Kutheni i-cellulose ibizwa ngokuba yi-polymer?

I-Cellulose, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-organic compound eninzi kakhulu eMhlabeni, yimolekyuli enomdla neyinkimbinkimbi enefuthe elikhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi, ukusuka kwisakhiwo sezityalo ukuya ekwenziweni kwephepha kunye nelaphu.

Ukuqonda isizathui-celluloseIhlelwe njenge-polymer, kubalulekile ukuphonononga ukwakheka kwayo kweemolekyuli, iimpawu zesakhiwo, kunye nokuziphatha ekubonisayo kumanqanaba e-macroscopic kunye ne-microscopic. Ngokuhlola ezi nkalo ngokupheleleyo, singacacisa uhlobo lwe-polymer ye-cellulose.

Iziseko zePolymer Chemistry:
Isayensi yePolymer lisebe lekhemistri elijongana nokufunda ii-macromolecules, ezingama-molecule amakhulu aqulunqwe ziiyunithi zesakhiwo eziphindaphindayo ezaziwa ngokuba zii-monomers. Inkqubo ye-polymerization ibandakanya ukubopha ezi monomers ngokusebenzisa ii-covalent bonds, zenze ii-chain ezinde okanye iinethiwekhi.

Ulwakhiwo lweMolekyuli yeCellulose:
I-Cellulose yenziwe ngokuyintloko zii-athomu ze-carbon, i-hydrogen, kunye ne-oxygen, ezicwangciswe ngendlela efana ne-linear chain-like. Ibhloko yayo esisiseko yokwakha, i-molecule ye-glucose, isebenza njengeyunithi ye-monomeric ye-cellulose polymerization. Iyunithi nganye ye-glucose ngaphakathi kwi-cellulose chain iqhagamshelwe kwi-glycosidic linkages elandelayo nge-β(1→4), apho amaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) kwi-carbon-1 kunye ne-carbon-4 yeeyunithi ze-glucose ezikufutshane enza i-condensation reactions ukuze enze i-linkage.

Uhlobo lwePolymeric lweCellulose:

IiYunithi eziPhindayo: Unxibelelwano lwe-β(1→4) lwe-glycosidic kwi-cellulose lubangela ukuphindaphinda kweeyunithi zeglucose kwi-chain ye-polymer. Olu phindaphindo lweeyunithi zesakhiwo luphawu oluphambili lwee-polymers.
Ubunzima obuphezulu beeMolekyuli: Iimolekyuli zeselilulose ziqulathe amawaka ukuya kwizigidi zeeyunithi zeglucose, nto leyo ekhokelela kubunzima obuphezulu beemolekyuli obuqhelekileyo kwizinto zepolymer.
Ulwakhiwo lweTyathanga Elide: Ulungelelwaniso oluthe tye lweeyunithi zeglucose kwiityathanga zeselilulose lwenza iityathanga zemolekyuli ezinde, ezifana nezakhiwo ezifana netyathanga ezibonwa kwiipolymers.
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kweemolekyuli: Iimolekyuli zeseli zibonisa ukubophelelana phakathi kweemolekyuli zehydrogen phakathi kweetsheyini ezikufutshane, nto leyo enceda ukwakheka kwee-microfibrils kunye nezakhiwo ze-macroscopic, ezifana neefiber zeselilulose.
Iimpawu Zoomatshini: Amandla oomatshini kunye nokuqina kwe-cellulose, ebalulekileyo kwisakhiwo sodonga lweeseli zezityalo, kubangelwa bubume bayo be-polymer. Ezi mpawu zikhumbuza ezinye izinto ze-polymer.
Ukubola kwe-biogradability: Nangona iqinile, i-cellulose iyabola, idlula kwi-enzyme degradation yi-cellulases, ezithi zidibanise i-glycosidic linkages phakathi kweeyunithi zeglucose, ekugqibeleni ziqhekeza i-polymer zibe zii-monomers zayo.

Izicelo kunye nokubaluleka:
Uhlobo lwe-polymeri-celluloseIxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwayo okwahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kuquka iphepha kunye ne-pulp, amalaphu, amayeza, kunye namandla avuselelekayo. Izixhobo ezisekwe kwi-cellulose zixatyiswa ngobuninzi bazo, ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuhlaziywa kwazo, kunye nokuguquguquka kwazo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kuluntu lwanamhlanje.

I-cellulose ifaneleka njenge-polymer ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-molecular, equka iiyunithi ze-glucose eziphindaphindayo ezidityaniswe zii-β(1→4) glycosidic bonds, nto leyo ebangela ii-chain ezinde ezinobunzima obuphezulu be-molecular. I-polymer yayo ibonakala kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwee-chain ze-molecular ezandisiweyo, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-molecular, iipropati ze-mechanical, kunye nokubola kwe-biodegradability. Ukuqonda i-cellulose njenge-polymer kubalulekile ekusebenziseni usetyenziso lwayo oluninzi kunye nokusebenzisa amandla ayo kubuchwepheshe obuzinzileyo kunye nezixhobo.