Bayani da Bayani
Cellulose ether wani abu ne da ake amfani da shi sosai a fannin sinadarai masu kyau da aka yi daga cellulose na halitta ta hanyar maganin sinadarai. Bayan ƙera cellulose nitrate da cellulose acetate a ƙarni na 19, masana kimiyya sun ƙirƙiro jerin abubuwan da suka samo asali daga cellulose ethers da yawa, kuma an ci gaba da gano sabbin fannoni na amfani, waɗanda suka shafi fannoni da yawa na masana'antu. Kayayyakin Cellulose ether kamar sodiumcellulose carboxymethyl (CMC), ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC)kumamethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC)da sauran ƙwayoyin cellulose ethers ana kiransu da "monosodium glutamate na masana'antu" kuma ana amfani da su sosai a haƙo mai, gini, shafa mai, abinci, magani da sinadarai na yau da kullun.
Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (MHPC) wani farin foda ne mara ƙamshi, mara ɗanɗano, mara guba wanda za a iya narkar da shi a cikin ruwan sanyi don samar da ruwan da ke da ɗanɗano mai haske. Yana da halaye na kauri, ɗaurewa, warwatsewa, emulsifying, samar da fim, dakatarwa, shawa, gelling, aiki a saman, kiyaye danshi da kuma kare colloid. Saboda aikin saman ruwan, ana iya amfani da shi azaman wakili mai kariya daga colloidal, emulsifier da warwatsewa. Maganin ruwa na Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose yana da kyakkyawan hydrophilicity kuma wakili ne mai inganci na riƙe ruwa. Saboda hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin hydroxyethyl, yana da kyakkyawan ikon hana mildew, kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na danko da juriya ga mildew a lokacin ajiya na dogon lokaci.
Ana shirya Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) ta hanyar shigar da abubuwan maye gurbin ethylene oxide (MS 0.3~0.4) cikin methylcellulose (MC), kuma juriyar gishirinsa ta fi ta polymers marasa gyara kyau. Zafin gelation na methylcellulose shima ya fi na MC girma.
Tsarin gini
Fasali
Babban halayen hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) sune:
1. Narkewa: Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa da wasu sinadarai na halitta. Ana iya narke HEMC a cikin ruwan sanyi. Mafi girman yawansa ana tantance shi ne kawai ta hanyar danko. Narkewa ya bambanta da danko. Mafi ƙarancin danko, haka nan mafi girman narkewa.
2. Juriyar Gishiri: Kayayyakin HEMC ba su da sinadarin cellulose ethers kuma ba polyelectrolytes ba ne, don haka suna da ƙarfi sosai a cikin ruwan da ke cikinsa idan akwai gishirin ƙarfe ko electrolytes na halitta, amma ƙarin electrolytes da yawa na iya haifar da gelation da hazo.
3. Ayyukan saman: Saboda aikin saman ruwan da ke aiki, ana iya amfani da shi azaman maganin kariya daga colloidal, emulsifier da kuma mai watsawa.
4. Gel mai zafi: Idan aka dumama ruwan ruwan kayayyakin HEMC zuwa wani zafin jiki, zai zama ba ya bayyana, gels, kuma ya yi ambaliya, amma idan aka ci gaba da sanyaya shi, yana komawa ga yanayin ruwan da aka samo asali, kuma zafin da wannan gel da ruwan sama ke faruwa galibi ya dogara ne da man shafawa, kayan taimako na dakatarwa, colloids masu kariya, emulsifiers da sauransu.
5. Rashin kuzarin metabolism da ƙarancin wari da ƙamshi: Ana amfani da HEMC sosai a abinci da magani saboda ba za a haɗa shi da sinadarai ba kuma yana da ƙarancin wari da ƙamshi.
6. Juriyar ƙura: HEMC yana da juriyar ƙura mai kyau da kuma kwanciyar hankali mai kyau a lokacin ajiya na dogon lokaci.
7. Kwanciyar PH: Danko na ruwan maganin kayayyakin HEMC ba shi da tasiri sosai ta hanyar acid ko alkali, kuma ƙimar pH ɗin tana da ƙarfi sosai a cikin kewayon 3.0 zuwa 11.0.
Aikace-aikace
Ana iya amfani da Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose a matsayin wakili mai kariya daga colloidal, emulsifier da kuma warwatsewa saboda aikinsa a saman ruwa. Misalan amfani da shi sune kamar haka:
1. Tasirin hydroxyethyl methylcellulose akan aikin siminti. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose fari ne mara ƙamshi, mara ɗanɗano, kuma mara guba wanda za'a iya narkar da shi a cikin ruwan sanyi don samar da mafita mai haske. Yana da halaye na kauri, ɗaurewa, warwatsewa, emulsifying, samar da fim, dakatarwa, shawa, gelling, aiki a saman, kiyaye danshi da kuma kare colloid. Tunda ruwan yana da aiki mai aiki a saman, ana iya amfani da shi azaman wakili mai kariya daga colloidal, emulsifier da warwatsewa. Ruwan Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose yana da kyakkyawan hydrophilicity kuma wakili ne mai inganci na riƙe ruwa.
2. An shirya fenti mai sassauƙa mai sassauƙa, wanda aka yi daga kayan da aka yi amfani da su a sassa daban-daban bisa ga nauyi: 150-200 g na ruwan da aka cire ion; 60-70 g na tsantsar acrylic emulsion; 550-650 g na babban calcium; 70-90 g na foda talcum; Maganin ruwa na tushe cellulose 30-40g; maganin ruwa na lignocellulose 10-20g; taimakon samar da fim 4-6g; maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta 1.5-2.5g; mai wartsakewa 1.8-2.2g; maganin jika 1.8-2.2g; 3.5-4.5g; Ethylene glycol 9-11g; Maganin ruwa na hydroxyethyl methylcellulose ana yin sa ne ta hanyar narke 2-4% hydroxyethyl methylcellulose a cikin ruwa; Maganin ruwa na lignocellulose an yi shi ne da kashi 1-3% Lignocellulose ana yin sa ne ta hanyar narkewa a cikin ruwa.
Shiri
Hanyar shiri ta hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hanyar ita ce ana amfani da auduga mai tsafta azaman kayan aiki na asali, kuma ana amfani da ethylene oxide azaman wakilin etherification don shirya hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Nauyin sassan kayan aiki don shirya hydroxyethyl methylcellulose sune kamar haka: sassan toluene da isopropanol 700-800 a matsayin mai narkewa, sassan ruwa 30-40, sassan sodium hydroxide 70-80, sassan auduga mai tsafta 80-85, zobe sassan 20-28 na oxy ethane, sassan 80-90 na methyl chloride, sassan 16-19 na glacial acetic acid; matakan musamman sune:
Mataki na farko, a cikin kettle na amsawa, ƙara cakuda toluene da isopropanol, ruwa, da sodium hydroxide, a dumama har zuwa 60-80 ° C, a ajiye a cikin ɗumi na minti 20-40;
Mataki na biyu, alkalization: sanyaya kayan da ke sama zuwa 30-50°C, ƙara auduga mai ladabi, fesa maganin toluene da isopropanol, a bar shi ya huce zuwa 0.006Mpa, a cika nitrogen na maye gurbinsu sau 3, sannan a yi bayan an maye gurbin Alkalinization, yanayin alkalization sune: lokacin alkalization shine awanni 2, kuma zafin alkalization shine 30°C zuwa 50°C;
Mataki na uku, etherification: bayan an kammala alkalization, ana kwashe reactor zuwa 0.05-0.07MPa, sannan a ƙara ethylene oxide da methyl chloride na tsawon mintuna 30-50; mataki na farko na etherification: 40-60°C, 1.0-2.0 Awa, ana sarrafa matsin tsakanin 0.15 da 0.3Mpa; mataki na biyu na etherification: 60~90℃, 2.0~2.5 hours, ana sarrafa matsin tsakanin 0.4 da 0.8Mpa;
Mataki na huɗu, rage zafi: ƙara glacial acetic acid da aka auna a gaba a cikin kettle na hazo, danna kayan da aka kunna don rage zafi, ɗaga zafin zuwa 75-80°C don hazo, zafin ya tashi zuwa 102°C, kuma an gano ƙimar pH ta zama 6. Da ƙarfe 8, an kammala rage zafi; an cika tankin rage zafi da ruwan famfo da aka yi wa magani ta hanyar na'urar osmosis ta baya a 90°C zuwa 100°C;
Mataki na biyar, wankewar centrifugal: kayan da ke mataki na huɗu ana sanya su a cikin injin centrifuge mai kwance, sannan a mayar da kayan da aka raba zuwa tankin wanka da aka cika da ruwan zafi a gaba don wanke kayan;
Mataki na shida, busar da injin centrifugal: ana shigar da kayan da aka wanke cikin na'urar busar da kaya ta hanyar injin centrifuge mai kwance, sannan a busar da kayan a zafin 150-170°C, sannan a niƙa busar da kayan a cikin na'urar.
Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar samar da ether cellulose da ake da ita, wannan ƙirƙira tana amfani da ethylene oxide a matsayin wakili na etherification don shirya hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, wanda ke da kyakkyawan juriya ga mildew saboda yana ɗauke da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyethyl. Yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali da juriya ga mildew a lokacin ajiya na dogon lokaci. Ana iya amfani da shi maimakon sauran ethers cellulose.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-25-2024