Kungani i-cellulose ibizwa ngokuthi i-polymer?

I-Cellulose, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-organic compound eningi kakhulu eMhlabeni, iyi-molecule ethakazelisayo neyinkimbinkimbi enomthelela omkhulu ezicini ezahlukene zokuphila, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo kuya ekukhiqizweni kwephepha nezindwangu.

Ukuqonda ukuthi kunganii-celluloseNjengoba ihlukaniswe njenge-polymer, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukwakheka kwayo kwama-molecule, izakhiwo zesakhiwo, kanye nokuziphatha ekubonisayo kokubili emazingeni amakhulu kanye namakhulu. Ngokuhlola lezi zici ngokuphelele, singachaza uhlobo lwe-polymer lwe-cellulose.

Izisekelo Ze-Polymer Chemistry:
Isayensi ye-polymer iyigatsha le-chemistry elibhekene nokutadisha ama-macromolecule, angama-molecule amakhulu akhiwe ngamayunithi esakhiwo aphindaphindayo aziwa ngokuthi ama-monomers. Inqubo ye-polymerization ihilela ukubopha kwala ma-monomers ngezibopho ze-covalent, kwakha amaketanga amade noma amanethiwekhi.

Isakhiwo sama-molecule e-Cellulose:
I-cellulose yakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngama-athomu e-carbon, i-hydrogen, kanye ne-oxygen, ahlelwe ngesakhiwo esifana nochungechunge oluqondile. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo, i-molecule ye-glucose, sisebenza njengeyunithi ye-monomeric ye-cellulose polymerization. Iyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose ngaphakathi kochungechunge lwe-cellulose ixhunywe kuzixhumanisi ze-glycosidic ezilandelayo nge-β(1→4), lapho amaqembu e-hydroxyl (-OH) ku-carbon-1 kanye ne-carbon-4 yamayunithi e-glucose aseduze ebhekana nokusabela kokujiya ukuze akhe uxhumano.

Uhlobo lwe-polymeric lwe-Cellulose:

Amayunithi Aphindaphindayo: Ukuxhumana kwe-β(1→4) kwe-glycosidic ku-cellulose kuphumela ekuphindaphindweni kwamayunithi e-glucose ku-chain ye-polymer. Lokhu kuphindaphinda kwamayunithi esakhiwo kuyisici esiyisisekelo sama-polymer.
Isisindo Esiphezulu Sama-Molecular: Ama-molecule e-cellulose aqukethe izinkulungwane kuya kwezigidi zamayunithi e-glucose, okuholela ezisindweni eziphakeme zama-molecule ezivamile zezinto ze-polymer.
Isakhiwo Seketanga Elide: Ukuhlelwa okuqondile kwamayunithi e-glucose kumaketanga e-cellulose kwakha amaketanga ama-molecule anwetshiwe, afana nezakhiwo ezifana neketanga ezibonakala kuma-polymer.
Ukusebenzisana Kwama-Intermolecular: Ama-molecule e-cellulose abonisa ukubopha kwe-hydrogen phakathi kwama-molecule phakathi kwamaketanga aseduze, okwenza kube lula ukwakheka kwama-microfibrils kanye nezakhiwo ezinkulu, njengezintambo ze-cellulose.
Izakhiwo Zemishini: Amandla emishini kanye nokuqina kwe-cellulose, okubalulekile ekuqineni kwesakhiwo sezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo, kubangelwa uhlobo lwayo lwe-polymer. Lezi zakhiwo zikhumbuza ezinye izinto ze-polymer.
Ukubola kwe-biogradability: Naphezu kokuqina kwayo, i-cellulose iyabola, idlula ekuwohlokeni kwe-enzyme yi-cellulases, efaka i-hydrolyze ukuxhumanisa kwe-glycosidic phakathi kwamayunithi e-glucose, ekugcineni ihlukanise i-polymer ibe yi-monomers yayo.

Izicelo kanye nokubaluleka:
Uhlobo lwe-polymeri-celluloseisekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuhlukahlukene ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa iphepha ne-pulp, izindwangu, imithi, kanye namandla avuselelekayo. Izinto ezisekelwe ku-cellulose ziyaziswa ngobuningi bazo, ukubola, ukuvuselelwa, kanye nokuguquguquka kwazo, okwenza zibe yinto ebalulekile emphakathini wanamuhla.

I-cellulose ifaneleka njenge-polymer ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sama-molecule, esihlanganisa amayunithi e-glucose aphindaphindayo axhunywe yizibopho ze-glycosidic ze-β(1→4), okuholela emaketangeni amade anesisindo esikhulu sama-molecule. Uhlobo lwayo lwe-polymer lubonakala ngezici ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwamaketangeni ama-molecule anwetshiwe, ukusebenzisana kwama-molecule, izakhiwo zemishini, kanye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukuqonda i-cellulose njenge-polymer kubalulekile ekusebenziseni izinhlelo zayo eziningi nokusebenzisa amandla ayo kubuchwepheshe nezinto ezisimeme.