Ke hobane'ng ha cellulose e bitsoa polymer?

Cellulose, eo hangata e bitsoang motsoako o mongata ka ho fetisisa oa lintho tse phelang Lefatšeng, ke molek'hule e khahlang le e rarahaneng e nang le tšusumetso e tebileng likarolong tse fapaneng tsa bophelo, ho tloha sebopehong sa limela ho isa tlhahisong ea pampiri le masela.

Ho utloisisa lebakaseluloseE arotsoe ka sehlopha sa polymer, ho bohlokoa ho hlahloba sebopeho sa eona sa limolek'hule, litšobotsi tsa sebopeho, le boitšoaro boo e bo bontšang maemong a macroscopic le a microscopic. Ka ho hlahloba likarolo tsena ka botlalo, re ka hlakisa mofuta oa polymer oa cellulose.

Metheo ea Khemistri ea Polymer:
Saense ea polymer ke lekala la k'hemistri le sebetsanang le thuto ea limolek'hule tse kholo, e leng limolek'hule tse kholo tse entsoeng ka likarolo tse pheta-phetoang tsa sebopeho tse tsejoang e le li-monomers. Ts'ebetso ea polymerization e kenyelletsa ho hokahana ha li-monomers tsena ka litlamo tsa covalent, ho theha liketane tse telele kapa marang-rang.

Sebopeho sa Limolek'hule tsa Cellulose:
Selulose e entsoe haholo-holo ka liathomo tsa khabone, haedrojene le oksijene, tse hlophisitsoeng ka sebopeho se kang ketane e otlolohileng. Motheo oa eona oa motheo, molek'hule ea glucose, o sebetsa e le yuniti ea monomeric bakeng sa polymerization ea cellulose. Yuniti e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea glucose ka har'a ketane ea cellulose e hokahane le likhokahano tsa glycosidic tse latelang ka β(1→4), moo lihlopha tsa hydroxyl (-OH) holim'a carbon-1 le carbon-4 tsa li-unit tsa glucose tse haufi li fetang liketsong tsa condensation ho theha khokahano.

Sebopeho sa Polymeric sa Cellulose:

Diyuniti tse Phetang: Dikamano tsa glycosidic tsa β(1→4) tse ka hara cellulose di fella ka ho pheta-phetoa ha diyuniti tsa glucose ho latela ketane ya polymer. Pheta-pheto ena ya diyuniti tsa sebopeho ke tšobotsi ya motheo ya di-polymer.
Boima bo Phahameng ba Limolek'hule: Limolek'hule tsa cellulose li na le li-unit tse likete ho isa ho tse limilione tsa tsoekere, e leng se lebisang boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule bo tloaelehileng ba lintho tsa polymer.
Sebopeho sa Ketane e Telele: Tokisetso e otlolohileng ya diyuniti tsa glucose ka hara diketane tsa cellulose e bopa diketane tse atolositsweng tsa dimolek'hule, tse tshwanang le dibopeho tse ikgethang tse kang ketane tse bonwang ka hara di-polymer.
Tšebelisano-'moho ea Limolek'hule: Limolek'hule tsa selelulose li bontša ho kopana ha haedrojene pakeng tsa limolek'hule pakeng tsa liketane tse haufi, e leng se thusang ho thehoa ha li-microfibrils le meaho e meholo, joalo ka likhoele tsa selelulose.
Litšobotsi tsa Mekaniki: Matla a mekaniki le ho tiea ha cellulose, tse hlokahalang bakeng sa botšepehi ba sebopeho sa mabota a sele ea limela, li amahanngoa le tlhaho ea eona ea polymer. Litšobotsi tsena li hopotsa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa polymer.
Ho bola ha lisele: Ho sa tsotellehe ho tiea ha eona, cellulose e bola ha lisele, e senyeha ka enzyme ke li-cellulase, tse fetolang likhokahano tsa glycosidic pakeng tsa li-unit tsa glucose, qetellong li qhaqha polymer ho li-monomers tsa eona.

Litšebeliso le Bohlokoa:
Sebopeho sa polymer saselulosee tšehetsa lits'ebetso tsa eona tse fapaneng liindastering tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa pampiri le makhasi, masela, meriana le matla a nchafatsoang. Lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho cellulose li ananeloa ka bongata ba tsona, ho bola ha tsona, ho nchafatsoa le ho tenyetseha ha tsona, e leng se etsang hore li be tsa bohlokoa sechabeng sa sejoale-joale.

Selulose e tšoaneleha e le polymer ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona sa limolek'hule, se kenyeletsang diyuniti tse pheta-phetoang tsa glucose tse hokahantsoeng ke dibonto tsa glycosidic tsa β(1→4), tse fellang ka diketane tse telele tse nang le boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule. Tlhaho ea eona ea polymer e iponahatsa ka litšobotsi tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa ho thehoa ha liketane tse atolositsoeng tsa limolek'hule, likamano tsa limolek'hule, thepa ea mechini le ho bola ha lintho tse phelang. Ho utloisisa cellulose e le polymer ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho sebelisa lits'ebetso tsa eona tse ngata le ho sebelisa bokhoni ba eona mahlaleng le thepa e tsitsitseng.