No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai ka cellulose he polymer?

ʻO ka Cellulose, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ka hui organik nui loa ma ka Honua, he molekala hoihoi a paʻakikī hoʻi me ka hopena koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola, mai ke ʻano o nā mea kanu a hiki i ka hana ʻana i ka pepa a me nā lole.

E hoʻomaopopo i ke kumukeluloseua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia he polymer, he mea nui e ʻeli hohonu i kona ʻano molekala, nā waiwai hoʻonohonoho, a me ke ʻano e hōʻike ai ma nā pae macroscopic a me microscopic. Ma ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau ʻano me ka piha, hiki iā mākou ke wehewehe i ke ʻano polymer o ka cellulose.

Nā Kumu o ke Kemika Polymer:
ʻO ka ʻepekema polymer kahi lālā o ke kemika e pili ana i ke aʻo ʻana i nā macromolecules, ʻo ia hoʻi nā molekala nui i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana kūkulu hou i ʻike ʻia he monomers. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka polymerization e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o kēia mau monomers ma o nā pilina covalent, e hana ana i nā kaulahao lōʻihi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele.

ʻAno Molekala Cellulose:
ʻO ka Cellulose ka mea nui i haku ʻia me nā ʻātoma kalapona, hydrogen, a me ka oxygen, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i loko o kahi ʻano kaulahao linear. ʻO kona poloka kūkulu kumu, ʻo ka mole glucose, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana monomeric no ka polymerization cellulose. Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana glucose i loko o ke kaulahao cellulose i ka mea aʻe ma o nā loulou glycosidic β(1→4), kahi e hana ai nā hui hydroxyl (-OH) ma ke kalapona-1 a me ke kalapona-4 o nā ʻāpana glucose e pili ana i nā hopena condensation e hana i ka loulou.

ʻAno Polymeric o Cellulose:

Nā ʻĀpana Hana Hou: ʻO nā loulou glycosidic β(1→4) i loko o ka cellulose ka hopena o ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻāpana glucose ma ke kaulahao polymer. ʻO kēia hana hou ʻana o nā ʻāpana hoʻonohonoho kahi ʻano kumu o nā polymers.
Kaumaha Molekala Kiʻekiʻe: Aia nā molekala Cellulose i nā tausani a miliona o nā ʻāpana glucose, e alakaʻi ana i nā kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe maʻamau o nā mea polymer.
ʻAno Kaulahao Lōʻihi: ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho laina o nā ʻāpana glucose i loko o nā kaulahao cellulose e hana i nā kaulahao molekala i hoʻonui ʻia, e like me nā ʻano kaulahao hiʻohiʻona i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā polymers.
Nā Hana Pilikino Intermolecular: Hōʻike nā molekala Cellulose i ka pilina hydrogen intermolecular ma waena o nā kaulahao pili, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā microfibrils a me nā ʻano macroscopic, e like me nā fibers cellulose.
Nā Waiwai Mekanika: ʻO ka ikaika mechanical a me ka paʻakikī o ka cellulose, he mea nui no ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana o nā paia cell mea kanu, ua pili i kona ʻano polymer. Hoʻomanaʻo kēia mau waiwai i nā mea polymer ʻē aʻe.
Biodegradability: ʻOiai kona paʻa, biodegradable ka cellulose, e hana ʻia ana ka degradation enzymatic e nā cellulases, ka mea e hydrolyze i nā pilina glycosidic ma waena o nā ʻāpana glucose, a i ka hopena e wāwahi ana i ka polymer i loko o kona mau monomers constituent.

Nā noi a me ke koʻikoʻi:
ʻO ke ʻano o ka polymerkelulosekākoʻo i kāna mau noi like ʻole ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka pepa a me ka pulp, nā lole, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka ikehu hou. Ua waiwai nui ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia ma ka cellulose no ko lākou nui, biodegradability, renewable, a me ka versatility, e lilo ai lākou i mea nui loa i ke kaiāulu hou.

Kūpono ka cellulose ma ke ʻano he polymer ma muli o kona ʻano molekala, nona nā ʻāpana glucose hou i hoʻopili ʻia e nā pilina glycosidic β(1→4), e hopena ana i nā kaulahao lōʻihi me nā kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ʻia kona ʻano polymer i nā ʻano like ʻole, me ke kūkulu ʻana o nā kaulahao molekala i hoʻonui ʻia, nā pilina intermolecular, nā waiwai mechanical, a me ka biodegradability. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka cellulose ma ke ʻano he polymer he mea nui ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāna mau noi he nui a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kona hiki i nā ʻenehana a me nā mea hoʻomau.