He aha i kiia ai te cellulose he polymer?

Ko te cellulose, e kiia ana ko te matū waro tino nui rawa atu o te Ao, he ngota whakamere, he matatini hoki, he nui tōna pānga ki ngā āhuatanga maha o te ora, mai i te hanganga o ngā tipu ki te hanga pepa me ngā kakahu.

Hei mārama he ahaherurohe pūmua, he mea nui kia rukuhia tōna hanganga ngota, ōna āhuatanga hanganga, me te whanonga e whakaatuhia ana i ngā taumata makaro me ngā taumata moroiti. Mā te tirotiro whānui i ēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e tātou te whakamārama i te āhua pūmua o te cellulose.

Ngā Kaupapa Taketake o te Matū Pūmua:
Ko te pūtaiao pūmua he peka o te matū e pā ana ki te ako i ngā macromolecules, arā, he ngota nui e titoa ana i ngā wae hanganga tāruarua e mōhiotia ana ko ngā monomers. Ko te tukanga o te polymerization e uru ana ki te hononga o ēnei monomers mā roto i ngā hononga covalent, e hanga ana i ngā mekameka roa, i ngā whatunga rānei.

Hanganga ngota ngota cellulose:
Ko te nuinga o te cellulose he mea hanga mai i ngā ngota waro, hauwai, me te hāora, he mea whakarite ki tētahi hanganga mekameka rārangi. Ko tōna poraka hanga matua, ko te ngota hukahuka, hei waeine monomeric mō te whakapūhuitanga o te cellulose. Ka honoa ia waeine hukahuka i roto i te mekameka cellulose ki tētahi atu mā roto i ngā hononga glycosidic β(1→4), te wāhi e pāngia ai ngā rōpū hydroxyl (-OH) i runga i te waro-1 me te waro-4 o ngā waeine hukahuka tata e ngā tauhohenga whakapūpū hei hanga i te hononga.

Te Āhua Pūmua o te Cellulose:

Ngā Wāhanga Whakahoki: Ko ngā hononga glycosidic β(1→4) i roto i te cellulose ka hua ake te whakahokinga o ngā wāhanga hukahuka i te mekameka polymer. Ko tēnei whakahokinga o ngā wāhanga hanganga he āhuatanga taketake o ngā polymer.
Taumaha Ngota Teitei: Ko ngā ngota cellulose he mano ki te miriona ngā waeine hukahuka, e hua ake ai he taumaha ngota teitei e rite ana ki ngā matū polymer.
Hanganga Mekameka Roa: Ko te whakaritenga rārangi o ngā waeine hukahuka i roto i ngā mekameka cellulose ka hanga i ngā mekameka ngota ngota roa, he rite ki ngā hanganga mekameka-rite e kitea ana i roto i ngā polymer.
Ngā Taunekeneke i waenga i ngā ngota ngota: Ka whakaatuhia e ngā ngota cellulose te hononga hauwai i waenga i ngā mekameka tata, e āwhina ana i te hanganga o ngā moroiti me ngā hanganga makaro, pērā i ngā muka cellulose.
Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-ringa: Ko te kaha ā-ringa me te pakari o te cellulose, he mea nui mō te hanganga pakari o ngā pakitara pūtau tipu, e pā ana ki tōna āhua pūmua. He rite ēnei āhuatanga ki ētahi atu rauemi pūmua.
Te Pirau-ā-Koiora: Ahakoa tōna pakari, ka pirau-ā-Koiora te cellulose, ka pakaruhia e ngā whākōkī e ngā cellulases, ka whakawhaia ai ngā hononga glycosidic i waenga i ngā waeine glucose, ā, i te mutunga ka pakaru te polymer ki roto i ōna monomers.

Ngā Whakamahinga me te Hiranga:
Te āhua o te pūmuaheruroe tautoko ana i ana tono kanorau puta noa i ngā ahumahi rerekē, tae atu ki te pepa me te penupenu, ngā kakahu, ngā rongoā, me te pūngao whakahou. He mea nui ngā rauemi cellulose mō tōna nui, tōna pirau koiora, tōna whakahounga, me tōna maha o ngā whakamahinga, ā, he mea nui rawa atu i roto i te hapori hou.

Ka taea te kī he polymer te whakamahi i te cellulose nā tōna hanganga ngota, arā, ko ngā waeine huka auau e honoa ana e ngā hononga glycosidic β(1→4), ka hua ake he mekameka roa me ngā taumaha ngota teitei. Ka kitea tōna āhua polymer i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki te hanganga o ngā mekameka ngota roa, ngā taunekeneke i waenga i ngā ngota, ngā āhuatanga miihini, me te pirau koiora. He mea nui te mārama ki te cellulose hei polymer mō te whakamahi i ōna tono maha me te whakamahi i tōna pūmanawa i roto i ngā hangarau me ngā rauemi pumau.