocheso: Ha tharollo ea metsi ea lihlahisoa tsa HEMC e futhumatsoa ho fihlela mochesong o itseng, e fetoha e sa bonahaleng, e be li-gel, 'me e be le pula, empa ha e ntse e pholile khafetsa, e khutlela boemong ba tharollo ea pele, 'me mocheso oo gel ena le pula li etsahalang ho oona haholo-holo o itšetlehile ka tsona ka litlolo, lithuso tsa ho emisa, li-colloid tse sireletsang, li-emulsifier jj.
5. Ho se sebetse hantle ha metabolism le monko o fokolang le monko o monate: HEMC e sebelisoa haholo lijong le merianeng hobane e ke ke ea fetoloa hore e be metabolism 'me e na le monko o fokolang le monko o monate.
6. Ho hanyetsa hlobo: HEMC e na le khanyetso e ntle ea hlobo le botsitso bo botle ba ho teteana nakong ea polokelo ea nako e telele.
7. Botsitso ba PH: Ho teteana ha tharollo ya metsi ya dihlahiswa tsa HEMC ha ho amehe haholo ke asiti kapa alkali, mme boleng ba pH bo tsitsitse ka hara mefuta e pakeng tsa 3.0 le 11.0.
Kopo
Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose e ka sebelisoa e le moemeli oa tšireletso oa colloidal, emulsifier le dispersant ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa eona o sebetsang holim'a metsi tharollong. Mehlala ea ts'ebeliso ea eona ke e latelang:
1. Tšusumetso ea hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ts'ebetsong ea samente. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ke phofo e tšoeu e se nang monko, e se nang tatso, e se nang chefo e ka qhibilihang ka metsing a batang ho etsa tharollo e bonaletsang e nang le viscous. E na le litšobotsi tsa ho teteana, ho tlama, ho qhalakanya, ho kopanya, ho etsa filimi, ho emisa, ho monya, ho etsa gelling, ho sebetsa holim'a metsi, ho boloka mongobo le ho sireletsa colloid. Kaha tharollo ea metsi e na le mosebetsi o sebetsang holim'a metsi, e ka sebelisoa e le moemeli oa tšireletso ea colloidal, emulsifier le dispersant. Tharollo ea metsi ea Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose e na le hydrophilicity e ntle 'me ke moemeli ea sebetsang hantle oa ho boloka metsi.
2. Pente e tenyetsehang haholo ea ho imolla e lokisoa, e entsoeng ka thepa e tala e latelang ka likarolo tse itseng ka boima: 150-200 g ea metsi a hloekisitsoeng; 60-70 g ea emulsion e hloekileng ea acrylic; 550-650 g ea calcium e boima; 70-90 g ea phofo ea talcum; Tharollo ea metsi ea cellulose ea motheo 30-40g; tharollo ea metsi ea lignocellulose 10-20g; thuso ea ho etsa filimi 4-6g; antiseptic le fungicide 1.5-2.5g; dispersant 1.8-2.2g; setlolo sa ho kolobisa 1.8-2.2g; 3.5-4.5g; Ethylene glycol 9-11g; Tharollo ea metsi ea hydroxyethyl methylcellulose e etsoa ka ho qhala 2-4% hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ka metsing; Tharollo ea metsi ea lignocellulose e entsoe ka 1-3% Lignocellulose e etsoa ka ho qhala ka metsing.
Litokisetso
Mokhoa oa ho lokisa hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, mokhoa ke hore k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng e sebelisoe e le thepa e tala, 'me ethylene oxide e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa etherification ho lokisa hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Likarolo tse boima tsa thepa e tala bakeng sa ho lokisa hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ke tse latelang: likarolo tse 700-800 tsa toluene le motsoako oa isopropanol e le solvent, likarolo tse 30-40 tsa metsi, likarolo tse 70-80 tsa sodium hydroxide, likarolo tse 80-85 tsa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng, lesale la likarolo tse 20-28 tsa oxy ethane, likarolo tse 80-90 tsa methyl chloride, likarolo tse 16-19 tsa glacial acetic acid; mehato e tobileng ke:
Mohato oa pele, ka ketleleng ea karabelo, eketsa motsoako oa toluene le isopropanol, metsi, le sodium hydroxide, futhumatsa ho fihlela ho 60-80 ° C, e boloke e futhumetse metsotso e 20-40;
Mohato oa bobeli, ho etsa alkalize: pholisa thepa e ka holimo ho 30-50°C, eketsa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng, fafatsa toluene le motsoako oa isopropanol solvent, hloekisa ka vacuum cleaner ho 0.006Mpa, tlatsa naetrojene bakeng sa libaka tse 3 tse nkeloang sebaka, 'me u phethe ka mor'a ho etsa Alkalinization, maemo a alkalize ke: nako ea alkalize ke lihora tse 2, 'me mocheso oa alkalize ke 30°C ho isa ho 50°C;
Mohato oa boraro, ho etsa etherification: ka mor'a hore alkalization e phetheloe, reactor e tlosoa ho 0.05-0.07MPa, 'me ethylene oxide le methyl chloride li eketsoa metsotso e 30-50; mohato oa pele oa ho etsa etherification: 40-60°C, Lihora tse 1.0-2.0, khatello e laoloa pakeng tsa 0.15 le 0.3Mpa; mohato oa bobeli oa ho etsa etherification: 60～90℃, lihora tse 2.0～2.5, khatello e laoloa pakeng tsa 0.4 le 0.8Mpa;
Mohato wa bone, ho se hlolehe: eketsa glacial acetic acid e lekantsweng esale pele ka ketleleng ya pula, tobetsa ka hara thepa e nang le ether bakeng sa ho se hlolehehe, phahamisa mocheso ho 75-80°C bakeng sa pula, mocheso o nyolohela ho 102°C, mme boleng ba pH bo fumanwa bo le 6 Ka hora ya borobedi, ho se hlolehehe ho phethetswe; tanka ya ho se hlolehe e tlatswa ka metsi a pompo a phekotsweng ke sesebediswa sa reverse osmosis ho 90°C ho isa ho 100°C;
Mohato oa bohlano, ho hlatsoa ka centrifugal: thepa e mohatong oa bone e kenngoa ka centrifuge ka screw centrifuge e otlolohileng, 'me thepa e arohaneng e fetisetsoa tanka ea ho hlatsoa e tletseng metsi a chesang esale pele bakeng sa ho hlatsoa thepa;
Mohato oa botšelela, ho omisa ka sekontirifu: thepa e hlatsoitsoeng e fetisetsoa ka har'a sesebelisoa sa ho omisa ka sekontirifu se otlolohileng, 'me thepa e omisoa mochesong oa 150-170°C, 'me thepa e omisitsoeng ea siloa le ho pakoa.
Ha ho bapisoa le theknoloji e teng ea tlhahiso ea ether ea cellulose, tlhahiso ena e sebelisa ethylene oxide e le moemeli oa etherification ho lokisa hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, e nang le khanyetso e ntle ea hlobo ka lebaka la ho ba le lihlopha tsa hydroxyethyl. E na le botsitso bo botle ba viscosity le khanyetso ea hlobo nakong ea polokelo ea nako e telele. E ka sebelisoa ho e-na le li-ether tse ling tsa cellulose.
Nako ea poso: Mmesa-25-2024