Umxube omnye unemida ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-gypsum slurry. Ukuba ukusebenza kwe-gypsum mortar kuza kufezekisa iziphumo ezanelisayo kwaye kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, umxube weekhemikhali, umxube, izizalisi, kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zihlanganiswe kwaye zizaliswe ngendlela yesayensi nefanelekileyo.
01. Umlawuli wokuxinana kwegazi
Abalawuli bokuxinana bahlulwe ngokubanzi baba zii-retarders kunye nee-accelerators. Kwi-gypsum dry-mixed mortar, ii-retarders zisetyenziselwa iimveliso ezilungiselelwe nge-plaster ye-paris, kwaye ii-accelerators ziyimfuneko kwiimveliso ezilungiselelwe nge-anhydrous gypsum okanye kusetyenziswa ngqo i-dihydrate gypsum.
02. Umlindi
Ukongeza i-retarder kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum dry-mixed kuthintela inkqubo yokufunxa amanzi kwi-hemihydrate gypsum kwaye kwandisa ixesha lokuseta. Kukho iimeko ezininzi zokufunxa amanzi kwi-plaster, kubandakanya ukwakheka kwesigaba se-plaster, ubushushu bezinto ze-plaster xa ulungiselela iimveliso, ubuncinci be-particle, ixesha lokuseta kunye nexabiso le-pH yeemveliso ezilungisiweyo, njl. Into nganye inefuthe elithile kwisiphumo sokuzibamba, ngoko ke kukho umahluko omkhulu kubungakanani be-retarder kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, i-retarder engcono kwi-gypsum eTshayina yi-modified protein (high protein) retarder, enezibonelelo zexabiso eliphantsi, ixesha lokuzibamba ixesha elide, ukulahleka kwamandla amancinci, ukwakhiwa kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nexesha elide lokuvula. Isixa esisetyenziswa ekulungiseleleni i-stucco plaster yomaleko osezantsi ngokubanzi yi-0.06% ukuya kwi-0.15%.
03. I-Coagulant
Ukukhawulezisa ixesha lokuxuba i-slurry kunye nokwandisa isantya sokuxuba i-slurry yenye yeendlela zokukhawulezisa i-physical coagulation. Ii-chemical coagulants ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwizixhobo zokwakha i-anhydrite powder ziquka i-potassium chloride, i-potassium silicate, i-sulfate kunye nezinye izinto ze-asidi. Umlinganiselo ngokubanzi yi-0.2% ukuya kwi-0.4%.
04. Iarhente yokugcina amanzi
Izixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum dry-mix azinakwahlulwa kwiiarhente zokugcina amanzi. Ukuphucula izinga lokugcina amanzi kwi-gypsum product slurry kukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi anokubakho kwi-gypsum slurry ixesha elide, ukuze kufunyanwe isiphumo esihle sokuqina kwamanzi. Ukuphucula ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo zokwakha i-gypsum powder, ukunciphisa nokuthintela ukwahlulwa kunye nokopha kwe-gypsum slurry, ukuphucula ukugoba kwe-slurry, ukwandisa ixesha lokuvula, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki zomgangatho wobunjineli ezifana nokuqhekeka kunye nokugoba zonke azinakwahlulwa kwiiarhente zokugcina amanzi. Ukuba iarhente yokugcina amanzi ifanelekile kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekusasazeka kwayo, ukunyibilika kwangoko, ukubola, ukuzinza kobushushu kunye nepropati yokuqina, phakathi kwazo eyona index ibalulekileyo kukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Kukho iintlobo ezine zezinto zokugcina amanzi:
①Iarhente yokugcina amanzi e-cellulosic
Okwangoku, eyona isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimarike yi-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ilandelwa yi-methyl cellulose kunye ne-carboxymethyl cellulose. Ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kungcono kunokwe-methylcellulose, kwaye ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwezi zimbini kuphezulu kakhulu kunokwe-carboxymethylcellulose, kodwa isiphumo sokutyeba kunye nesiphumo sokubopha sibi kunese-carboxymethylcellulose. Kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum dry-mixed, ubungakanani be-hydroxypropyl kunye ne-methyl cellulose ngokubanzi buyi-0.1% ukuya kwi-0.3%, kwaye ubungakanani be-carboxymethyl cellulose buyi-0.5% ukuya kwi-1.0%. Inani elikhulu lemizekelo yokusetyenziswa libonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kwezi zimbini kungcono.
② Isixhobo sokugcina amanzi esisitatshi
I-arhente yokugcina amanzi esitatshi isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-gypsum putty kunye ne-surface plaster plaster, kwaye ingathatha indawo yenxalenye okanye yonke i-arhente yokugcina amanzi e-cellulose. Ukongeza i-arhente yokugcina amanzi esekwe kwisitatshi kwizixhobo zokwakha ze-gypsum dry powder kunokuphucula ukusebenza, ukusebenza, kunye nokuhambelana kwe-slurry. Ii-arhente zokugcina amanzi ezisekwe kwisitatshi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka i-tapioca starch, i-pregelatinized starch, i-carboxymethyl starch, kunye ne-carboxypropyl starch. Ubungakanani be-arhente yokugcina amanzi esekwe kwisitatshi ngokubanzi yi-0.3% ukuya kwi-1%. Ukuba ubungakanani bukhulu kakhulu, buza kubangela ukubola kweemveliso ze-gypsum kwindawo enomswakama, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ngqo umgangatho weprojekthi.
③ Isixhobo sokugcina amanzi ngeglue
Ezinye izincamathelisi ezikhawulezileyo nazo zingadlala indima engcono yokugcina amanzi. Umzekelo, i-17-88, i-24-88 polyvinyl alcohol powder, i-Tianqing gum kunye ne-guar gum zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum ezifana ne-gypsum, i-gypsum putty, kunye ne-gypsum insulation glue. Inganciphisa ubungakanani be-cellulose water retaining agent. Ingakumbi kwi-fast-bonding gypsum, ingathatha indawo ye-cellulose ether water-retaining agent kwezinye iimeko.
④ Izinto zokugcina amanzi ezingaphiliyo
Ukusetyenziswa kokudibanisa ezinye izinto zokugcina amanzi kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum kunokunciphisa inani lezinye izinto zokugcina amanzi, kunciphise iindleko zemveliso, kwaye kudlale indima ethile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-gypsum slurry. Izinto zokugcina amanzi ezingasetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka i-bentonite, i-kaolin, i-diatomaceous earth, i-zeolite powder, i-perlite powder, i-attapulgite clay, njl.
05.Isincamathelisi
Ukusetyenziswa kwezincamathelisi kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum dry-mixed kukwindawo yesibini emva kwezinto ezigcina amanzi kunye nezigcina amanzi. I-Gypsum self-leveling mortar, i-bonded gypsum, i-caulking gypsum, kunye ne-thermal insulation gypsum glue zonke azinakwahlulwa kwi-adhesives.
▲ Umgubo welatex ophinda uchitheke
Umgubo welatex ophinda ucocwe usetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-gypsum self-leveling mortar, i-gypsum insulation compound, i-gypsum caulking putty, njl. Ingakumbi kwi-gypsum self-leveling mortar, inokuphucula i-viscosity kunye nokugeleza kwe-slurry, kwaye ikwadlala indima enkulu ekunciphiseni i-delamination, ukuphepha ukopha, kunye nokuphucula ukumelana nokuqhekeka. Umthamo ngokubanzi yi-1.2% ukuya kwi-2.5%.
▲ Utywala be-polyvinyl obukhawulezayo
Okwangoku, i-instant polyvinyl alcohol esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimarike yi-24-88 kunye ne-17-88. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezifana ne-bonding gypsum, i-gypsum putty, i-gypsum composite thermal insulation compound, kunye ne-plastering plaster. 0.4% ukuya kwi-1.2%.
I-Guar gum, i-Tianqing gum, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-starch ether, njl. zonke zizinto zokuncamathelisa ezinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokubopha kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum.
06. Isiqinisi
Ukujiya ikakhulu kukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle nokugoba kwe-gypsum slurry, efana nezinto zokuncamathelisa kunye nezinto zokugcina amanzi, kodwa kungekhona ngokupheleleyo. Ezinye iimveliso zokujiya ziyasebenza ekujiyeni, kodwa azilungelanga ngokubhekiselele kumandla adibeneyo kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Xa kusenziwa izixhobo zokwakha ze-gypsum dry powder, indima ephambili ye-admixtures kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze kusetyenziswe i-admixtures ngcono nangakumbi ngokufanelekileyo. Iimveliso ze-thickener ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka i-polyacrylamide, i-Tianqing gum, i-guar gum, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, njl.
07. Iarhente yokungenisa umoya
I-air-entraining agent, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-foaming agent, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha ezixutywe ne-gypsum dry-mixed ezifana ne-gypsum insulation compound kunye ne-plaster plaster. I-air-entraining agent (i-foaming agent) inceda ukuphucula ulwakhiwo, ukumelana neentanda, ukumelana neqabaka, ukunciphisa ukopha kunye nokwahlukana, kwaye idosi ngokubanzi yi-0.01% ukuya kwi-0.02%.
08. Isicoci seDefoamer
I-Defoamer idla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-gypsum self-leveling mortar kunye ne-gypsum caulking putty, enokuphucula uxinano, amandla, ukumelana namanzi kunye nokuqina kwe-slurry, kwaye idosi ngokubanzi yi-0.02% ukuya kwi-0.04%.
09. Iarhente yokunciphisa amanzi
Iarhente yokunciphisa amanzi inokuphucula ukutyibilika kwe-gypsum slurry kunye namandla omzimba oqinisiweyo we-gypsum, kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-gypsum self-leveling mortar kunye ne-plaster plaster. Okwangoku, izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi eziveliswa ekhaya zidweliswa ngokweziphumo zazo zokutyibilika kunye namandla: izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezilahliweyo ze-polycarboxylate, izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezilahliweyo ze-melamine, izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ezilahliweyo ezisekelwe kwiti, kunye nezixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi ze-lignosulfonate. Xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokunciphisa amanzi kwizixhobo zokwakha ze-gypsum dry-mix, ukongeza ekuqwalaseleni ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye namandla, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ixesha lokubeka kunye nokulahleka kokutyibilika kwezixhobo zokwakha ze-gypsum ngokuhamba kwexesha.
10. Iarhente yokuthintela ukungenwa kwamanzi
Eyona ngxaki inkulu kwiimveliso zegypsum kukungangeni kakuhle kwamanzi. Iindawo ezinomoya ophezulu wokufuma zinemfuno ephezulu yokumelana namanzi kwi-motar exutywe ne-gypsum. Ngokubanzi, ukumelana namanzi kwi-gypsum eqinileyo kuyaphuculwa ngokongeza i-hydraulic admixtures. Kwimeko yamanzi amanzi okanye agcweleyo, ukongezwa kwangaphandle kwe-hydraulic admixtures kunokwenza i-softening coefficient yomzimba we-gypsum eqinileyo ifikelele ngaphezulu kwe-0.7, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zamandla emveliso. I-chemical admixtures ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukunyibilika kwe-gypsum (oko kukuthi, ukwandisa i-softening coefficient), ukunciphisa ukufunxwa kwe-gypsum emanzini (oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa izinga lokufunxwa kwamanzi) kunye nokunciphisa ukukhukuliseka komzimba we-gypsum eqinileyo (oko kukuthi, ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi). Ii-Gypsum proofing agents ziquka i-ammonium borate, i-sodium methyl silicone, i-silicone resin, i-emulsified paraffin wax, kunye ne-silicone emulsion proofing agent enefuthe elingcono.
11. Isikhuthazi esisebenzayo
Ukusebenza kwee-anhydrite zendalo nezekhemikhali kunika ukunamathela kunye namandla ekwenziweni kwezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum dry-mix. I-activator ye-asidi inokukhawulezisa izinga lokufunxa amanzi kwangoko kwe-gypsum engamanzi, ifinyeze ixesha lokuseta, kwaye iphucule amandla okuqala omzimba oqinisiweyo we-gypsum. I-activator esisiseko ayinampembelelo ingako kwizinga lokufunxa amanzi kwangoko kwe-gypsum engamanzi, kodwa inokuphucula kakhulu amandla okugqibela omzimba oqinisiweyo we-gypsum, kwaye inokuba yinxalenye yezinto ze-hydraulic gelling emzimbeni oqinisiweyo we-gypsum, iphucula ngempumelelo ukumelana kwamanzi kwesondo lomzimba oqinisiweyo we-gypsum. Isiphumo sokusebenzisa se-activator ye-acid-base compound singcono kuneso se-activator enye ye-acid okanye ye-basic. Izinto ezivuselela i-asidi ziquka i-potassium alum, i-sodium sulfate, i-potassium sulfate, njl. Izinto ezivuselela i-alkaline ziquka i-quicklime, isamente, i-cement clinker, i-calcined dolomite, njl.
12. I-lubricant ye-Thixotropic
Ii-lubricants ze-thixotropic zisetyenziswa kwi-gypsum okanye kwi-plastering gypsum ezizilawulayo, ezinokunciphisa ukumelana nokuhamba kwe-gypsum mortar, zandise ixesha elivulekileyo, zithintele ukufakwa kunye nokuhlaliswa kwe-slurry, ukuze i-slurry ifumane ukuthambisa okuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Kwangaxeshanye, ulwakhiwo lomzimba luyafana, kwaye amandla omphezulu wayo ayanda.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-20-2023