Cellulose ether ni ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bikomoka kuri polymer karemano, bifite imiterere yo gukurura no gukurura. Mu bwoko bwinshi, HPMC ni yo ifite umusaruro mwinshi kandi ikoreshwa cyane, kandi umusaruro wayo uri kwiyongera cyane.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu, umusaruro wa eteri ya selulose mu gihugu cyanjye wariyongereye buri mwaka. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga byo mu gihugu, eteri za selulose zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zasabaga ibicuruzwa byinshi bitumizwa mu mahanga ubu ziragenda zishyirwa mu gihugu, kandi ingano y’eteri za selulose zo mu gihugu zikomeje kwiyongera. Amakuru agaragaza ko kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ugushyingo 2020, eteri ya selulose yo mu Bushinwa yoherejwe mu mahanga yageze kuri toni 64.806, ubwiyongere bwa 14.2% buri mwaka, ugereranyije n’ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu mwaka wose wa 2019.
Ingano ya eteri ya selulosi iterwa n'izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ipamba:
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya eteri ya selulosi birimo ibikomoka ku buhinzi n'amashyamba birimo ipamba itunganyijwe n'ibikomoka ku binyabutabire birimo propylene oxide. Ibikoresho by'ibanze bya ipamba itunganyijwe ni ipamba. Igihugu cyanjye gifite umusaruro mwinshi w'ipamba, kandi ahantu hakorerwa ipamba higanjemo i Shandong, Xinjiang, Hebei, Jiangsu n'ahandi. Ipamba itunganyijwe ni nyinshi cyane kandi ziraboneka cyane.
Ipamba ifite igice kinini mu miterere y’ubukungu bw’ibicuruzwa, kandi igiciro cyayo kigirwaho ingaruka n’ibintu byinshi nko mu miterere karemano n’ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga bitangwa n’ibikenewe. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ibikomoka ku binyabutabire nka propylene oxyde na methyl chloride nabyo bigira ingaruka ku biciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga. Kubera ko ibikoresho fatizo bigize igice kinini mu miterere y’ibiciro bya eteri ya selulose, ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku giciro cyo kugurisha eteri ya selulose.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’igitutu cy’ibiciro, abakora eteri ya cellulose bakunze kwimurira igitutu mu nganda zikiri inyuma y’ubutaka, ariko ingaruka zo kwimurira ziterwa n’ubukana bw’ibicuruzwa bya tekiniki, ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibicuruzwa n’agaciro k’inyongera ku giciro cy’ibicuruzwa. Ubusanzwe, ibigo bifite imbogamizi nyinshi mu bya tekiniki, ibyiciro by’ibicuruzwa bikungahaye, n’agaciro k’inyongera bifite inyungu nyinshi, kandi ibigo bizakomeza kugira urwego ruhamye rw’inyungu mbumbe; bitabaye ibyo, ibigo bigomba guhura n’igitutu cy’ibiciro kinini. Byongeye kandi, niba ibidukikije byo hanze bidahamye kandi ingano y’ihindagurika ry’ibicuruzwa ari nini, ibigo by’ibikoresho fatizo byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byiteguye guhitamo abakiriya bakomeye bafite umusaruro munini kandi bafite imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo bibone inyungu ku gihe mu bukungu no kugabanya ibyago. Kubwibyo, ibi bigabanya iterambere ry’ibigo bito bya eteri ya cellulose ku rugero runaka.
Imiterere y'Isoko Rikiri Nyuma:
Bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga, isoko ry’ibikenewe mu buryo burambye rizakura uko bikwiye. Muri icyo gihe, biteganijwe ko umubare w’ibikenewe mu buryo burambye uzakomeza kwaguka, kandi ibikenewe mu buryo burambye bizagumana iterambere rihamye. Mu miterere y’isoko rya cellulose ether, ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, ubushakashatsi kuri peteroli, ibiribwa n’ibindi bikoresho bifite umwanya munini. Muri byo, urwego rw’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi ni rwo runini rw’abaguzi, rufite urwego rurenga 30%.
Inganda z'ubwubatsi ni zo zitanga umusaruro munini w'ibicuruzwa bya HPMC:
Mu nganda z'ubwubatsi, ibicuruzwa bya HPMC bigira uruhare runini mu guhuza no kubika amazi. Nyuma yo kuvanga HPMC nke na sima, bishobora kongera ubukana, imbaraga zo gukurura no gukata sima, sima, ibifunga, nibindi, bityo bikanoza imikorere y'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, bikanoza ireme ry'ubwubatsi n'imikorere myiza y'ubwubatsi. Byongeye kandi, HPMC ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukora no gutwara sima y'ubucuruzi, ishobora gufunga amazi no kongera imikorere ya sima. Kuri ubu, HPMC ni yo eteri nyamukuru ya cellulose ikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo gufunga inyubako.
Inganda z'ubwubatsi ni inkingi ikomeye y'ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye. Amakuru agaragaza ko ubuso bw'ubwubatsi bw'amazu bwiyongereye kuva kuri metero kare miliyari 7.08 mu 2010 kugera kuri metero kare miliyari 14.42 mu 2019, ibi bikaba byarateye imbere cyane isoko rya eteri ya cellulose.
Iterambere ry’inganda zicuruza amazu y’ubucuruzi ryariyongereye, kandi urwego rw’ubwubatsi n’ubucuruzi rwiyongereye uko umwaka ugenda uhita. Amakuru rusange agaragaza ko muri 2020, igabanuka rya buri kwezi ry’urwego rushya rw’ubwubatsi bw’amazu y’ubucuruzi ryagiye rigabanuka, kandi igabanuka ry’umwaka ushize ryabaye 1.87%. Muri 2021, biteganijwe ko gahunda yo kuzamuka kw’amazu izakomeza. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’urwego rw’ubucuruzi rw’amazu y’ubucuruzi n’inyubako z’amazu cyariyongereye kigera kuri 104.9%, bikaba ari ukwiyongera gukomeye.
Gucukura amavuta:
Isoko ry’inganda zikora ibijyanye no gucukura rigizweho ingaruka cyane cyane n’ishoramari ku rwego rw’isi mu bucukuzi no mu iterambere, aho hafi 40% by’ibikorwa by’ubushakashatsi ku isi byibanda kuri serivisi z’ubucukuzi.
Mu gihe cyo gucukura peteroli, amazi yo gucukura agira uruhare runini mu gutwara no guhagarika ibicamo, gukomeza inkuta z'imyobo no kuringaniza umuvuduko wo gukora, gukonjesha no gusiga amavuta ku bicukura, no kohereza imbaraga za hydrodynamic. Kubwibyo, mu kazi ko gucukura peteroli, ni ngombwa cyane kubungabunga ubushuhe bukwiye, ubukana, ubushuhe n'ibindi bimenyetso by'amazi yo gucukura. Selulose ya polyanionic, PAC, ishobora gukurura, gushyira amavuta ku gicukura, no kohereza imbaraga za hydrodynamic. Bitewe n'imiterere y'ubutaka mu gace gabikwa peteroli n'ingorane zo gucukura, hari ubwinshi bw'abakeneye PAC.
Inganda zikora ibikoresho by'imiti:
Etha za cellulose zitari ionic zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’imiti nk’ibintu bifasha mu miti nk’ibinini, ibinyabutabire, ibinyabutabire n’ibitera filime. Ikoreshwa mu gusiga filime no gufunga ibinini by’imiti, kandi ishobora no gukoreshwa mu gusunika, gutegura amaso, ibinini birebire, nibindi. Kubera ko etha ya cellulose yo mu rwego rwa farumasi ikenera cyane ubuziranenge n’ubukana bw’umuti, uburyo bwo kuyikora buragoye kandi hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyimesa. Ugereranyije n’izindi ngano z’ibicuruzwa bya etha za cellulose, igipimo cyo kuyikusanya kiri hasi kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyikora kiri hejuru, ariko agaciro k’umuti nako kari hejuru. Ibintu bifasha mu miti bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutegura ibintu nk’ibinyabutabire, imiti y’abashinwa n’ibikomoka kuri biokemikali.
Bitewe n’uko inganda zikora imiti mu gihugu cyanjye zatangiye mu gihe gito, urwego rw’iterambere muri rusange ruri hasi, kandi imikorere y’inganda ikwiye kunozwa kurushaho. Mu gaciro k’umusaruro w’imiti ikoreshwa mu gihugu, agaciro k’imiti ikoreshwa mu gihugu kangana na 2% kugeza kuri 3%, ari na ko kari hasi cyane ugereranyije n’umubare w’imiti ikoreshwa mu mahanga, ni ukuvuga hafi 15%. Bigaragara ko imiti ikoreshwa mu gihugu igifite umwanya munini wo kuyitera imbere. Biteganijwe ko bizamura neza isoko rya ether ya cellulose.
Ukurikije umusaruro wa ether yo mu gihugu, Shandong Head ifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukora, ingana na 12.5% by'ubushobozi bwose bwo gukora, igakurikirwa na Shandong RUITAI, Shandong YITENG, North TIANPU Chemical n'izindi nganda. Muri rusange, irushanwa mu nganda rirakomeye, kandi byitezwe ko umubare w'abakora uzakomeza kwiyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-29-2023