Otu ngwakọta nwere oke n'ime ka arụmọrụ nke gypsum slurry ka mma. Ọ bụrụ na arụmọrụ nke gypsum mortar ga-enweta nsonaazụ dị mma ma mezuo ihe dị iche iche achọrọ maka ojiji, a chọrọ ka ngwakọta kemịkalụ, ngwakọta, ihe nzacha, na ihe dị iche iche jikọta ma mejupụta ya n'ụzọ sayensị na ezi uche dị na ya.
01. Ihe na-achịkwa mkpọchi ọbara
A na-ekewa ihe ndị na-achịkwa njikọ n'ime ihe ndị na-egbochi njikọ na ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ngwa ngwa. Na gypsum a gwakọtara agwakọta, a na-eji ihe ndị na-egbochi njikọ eme ihe maka ngwaahịa e ji plasta nke paris kwadebe, a na-achọkwa ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị ngwa ngwa maka ngwaahịa e ji gypsum anhydrous kwadebe ma ọ bụ jiri gypsum dihydrate ozugbo.
02. Onye na-aga ije
Ịtinye ihe mgbochi na ihe owuwu gypsum a gwakọtara agwakọta na-egbochi usoro mmiri nke gypsum hemihydrate ma na-agbatị oge ntọala. E nwere ọtụtụ ọnọdụ maka mmiri nke plasta, gụnyere nhazi nke oge nke plasta, okpomọkụ nke ihe plasta mgbe a na-akwadebe ngwaahịa, ịdị mma nke ihe, ịtọ oge na uru pH nke ngwaahịa akwadoro, wdg. Ihe ọ bụla nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na mmetụta mgbochi, yabụ enwere nnukwu ọdịiche na ọnụọgụ retarder n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche. Ugbu a, ihe mgbochi kachasị mma maka gypsum na China bụ ihe mgbochi protein (protein dị elu) agbanwere agbanwe, nke nwere uru nke obere ọnụ ahịa, oge nkwụsị ogologo, obere mfu ike, ezigbo owuwu ngwaahịa, na oge mepere emepe ogologo. Ego ejiri na nkwadebe nke plasta stucco dị n'okpuru bụkarị 0.06% ruo 0.15%.
03. Coagulant
Ime ka oge mkpali slurry dịkwuo ngwa ngwa na ịgbatị ọsọ mkpali slurry bụ otu n'ime ụzọ e si eme ka coagulation dị ngwa ngwa. Ihe ndị na-eme ka coagulants kemịkalụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime ihe ndị e ji arụpụta ntụ ntụ anhydrite gụnyere potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka acid. Usoro ọgwụgwọ a na-enye bụkarị 0.2% ruo 0.4%.
04. Ihe na-ejide mmiri
Ihe eji arụ ụlọ Gypsum akọrọ na ihe ndị na-ejide mmiri anaghị ekewapụ onwe ha. Imeziwanye ọsọ nchekwa mmiri nke ihe eji arụ ụlọ gypsum bụ iji hụ na mmiri nwere ike ịdị na gypsum slurry ruo ogologo oge, ka o wee nweta ezigbo mmetụta siri ike nke mmiri. Iji melite owuwu nke ihe eji arụ ụlọ gypsum powder, belata ma gbochie nkewa na ọbara ọgbụgba nke gypsum slurry, melite mwụda nke slurry, ịgbatị oge mmeghe, na idozi nsogbu mma injinia dịka mgbawa na oghere bụ ihe niile na-ekewapụ na ihe eji ejide mmiri. Ma ihe eji ejide mmiri ọ dị mma dabere na mgbasa ya, ịgbaze ngwa ngwa, ibuli ya, nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ na ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ sie ike, nke ihe kacha mkpa bụ idobe mmiri.
E nwere ụdị ihe eji ejide mmiri anọ:
①Ihe na-ejigide mmiri cellulosic
Ugbu a, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ahịa bụ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, nke methyl cellulose na carboxymethyl cellulose na-esochi. Arụmọrụ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose zuru oke ka mma karịa nke methylcellulose, njigide mmiri nke abụọ ahụ dịkwa elu karịa nke carboxymethylcellulose, mana mmetụta siri ike na mmetụta njikọ dị njọ karịa nke carboxymethylcellulose. Na ihe owuwu gypsum akọrọ, ọnụọgụ hydroxypropyl na methyl cellulose na-abụkarị 0.1% ruo 0.3%, ọnụọgụ nke carboxymethyl cellulose bụ 0.5% ruo 1.0%. Ọtụtụ ihe atụ ojiji na-egosi na ojiji nke abụọ ahụ ka mma.
② Ihe na-ejide mmiri starch
A na-ejikarị ihe eji ejide mmiri starch eme ihe maka gypsum putty na plaster surface, ọ nwekwara ike dochie akụkụ ma ọ bụ ihe niile dị na cellulose mmiri. Ịtinye ihe eji ejide mmiri dabere na starch na ihe eji arụpụta gypsum dry powder nwere ike ime ka ọrụ dịkwuo mma, rụọ ọrụ, na nguzozi nke slurry. Ihe eji ejide mmiri dabere na starch nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe gụnyere tapioca starch, pregelatinized starch, carboxymethyl starch, na carboxypropyl starch. Ọnụọgụ ihe eji ejide mmiri dabere na starch na-abụkarị 0.3% ruo 1%. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ ahụ buru ibu, ọ ga-akpata mildew nke ngwaahịa gypsum n'ebe mmiri dị, nke ga-emetụta àgwà ọrụ ahụ ozugbo.
③ Gluu mmiri na-ejigide ihe
Ụfọdụ ihe nrapado ozugbo nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ ka mma iji chekwaa mmiri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-eji ntụ ntụ alcohol polyvinyl 17-88, 24-88, Tianqing gum na guar gum eme ihe na ihe eji arụ ụlọ dịka gypsum, gypsum putty, na gluu mkpuchi gypsum. Nwere ike ibelata ọnụọgụ ihe eji ejide mmiri cellulose. Karịsịa na gypsum nke na-ejikọ ngwa ngwa, ọ nwere ike dochie ihe eji ejide mmiri cellulose ether kpamkpam n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.
④ Ihe eji ejide mmiri na-adịghị mma
Iji ihe ndị ọzọ na-ejide mmiri eme ihe n'ime ihe ndị a na-agwakọta gypsum nwere ike ibelata ọnụọgụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-ejide mmiri, belata ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa, ma rụọkwa ọrụ ụfọdụ n'ime ka gypsum slurry dịkwuo mma ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime mmiri na-adịghị na organic gụnyere bentonite, kaolin, ala diatomaceous, ntụ zeolite, ntụ perlite, ụrọ attapulgite, wdg.
05.ihe na-arapara
Iji ihe ndị na-ejikọ agwakọta na ihe ndị e ji gypsum mee eme ihe n'ụlọ kpọrọ nkụ bụ ihe na-esote ihe ndị na-ejide mmiri na ihe ndị na-egbochi mmiri. A naghị ekewapụ ihe e ji agwakọta gypsum onwe ya, gypsum e jikọtara ọnụ, gypsum e ji agwakọta agwakọta, na gluu gypsum e ji ekpo ọkụ eme ihe.
▲ Ntụ ntụ latex a na-agbanwe agbanwe
A na-ejikarị ntụ ntụ latex nke a na-akpọ Redispersible eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na gypsum self-leveling mortar, gypsum insulation compound, gypsum caulking putty, wdg. Karịsịa na gypsum self-leveling mortar, ọ nwere ike ime ka viscosity na fluidity nke slurry dịkwuo mma, ma rụọkwa ọrụ dị ukwuu n'ibelata delamination, izere ọbara ọgbụgba, na ime ka mgbochi mgbawa dịkwuo mma. Usoro ọgwụgwọ a na-ejikarị bụ 1.2% ruo 2.5%.
▲ Mmanya polyvinyl ozugbo
Ugbu a, mmanya polyvinyl a na-eji eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ahịa bụ 24-88 na 17-88. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ngwaahịa dịka gypsum bonding, gypsum putty, gypsum composite thermal insulation compound, na plastering. 0.4% ruo 1.2%.
Guar gum, Tianqing gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch ether, wdg. bụ ihe ndị a na-ejikọ ọnụ nke nwere ọrụ njikọ dị iche iche na ihe eji arụ ụlọ akọrọ nke gypsum.
06. Ihe na-eme ka ọkpụrụkpụ sie ike
Isi ihe dị mkpa bụ ime ka gypsum slurry dịkwuo mma ma na-amịkọrọ nke ọma, nke yiri ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị nkọ, mana ọ bụghị kpamkpam. Ụfọdụ ngwaahịa ndị na-eme ka thickener dị irè n'ịkpụ, mana ọ dịghị mma ma a bịa n'ihe gbasara ike njikọta na idobe mmiri. Mgbe a na-emepụta ihe eji arụ gypsum dry powder, a ga-atụle ọrụ bụ isi nke ihe ndị na-eme ka thickener dị mma ma dịkwa mma. Ngwaahịa ndị a na-ejikarị eme thickener gụnyere polyacrylamide, Tianqing gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, wdg.
07. Onye na-enye ohere ịbanye n'ikuku
A na-ejikarị ihe na-abanye n'ikuku, nke a makwaara dị ka ihe na-eme ka ụfụfụ jupụta, eme ihe n'ihe owuwu gypsum akọrọ dịka ihe mkpuchi gypsum na plasta. Ihe na-abanye n'ikuku (ihe na-eme ka ụfụfụ jupụta) na-enyere aka ime ka owuwu ahụ ka mma, iguzogide mgbawa, iguzogide ntu oyi, belata ọbara ọgbụgba na nkewa, usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ na-abụkarị site na 0.01% ruo 0.02%.
08. Defoamer
A na-ejikarị Defoamer eme ihe na gypsum self-leveling mortar na gypsum caulking putty, nke nwere ike ime ka njupụta, ike, mmiri iguzogide na njikọta nke slurry dịkwuo mma, na usoro onunu ogwu na-abụkarị 0.02% ruo 0.04%.
09. Ihe na-ebelata mmiri
Ihe na-ebelata mmiri nwere ike ime ka mmiri gypsum slurry dịkwuo mma ma melite ike nke ahụ siri ike nke gypsum, a na-ejikarịkwa ya na gypsum onwe ya na plasta plasta. Ugbu a, a na-ahọpụta ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri nke e mepụtara n'ime ụlọ dịka mmetụta ha si dị: ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri polycarboxylate, ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri melamine dị elu, ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na tii, na ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri lignosulfonate. Mgbe ị na-eji ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri na ihe ndị na-agwakọta gypsum kpọrọ nkụ, na mgbakwunye na ịtụle oriri na ike mmiri, ekwesịrị ilebara anya n'oge ntọala na mfu mmiri nke ihe ndị e ji arụ ụlọ gypsum ka oge na-aga.
10. Ihe na-egbochi mmiri
Nsogbu kachasị ukwuu nke ngwaahịa gypsum bụ enweghị mmiri na-eguzogide. Ebe nwere oke iru mmiri nwere ihe achọrọ maka iguzogide mmiri nke gypsum akọrọ-agwakọta. N'ozuzu, a na-eme ka iguzogide mmiri nke gypsum siri ike ka mma site na ịgbakwunye ngwakọta hydraulic. N'ihe gbasara mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ mmiri juru eju, mgbakwunye mpụta nke ngwakọta hydraulic nwere ike ime ka ọnụọgụ dị nro nke ahụ siri ike nke gypsum ruo ihe karịrị 0.7, iji mezuo ihe achọrọ maka ike ngwaahịa. Enwere ike iji ngwakọta kemịkalụ belata ike ịgbaze nke gypsum (ya bụ, ịbawanye ọnụọgụ dị nro), belata ntinye nke gypsum na mmiri (ya bụ, belata ọnụego nnabata mmiri) ma belata mbuze nke ahụ siri ike nke gypsum (ya bụ, mwepụ mmiri). Ihe ndị na-egbochi mmiri Gypsum gụnyere ammonium borate, sodium methyl siliconate, silicone resin, wax emulsified paraffin, na ihe na-egbochi mmiri silicone emulsion nwere mmetụta ka mma.
11. Ihe mkpali na-arụ ọrụ
Mmegharị nke anhydrite sitere n'okike na kemịkalụ na-enye nrapado na ike maka mmepụta nke ihe owuwu gypsum dry-mix. Ihe na-eme ka acid rụọ ọrụ nwere ike ime ka ọsọ mmiri nke gypsum anhydrous dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, belata oge ntọala, ma melite ike mbụ nke ahụ gypsum siri ike. Ihe na-eme ka gypsum sie ike enweghị mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọsọ mmiri mbụ nke gypsum anhydrous, mana ọ nwere ike ime ka ike ikpeazụ nke ahụ gypsum siri ike ka mma nke ukwuu, ọ nwekwara ike ịbụ akụkụ nke ihe na-eme ka hydraulic gelling dị na ahụ gypsum siri ike, na-eme ka iguzogide mmiri nke gypsum siri ike nke ọma. Mmetụta ojiji nke ihe na-eme ka acid-base compound activator dị mma karịa nke otu ihe na-eme ka acid ma ọ bụ basic activator. Ihe na-akpali acid gụnyere potassium alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, wdg. Ihe na-eme ka alkaline activators gụnyere quicklime, simenti, ciment clinker, calcined dolomite, wdg.
12. Mmanụ Thixotropic
A na-eji mmanụ Thixotropic eme ihe n'ime gypsum ma ọ bụ plastering gypsum nke na-eme ka ọ dị larịị, nke nwere ike ibelata ikike mmiri nke gypsum mortar, mee ka oge oghere dị ogologo, gbochie oyi akwa na ndo nke slurry, ka slurry wee nwee ike inweta ezigbo mmanụ na ike ịrụ ọrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, nhazi ahụ dị otu, ike elu ya na-abawanye.
Oge ozi: Eprel-20-2023