Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela zokuqhekeka kokuplasta ungqimba lwe-gypsum
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwesizathu sokuplasta izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-gypsum
a) Iplasta yesakhiwo engafaneleki
I-gypsum yokwakha iqukethe okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-gypsum e-dihydrate, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni okusheshayo kwe-gypsum yokuplasta. Ukuze i-gypsum yokuplasta ibe nesikhathi esifanele sokuvula, kufanele kwengezwe i-retarder eyengeziwe ukuze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu; i-gypsum encibilikayo engamanzi esakhiweni se-gypsum AIII Okuqukethwe okuphezulu, ukwandiswa kwe-AIII kunamandla kune-gypsum ye-β-hemihydrate esigabeni sakamuva, futhi ushintsho lwevolumu ye-gypsum yokuplasta alulingani ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa, okubangela ukuqhekeka okukhulu; okuqukethwe kwe-gypsum ye-β-hemihydrate ephulukisayo esakhiweni se-gypsum kuphansi, futhi ngisho nenani eliphelele le-calcium sulfate liphansi; I-gypsum yokwakha itholakala ku-gypsum yamakhemikhali, ubuncane buncane, futhi kunezimpushana eziningi ezingaphezu kwe-mesh engu-400; usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-gypsum yokwakha ungowodwa futhi akukho ukuhlukaniswa.
b) Izithasiselo ezingaphansi kwezinga elifanele
Akukho ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-pH obusebenza kakhulu be-retarder; ukusebenza kahle kwejeli kwe-retarder kuphansi, inani lokusetshenziswa likhulu, amandla e-gypsum yokuplasta ancishisiwe kakhulu, isikhawu esiphakathi kwesikhathi sokuqala sokusetha nesikhathi sokugcina sokusetha side; izinga lokugcina amanzi le-cellulose ether liphansi, ukulahleka kwamanzi kuyashesha; i-cellulose ether iyancibilika kancane, ayifanele ukwakhiwa kokufutha ngomshini.
Isixazululo:
a) Khetha i-gypsum yokwakha efanelekile futhi ezinzile, isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha singaphezu kwemizuzu emi-3, kanti amandla okuguquguquka angaphezu kwe-3MPa.
b) Khethai-cellulose etherenosayizi omncane wezinhlayiya kanye namandla okugcina amanzi amahle kakhulu.
c) Khetha i-retarder engenawo umthelela omkhulu ekusethweni kwe-plastering gypsum.
2. Ukuhlaziywa kwesizathu sabasebenzi bokwakha
a) Usonkontileka wephrojekthi uqasha abaqhubi abangenalo ulwazi lokwakha futhi akenzi ukuqeqeshwa okuhlelekile kokungeniswa. Izisebenzi zokwakha azikakwazi kahle izici eziyisisekelo kanye nezinto ezibalulekile zokwakha zokuplasta i-gypsum, futhi azikwazi ukusebenza ngokwemithetho yokwakha.
b) Ukuphathwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi kweyunithi yezinkontileka zobunjiniyela kubuthakathaka, abekho abasebenzi bokuphatha endaweni yokwakha, futhi imisebenzi engahambisani nemithetho yabasebenzi ayinakulungiswa ngesikhathi;
c) Iningi lemisebenzi yokuplasta kanye neyokuplasta nge-gypsum isesimweni somsebenzi wokuhlanza, igxile kubuningi futhi inganaki ikhwalithi.
Isixazululo:
a) Osonkontileka bephrojekthi abaplasta baqinisa ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini futhi benze ukudalulwa kobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokwakha.
b) Ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kwezindawo zokwakha.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwesizathu sokufakwa kweplasta
a) Amandla okugcina e-plastering gypsum aphansi futhi awakwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokuncipha okubangelwa ukulahleka kwamanzi; amandla aphansi e-plastering gypsum abangelwa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingafaneleki noma ifomula engafanele.
b) Ukumelana nokugoba kwe-gypsum yokuplasta akufanelekile, futhi i-gypsum yokuplasta iqoqana phansi, futhi ukujiya kukhulu, okubangela imifantu ephambene.
c) Isikhathi sokuxuba se-plastering gypsum mortar sifushane, okuholela ekuxubeni okungalingani kwe-mortar, amandla aphansi, ukuncishiswa kanye nokwanda okungalingani kwengqimba ye-plastering gypsum.
d) Udaka lwe-gypsum oluplastayo olubekwe ekuqaleni lungasetshenziswa futhi ngemva kokufaka amanzi.
Isixazululo:
a) Sebenzisa i-gypsum yokuplasta efanelekile, ehlangabezana nezidingo ze-GB/T28627-2012.
b) Sebenzisa imishini yokuxuba ehambisanayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-plastering gypsum namanzi kuxutshwe ngokulinganayo.
c) Akuvunyelwe ukufaka amanzi ku-mortar ebekwe ekuqaleni, bese uyisebenzisa futhi
4. Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yezinto eziyisisekelo
a) Njengamanje, kusetshenziswa izinto ezintsha zodonga ekwakheni izakhiwo ezenziwe kusengaphambili, futhi i-coefficient yazo yokuncipha kokoma inkulu kakhulu. Uma ubudala bamabhulokhi bunganele, noma okuqukethwe komswakama kwamabhulokhi kuphezulu kakhulu, njll., ngemva kwesikhathi sokoma, kuzovela imifantu odongeni ngenxa yokulahlekelwa amanzi nokuncipha, futhi ungqimba lokuplasta nalo luzoqhekeka.
b) Ukuhlangana phakathi kwelungu lekhonkrithi lesakhiwo sohlaka kanye nezinto zodonga yilapho kuhlangana khona izinto ezimbili ezahlukene, futhi ama-coefficients azo okukhulisa ahlukile. Uma izinga lokushisa lishintsha, ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezimbili akuvumelaniswa, futhi kuzovela imifantu ehlukene. Amakholomu odonga avamile Imifantu eqondile phakathi kwemifantu kanye nemifantu evundlile phansi kogongolo.
c) Sebenzisa ifomu le-aluminium ukuthela ukhonkolo endaweni. Ubuso bekhonkrithi bubushelelezi futhi abunamathele kahle engqimbeni ye-plaster yokuplasta. Ingqimba ye-plaster yokuplasta isuswa kalula engqimbeni eyisisekelo, okubangela imifantu.
d) Izinto eziyisisekelo kanye ne-plastering gypsum zinomehluko omkhulu ebangeni lamandla, futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo esihlangene sokuncishiswa kokomisa nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukwanda kanye nokufinyela akuhambisani, ikakhulukazi lapho izinto ezisezingeni lesisekelo zodonga zinobukhulu obuphansi namandla aphansi, ungqimba lwe-plastering gypsum luvame ukukhiqiza iqhwa. Ukuqhekeka kokwelula, ngisho nendawo enkulu yokugoba. e) Ungqimba lwesisekelo lunezinga eliphezulu lokumunca amanzi kanye nesivinini sokumunca amanzi ngokushesha.
Isixazululo:
a) Isisekelo sekhonkrithi esisanda kufakwa kufanele some izinsuku eziyi-10 ehlobo kanye nezinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingama-20 ebusika ngaphansi kwesimo somoya omuhle. Ubuso bubushelelezi futhi isisekelo simunca amanzi ngokushesha. I-interface agent kufanele isetshenziswe;
b) Izinto zokuqinisa njengendwangu yegridi zisetshenziswa lapho kuhlangana khona izindonga zezinto ezahlukene
c) Izinto zokwakha odongeni ezilula kufanele zigcinwe zihlanzekile.
5. Ukuhlaziywa kwesizathu senqubo yokwakha
a) Isendlalelo sesisekelo somile kakhulu ngaphandle kokumanzisa kahle noma ukusebenzisa i-interface agent. I-plastering gypsum ithintana nesendlalelo sesisekelo, umswakama ku-plastering gypsum umuncwa ngokushesha, amanzi ayalahleka, futhi ivolumu yesendlalelo se-plastering gypsum iyancipha, okubangela imifantu, okuthinta ukwanda kwamandla nokunciphisa amandla okubopha.
b) Ikhwalithi yokwakha yesisekelo ayinhle, kanti ungqimba lwe-gypsum lokuplasta lwendawo lujiyile kakhulu. Uma i-plaster yokuplasta isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa, udaka luzowa bese lwenza imifantu evundlile.
c) Ukugoqwa kwe-hydroelectric akukaphathwa kahle. Izikhala ze-hydropower azigcwaliswa nge-gypsum ebambayo noma ukhonkolo wetshe elihle one-expansion agent, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kokuqhekeka, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwengqimba ye-gypsum yokuplasta.
d) Akukho ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwezimbambo zokubhoboza, futhi ungqimba lwe-gypsum oluplastayo olwakhiwe endaweni enkulu luyaqhekeka ezimbambeni zokubhoboza.
Isixazululo:
a) Sebenzisa i-interface esezingeni eliphezulu ukwelapha ungqimba lwesisekelo ngamandla aphansi kanye nokumuncwa kwamanzi ngokushesha.
b) Ubukhulu bengqimba ye-gypsum yokuplasta bukhulu kakhulu, budlula ama-50mm, futhi kumele bukhuhlwe ngezigaba.
c) Ukuqalisa inqubo yokwakha nokuqinisa ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi kwendawo yokwakha.
6. Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yendawo yokwakha
a) Isimo sezulu somile futhi siyashisa.
b) Isivinini somoya esiphezulu
c) Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nehlobo, izinga lokushisa liphezulu kanti nomswakama uphansi.
Isixazululo:
a) Ukwakhiwa akuvunyelwe uma kunomoya onamandla wezinga lesihlanu noma ngaphezulu, futhi ukwakhiwa akuvunyelwe uma izinga lokushisa elizungezile liphakeme kune-40 ℃.
b) Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nehlobo, lungisa ifomula yokukhiqiza ye-plastering gypsum.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-25-2024