Haɗin gypsum guda ɗaya yana da iyaka wajen inganta aikin gypsum slurry. Idan ana son a cimma sakamako mai gamsarwa da kuma biyan buƙatun aikace-aikace daban-daban, ana buƙatar haɗa sinadarai, haɗa sinadarai, cikawa, da kayan aiki daban-daban su haɗu su kuma haɗa su ta hanyar kimiyya da hankali.
01. Mai kula da mannewar jini
Ana rarraba na'urorin daidaita ma'aunin haɗuwa zuwa retarders da accelerators. A cikin turmi mai gauraye da aka yi da gypsum busasshe, ana amfani da retarders don samfuran da aka shirya da plaster of paris, kuma ana buƙatar accelerators don samfuran da aka shirya da gypsum mai hana ruwa ko kuma kai tsaye ta amfani da gypsum mai narkewa.
02. Mai jinkirin tafiya
Ƙara retarder zuwa kayan gini na gypsum busasshe da aka haɗa yana hana tsarin ruwa na hemihydrate gypsum kuma yana tsawaita lokacin saitawa. Akwai yanayi da yawa don ruwa na plaster, gami da tsarin lokaci na plaster, zafin kayan plaster lokacin shirya samfura, ƙarancin barbashi, lokacin saitawa da ƙimar pH na samfuran da aka shirya, da sauransu. Kowane abu yana da tasiri kan tasirin ragewa, don haka akwai babban bambanci a cikin adadin retarder a cikin yanayi daban-daban. A halin yanzu, mafi kyawun retarder don gypsum a China shine retarder furotin da aka gyara (babban furotin), wanda ke da fa'idodin ƙarancin farashi, lokacin jinkiri mai tsawo, ƙarancin ƙarfi, kyakkyawan ginin samfura, da tsawon lokacin buɗewa. Adadin da ake amfani da shi wajen shirya plaster stucco na ƙasa gabaɗaya shine 0.06% zuwa 0.15%.
03. Coagulant
Haɓaka lokacin juyawar slurry da tsawaita saurin juyawar slurry ɗaya ne daga cikin hanyoyin hanzarta haɗuwar jiki. Magungunan haɗin sinadarai da aka saba amfani da su a cikin kayan ginin foda na anhydrite sun haɗa da potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate da sauran abubuwan acid. Yawan da ake amfani da shi gabaɗaya shine 0.2% zuwa 0.4%.
04. Maganin riƙe ruwa
Kayan gini na busasshen gypsum ba za a iya raba su da sinadaran riƙe ruwa ba. Inganta yawan riƙe ruwa na gypsum shine tabbatar da cewa ruwa zai iya wanzuwa a cikin gypsum slurry na dogon lokaci, don samun kyakkyawan tasirin taurarewar ruwa. Don inganta ginin kayan gini na gypsum powder, rage da hana rabuwa da zubar jini na gypsum slurry, inganta lanƙwasa slurry, tsawaita lokacin buɗewa, da kuma magance matsalolin ingancin injiniya kamar fashewa da ramuka duk ba za a iya raba su da wakilan riƙe ruwa ba. Ko wakilin riƙe ruwa ya dace ya dogara ne akan wargajewarsa, narkewa nan take, moldability, kwanciyar hankali na zafi da kuma kauri, wanda mafi mahimmancin ma'auni shine riƙe ruwa.
Akwai nau'ikan abubuwan riƙe ruwa guda huɗu:
①Mai riƙe ruwa na cellulosic
A halin yanzu, mafi yawan amfani da shi a kasuwa shine hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sai kuma methyl cellulose da carboxymethyl cellulose. Jimillar aikin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ya fi na methylcellulose kyau, kuma riƙe ruwa na biyu ya fi na carboxymethylcellulose girma, amma tasirin kauri da tasirin haɗin kai sun fi muni fiye da na carboxymethylcellulose. A cikin kayan gini na gypsum busassun gauraye, adadin hydroxypropyl da methyl cellulose yawanci yana tsakanin 0.1% zuwa 0.3%, kuma adadin carboxymethyl cellulose shine 0.5% zuwa 1.0%. Yawancin misalan aikace-aikace sun tabbatar da cewa amfani da biyun ya fi kyau.
② Maganin riƙe ruwa na sitaci
Ana amfani da sinadarin riƙe ruwa na sitaci galibi don yin amfani da gypsum putty da kuma plaster surface, kuma yana iya maye gurbin wani ɓangare ko duk wani sinadarin riƙe ruwa na cellulose. Ƙara sinadarin riƙe ruwa na sitaci zuwa kayan gini na gypsum busasshen foda na iya inganta aiki, aiki, da kuma daidaiton slurry. Abubuwan riƙe ruwa na sitaci da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da sitaci na tapioca, sitaci na pregelatinized, sitaci carboxymethyl, da sitaci carboxypropyl. Adadin sinadarin riƙe ruwa na sitaci gabaɗaya yana tsakanin 0.3% zuwa 1%. Idan adadin ya yi yawa, zai haifar da mildew na kayayyakin gypsum a cikin yanayi mai danshi, wanda zai shafi ingancin aikin kai tsaye.
③ Manne ruwa riƙewa wakili
Wasu manne masu sauri suma suna iya taka rawar riƙe ruwa mafi kyau. Misali, ana amfani da foda polyvinyl alcohol 17-88, 24-88, danko na Tianqing da danko na guar a cikin kayan gini na gypsum busasshe kamar gypsum, gypsum putty, da kuma man shafawa na gypsum. Zai iya rage adadin wakilin riƙe ruwa na cellulose. Musamman a cikin gypsum mai ɗaurewa da sauri, zai iya maye gurbin wakilin riƙe ruwa na cellulose ether gaba ɗaya a wasu lokuta.
④ Kayan riƙe ruwa mara tsari
Amfani da wasu kayan da ke riƙe ruwa a cikin kayan gini na gypsum busasshe na iya rage yawan sauran kayan da ke riƙe ruwa, rage farashin kayayyaki, da kuma taka rawa wajen inganta aiki da kuma iya gina gypsum slurry. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su a yau da kullum wajen riƙe ruwa sun haɗa da bentonite, kaolin, ƙasa mai kama da diatomaceous, foda zeolite, foda perlite, yumbu attapulgite, da sauransu.
05.mai manne
Amfani da manne a cikin kayan gini na gypsum da aka haɗa da busassun gypsum shine na biyu kawai bayan sinadaran riƙe ruwa da abubuwan hana ruwa. Turmi mai daidaita kansa na gypsum, gypsum mai ɗaurewa, gypsum mai ɗaurewa, da manne mai hana zafi na gypsum duk ba za a iya raba su da manne ba.
▲ Foda mai latex mai sake lalacewa
Ana amfani da foda mai latex mai sake canzawa sosai a cikin turmi mai daidaita gypsum, mahaɗin hana gypsum, putty mai ɗaure gypsum, da sauransu. Musamman a cikin turmi mai daidaita gypsum, yana iya inganta ɗanko da ruwa na slurry, kuma yana taka rawa sosai wajen rage ɓarna, guje wa zubar jini, da inganta juriyar tsagewa. Yawan da ake amfani da shi gabaɗaya shine kashi 1.2% zuwa 2.5%.
▲ Barasa mai polyvinyl nan take
A halin yanzu, barasar polyvinyl da ake amfani da ita a kasuwa a yanzu ita ce 24-88 da 17-88. Sau da yawa ana amfani da ita a cikin kayayyaki kamar su gypsum mai ɗaurewa, gypsum putty, gypsum composite thermal insulation compound, da plastering plaster. 0.4% zuwa 1.2%.
Guar gum, Tianqing gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, sitaci ether, da sauransu duk manne ne masu aiki daban-daban a cikin kayan gini na gypsum busasshe.
06. Mai kauri
Kauri galibi yana da mahimmanci don inganta aiki da kuma raguwar sinadarin gypsum slurry, wanda yayi kama da manne da abubuwan da ke riƙe ruwa, amma ba gaba ɗaya ba. Wasu samfuran masu kauri suna da tasiri wajen kauri, amma ba su dace ba dangane da ƙarfin haɗin kai da riƙe ruwa. Lokacin ƙirƙirar kayan gini na gypsum busasshen foda, ya kamata a yi la'akari da babban aikin kayan haɗin don amfani da kayan haɗin da kyau da kuma dacewa. Kayayyakin masu kauri da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da polyacrylamide, Tianqing gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, da sauransu.
07. Wakilin shiga iska
Maganin shigar iska, wanda aka fi sani da sinadarin kumfa, ana amfani da shi ne galibi a cikin kayan gini na gypsum da aka haɗa da busassun gypsum kamar su sinadarin gypsum da kuma filastar filastar. Maganin shigar iska (mai kumfa) yana taimakawa wajen inganta gini, juriyar tsagewa, juriyar sanyi, rage zubar jini da rabuwa, kuma yawan amfani da shi yawanci yana tsakanin 0.01% zuwa 0.02%.
08. Defoamer
Sau da yawa ana amfani da Defoamer a cikin turmi mai daidaita gypsum da kuma gypsum caulking putty, wanda zai iya inganta yawan, ƙarfi, juriyar ruwa da haɗin slurry, kuma yawan da ake buƙata shine yawanci 0.02% zuwa 0.04%.
09. Maganin rage ruwa
Maganin rage ruwa zai iya inganta ruwan gypsum slurry da ƙarfin jikin gypsum mai tauri, kuma yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin turmi da plaster na gypsum. A halin yanzu, ana sanya na'urorin rage ruwa da ake samarwa a cikin gida bisa ga tasirinsu na ruwa da ƙarfi: na'urorin rage ruwa na polycarboxylate retarded water reducers, na'urorin rage ruwa mai inganci na melamine, na'urorin rage ruwa mai inganci na tushen shayi, da na'urorin rage ruwa na lignosulfonate. Lokacin amfani da na'urorin rage ruwa a cikin kayan gini na gypsum dry-mix, ban da la'akari da yawan ruwa da ƙarfi, ya kamata a mai da hankali kan lokacin saitawa da asarar ruwa na kayan gini na gypsum akan lokaci.
10. Maganin hana ruwa shiga
Babban lahani na kayayyakin gypsum shine rashin juriyar ruwa. Yankunan da ke da iska mai yawa suna da buƙatu mafi girma don juriyar ruwa na turmi mai busasshe na gypsum. Gabaɗaya, juriyar ruwa na gypsum mai tauri ana inganta ta hanyar ƙara haɗin hydraulic. Idan akwai ruwa mai jike ko mai cike da ruwa, ƙarin haɗin hydraulic na waje na iya sa haɗin gypsum mai tauri ya kai fiye da 0.7, don biyan buƙatun ƙarfin samfurin. Hakanan ana iya amfani da haɗin sinadarai don rage narkewar gypsum (wato, ƙara yawan laushi), rage shaye-shayen gypsum zuwa ruwa (wato, rage yawan shan ruwa) da rage yashewar jikin gypsum mai tauri (wato, ware ruwa). Wakilan hana ruwa na gypsum sun haɗa da ammonium borate, sodium methyl siliconate, silicone resin, kakin paraffin mai emulsified, da wakilin hana ruwa na silicone emulsion tare da ingantaccen tasiri.
11. Mai motsa jiki mai aiki
Kunna anhydrites na halitta da na sinadarai yana ba da mannewa da ƙarfi don samar da kayan gini na gypsum busassun gauraye. Mai kunna acid zai iya hanzarta saurin ruwan gypsum mai hana ruwa shiga, rage lokacin saitawa, da inganta ƙarfin jikin gypsum mai hana ruwa shiga. Mai kunna acid ba shi da tasiri sosai akan saurin ruwan gypsum mai hana ruwa shiga, amma yana iya inganta ƙarfin jikin gypsum mai hana ruwa shiga, kuma yana iya zama wani ɓangare na kayan gelling na hydraulic a cikin jikin gypsum mai hana ruwa shiga, yana inganta juriyar ruwa na jikin gypsum mai hana ruwa shiga. Tasirin amfani da mai kunna acid-base ya fi na mai kunna acid ko na asali guda ɗaya. Abubuwan da ke ƙara kuzari sun haɗa da potassium alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, da sauransu. Masu kunna alkaline sun haɗa da quicklime, siminti, clinker siminti, dolomite calcined, da sauransu.
12. Man shafawa na Thixotropic
Ana amfani da man shafawa na Thixotropic wajen yin gypsum ko plastering gypsum mai daidaita kansa, wanda zai iya rage juriyar kwararar turmi na gypsum, ya tsawaita lokacin budewa, ya hana layuka da kuma daidaita slurry, ta yadda slurry zai iya samun kyakkyawan man shafawa da kuma iya aiki. A lokaci guda, tsarin jiki iri daya ne, kuma karfin saman sa yana karuwa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-20-2023