1. I-Methylcellulose (MC)
Emva kokuba umqhaphu ocociweyo uphathwe nge-alkali, i-cellulose ether iveliswa ngothotho lweempendulo kunye ne-methane chloride njenge-etherification agent. Ngokubanzi, inqanaba lokutshintshwa yi-1.6 ~ 2.0, kwaye ukunyibilika nako kwahlukile ngeqondo lokutshintshwa kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Yeye-non-ionic cellulose ether.
(1) I-Methylcellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, kwaye kuya kuba nzima ukuyinyibilikisa emanzini ashushu. Isisombululo sayo samanzi sizinzile kakhulu kuluhlu lwe-pH=3~12. Ihambelana kakuhle nesitatshi, i-guar gum, njl.njl. kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibangela ukunyibilika. Xa ubushushu bufikelela kubushushu be-gelation, i-gelation iyenzeka.
(2) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bayo bokongeza, ukuxinana, ukucoleka kwamasuntswana kunye nesantya sokunyibilika. Ngokubanzi, ukuba ubungakanani bokongeza bukhulu, ukucoleka buncinci, kwaye ukucoleka kukhulu, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi liphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, ubungakanani bokongeza bunempembelelo enkulu kwisantya sokugcinwa kwamanzi, kwaye inqanaba lokucoleka alihambelani ngokuthe ngqo nenqanaba lokugcinwa kwamanzi. Isantya sokunyibilika sixhomekeke kakhulu kwinqanaba lokuguqulwa komphezulu wamasuntswana e-cellulose kunye nokucoleka kwamasuntswana. Phakathi kwee-ethers ze-cellulose ezingentla, i-methyl cellulose kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zinamazinga aphezulu okugcinwa kwamanzi.
(3) Utshintsho kubushushu luya kuchaphazela kakhulu izinga lokugcina amanzi le-methyl cellulose. Ngokubanzi, xa ubushushu buphezulu, kokukhona ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuba kubi. Ukuba ubushushu be-mortar budlula ama-40°C, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose kuya kuncipha kakhulu, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwe-mortar.
(4) I-Methyl cellulose inefuthe elikhulu ekwakhiweni nasekunamatheleni kwe-mortar. "Ukuncamathela" apha kubhekisa kumandla okuncamathela avakalayo phakathi kwesixhobo sokusebenzisa somsebenzi kunye ne-substrate yodonga, oko kukuthi, ukumelana nokucheba kwe-mortar. Ukuncamathela kuphezulu, ukumelana nokucheba kwe-mortar kukhulu, kwaye amandla afunekayo ngabasebenzi kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa nawo makhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar kuphantsi. Ukunamathela kwe-Methyl cellulose kukwinqanaba eliphakathi kwiimveliso ze-cellulose ether.
2. IHydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose luhlobo lwe-cellulose oluphumayo kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Luhlobo lwe-non-ionic cellulose mixed ether olwenziwe ngekotoni ecociweyo emva kwe-alkalization, kusetyenziswa i-propylene oxide kunye ne-methyl chloride njenge-etherification agent, ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweempendulo. Iqondo lokutshintshwa ngokubanzi yi-1.2 ~ 2.0. Iimpawu zalo zahlukile ngenxa yemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yomxholo we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo we-hydroxypropyl.
(1) I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inyibilika lula emanzini abandayo, kwaye iya kujongana nobunzima ekunyibilikeni emanzini ashushu. Kodwa ubushushu bayo be-gelation emanzini ashushu buphezulu kakhulu kunobo be-methyl cellulose. Ukunyibilika emanzini abandayo nako kuphuculwe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-methyl cellulose.
(2) Ubunzima be-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bunxulumene nobunzima bayo beemolekyuli, kwaye okukhona ubunzima be-molekyuli bukhulu, kokukhona ubuninzi be-viscosity buphezulu. Ubushushu bukwachaphazela nobunzima bayo, njengoko ubushushu busanda, ubuninzi be-viscosity buyancipha. Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi be-viscosity bunefuthe eliphantsi lobushushu kune-methyl cellulose. Isisombululo sayo sizinzile xa sigcinwe kubushushu begumbi.
(3) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bayo bokongeza, i-viscosity, njl.njl., kwaye izinga layo lokugcina amanzi phantsi kobungakanani obufanayo bokongeza liphezulu kunele-methyl cellulose.
(4) I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose izinzile kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali, kwaye isisombululo sayo samanzi sizinzile kakhulu kuluhlu lwe-pH=2~12. I-Caustic soda kunye namanzi ekalika azinampembelelo ingako ekusebenzeni kwayo, kodwa i-alkali inokukhawulezisa ukunyibilika kwayo kwaye yonyuse i-viscosity yayo. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose izinzile kwi-viscosity eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa uxinzelelo lwe-viscosity ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ludla ngokwanda.
(5) I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingaxutywa nee-polymer compounds ezinyibilikayo emanzini ukuze zenze isisombululo esifanayo nesinoburhabaxa obuphezulu. Ezifana ne-polyvinyl alcohol, i-starch ether, i-vegetable gum, njl.njl.
(6) I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokumelana okungcono kwee-enzyme kune-methylcellulose, kwaye isisombululo sayo asinakuchaphazeleka kakhulu zii-enzyme kune-methylcellulose. Ukunamathela kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kulwakhiwo lwe-mortar kuphezulu kunokwe-methylcellulose.
3. I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)
Yenziwe ngekotoni ecociweyo exutywe ne-alkali, kwaye ixutywe ne-ethylene oxide njenge-etherification agent xa kukho i-acetone. Ubungakanani bokutshintshwa ngokubanzi yi-1.5 ~ 2.0. Inamandla okuthanda ukufuma kwaye kulula ukufunxa umswakama.
(1) I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, kodwa kunzima ukuyinyibilikisa emanzini ashushu. Isisombululo sayo sizinzile kubushushu obuphezulu ngaphandle kokufaka ijeli. Ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide kubushushu obuphezulu kwi-mortar, kodwa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwayo kuphantsi kune-methyl cellulose.
(2) I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose izinzile kwi-asidi eqhelekileyo kunye ne-alkali. I-Alkali inokukhawulezisa ukunyibilika kwayo kwaye inyuse kancinci i-viscosity yayo. Ukusasazeka kwayo emanzini kubi kancinci kunokwe-methyl cellulose kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(3) I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose inamandla amahle okulwa nokuwa kwesamente, kodwa inexesha elide lokulibazisa isamente.
(4) Ukusebenza kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose eveliswa ngamanye amashishini asekhaya ngokucacileyo kuphantsi kunokwe-methyl cellulose ngenxa yomthamo wayo wamanzi aphezulu kunye nomxholo womlotha ophezulu.
4. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
I-ether ye-ionic cellulose yenziwe ngeefayibha zendalo (ikotoni, njl.njl.) ephathwa nge-alkali kwaye isetyenziswa njenge-etherification agent ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweendlela zonyango zokusabela. Ubungakanani bokutshintshwa ngokubanzi yi-0.4 ~ 1.4, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu bubungakanani bokutshintshwa.
(1) I-Carboxymethyl cellulose i-hygroscopic ngakumbi, kwaye iya kuba namanzi amaninzi xa igcinwe phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.
(2) Isisombululo samanzi seCarboxymethyl cellulose asiyi kuvelisa ijeli, kwaye i-viscosity iya kuncipha xa ubushushu bunyuka. Xa ubushushu budlula i-50°C, i-viscosity ayinakuguqulwa.
(3) Uzinzo lwayo luchaphazeleka kakhulu yi-pH. Ngokubanzi, ingasetyenziswa kwi-motar esekelwe kwi-gypsum, kodwa hayi kwi-motar esekelwe kwisamente. Xa i-alkaline eninzi, ilahlekelwa yi-viscosity.
(4) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwayo kuphantsi kakhulu kune-methyl cellulose. Inefuthe lokulibazisa kwi-motar esekwe kwi-gypsum kwaye inciphisa amandla ayo. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le-carboxymethyl cellulose liphantsi kakhulu kunele-methyl cellulose.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-10-2023