Yiziphi izakhiwo ze-carboxymethyl cellulose?

Yiziphi izakhiwo ze-carboxymethyl cellulose?

Impendulo:I-Carboxymethyl cellulosefuthi inezakhiwo ezahlukene ngenxa yamazinga alo ahlukene okushintshana. Izinga lokushintshana, elaziwa nangokuthi izinga lokushintshana, lisho inani elimaphakathi le-H emaqenjini amathathu e-OH hydroxyl athathelwe indawo yi-CH2COONa. Lapho amaqembu amathathu e-hydroxyl eringini esekelwe ku-cellulose eno-0.4 H eqenjini le-hydroxyl elithathelwe indawo yi-carboxymethyl, lingancibilikiswa emanzini. Ngalesi sikhathi, libizwa ngokuthi yi-0.4 substitution degree noma i-medium substitution degree (substitution degree 0.4-1.2).

Izakhiwo ze-carboxymethyl cellulose:

(1) Luyimpuphu emhlophe (noma okusanhlamvu okuqinile, okunemicu), alunambitheki, alunangozi, luncibilika kalula emanzini, futhi lwakha isimo esinamathelayo esibonakalayo, futhi isixazululo asithathi hlangothi noma sine-alkaline kancane. Lunamandla okuhle okusabalala kanye nokubopha.

(2) Isixazululo sayo samanzi singasetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier yohlobo lwamafutha/lwamanzi kanye nohlobo lwamanzi/lwamafutha. Iphinde ibe nekhono lokuhlanganisa amafutha ne-wax, futhi iyi-emulsifier enamandla.

(3) Uma isixazululo sihlangana nosawoti wensimbi osindayo njenge-lead acetate, i-ferric chloride, i-silver nitrate, i-stannous chloride, kanye ne-potassium dichromate, imvula ingase ivele. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwe-lead acetate, isengaphinde incibilikiswe kusisombululo se-sodium hydroxide, kanti ama-precipitate afana ne-barium, insimbi kanye ne-aluminium ancibilika kalula kusisombululo se-1% se-ammonium hydroxide.

(4) Uma isixazululo sihlangana nesisombululo se-organic acid kanye ne-inorganic acid, imvula ingenzeka. Ngokusho kokuqashelwa, lapho inani le-pH lingu-2.5, ukukhukhumala kanye nemvula sekuqalile. Ngakho-ke i-pH engu-2.5 ingabhekwa njengephuzu elibalulekile.

(5) Kusawoti onjenge-calcium, i-magnesium kanye nosawoti wetafula, akukho mvula ezokwenzeka, kodwa i-viscosity kufanele incishiswe, njengokufaka i-EDTA noma i-phosphate nezinye izinto ukuze kuvinjelwe.

(6) Izinga lokushisa linethonya elikhulu ekuqineni kwesisombululo salo samanzi. Ukuqinela kwehla ngokufanayo lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ukuqina kokuqinela kwesisombululo samanzi ekushiseni kwegumbi akushintshi, kodwa ukuqinela kungancipha kancane kancane uma kushiswa ngaphezu kuka-80°C isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lokushisa lingadluli ku-110°C, noma ngabe izinga lokushisa ligcinwa amahora ama-3, bese lipholiswa ku-25°C, ukuqinela kubuyela esimweni salo sokuqala; kodwa lapho izinga lokushisa lishiswa ku-120°C amahora ama-2, yize izinga lokushisa libuyiselwa, ukuqinela kwehla ngo-18.9%.

(7) Inani le-pH lizoba nomthelela othile ekuqineni kwesisombululo sayo samanzi. Ngokuvamile, lapho i-pH yesisombululo esine-viscosity ephansi iphambuka kokungathathi hlangothi, i-viscosity yayo ayinawo umphumela omkhulu, kuyilapho kwisisombululo esine-viscosity ephakathi, uma i-pH yayo iphambuka kokungathathi hlangothi, i-viscosity iqala ukwehla kancane kancane; uma i-pH yesisombululo esine-viscosity ephezulu iphambuka kokungathathi hlangothi, i-viscosity yayo izoncipha. Ukwehla okukhulu.

(8) Iyahambisana nezinye izinti ezincibilika emanzini, izithambisi kanye nama-resin. Isibonelo, iyahambisana ne-glue yezilwane, i-gum arabic, i-glycerin kanye nesitashi esincibilikayo. Iyahambisana futhi nengilazi yamanzi, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-urea-formaldehyde resin, i-melamine-formaldehyde resin, njll., kodwa ngezinga elincane.

(9) Ifilimu eyenziwe ngokukhanyisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet amahora ayi-100 ayikashintshi umbala noma ukuqhekeka.

(10) Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-viscosity ongakhetha kuzo ngokuya ngesicelo. Nge-gypsum, sebenzisa i-viscosity ephakathi (isixazululo samanzi esingu-2% ku-300-600mPa·s), uma ukhetha i-viscosity ephezulu (isixazululo esingu-1% ku-2000mPa·s noma ngaphezulu), ungayisebenzisa kumthamo okufanele wehliswe ngokufanele.

(11) Isixazululo sayo samanzi sisebenza njengesibambezeli ku-gypsum.

(12) Amabhaktheriya nama-microorganism awanayo imiphumela ecacile ekwakhekeni kwempuphu yayo, kodwa anethonya esixazululoni sayo samanzi. Ngemva kokungcola, i-viscosity izokwehla bese kuvela isikhunta. Ukwengeza inani elifanele lezilondolozi kusengaphambili kungagcina i-viscosity yayo futhi kuvimbele isikhunta isikhathi eside. Izilondolozi ezitholakalayo yilezi: I-BIT (1.2-benzisothiazolin-3-one), i-racebendazim, i-thiram, i-chlorothalonil, njll. Inani lokwengeza elibhekiselwe esixazululweni samanzi lingu-0.05% kuya ku-0.1%.

Isebenza kahle kangakanani i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose njenge-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ye-anhydrite binder?

Impendulo: I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyi-ejenti yokugcina amanzi esebenza kahle kakhulu ezintweni eziqinisa i-gypsum. Ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum kuyanda ngokushesha. Uma kungekho ejenti yokugcina amanzi engeziwe, izinga lokugcina amanzi lezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum licishe libe ngu-68%. Uma inani le-ejenti yokugcina amanzi lingu-0.15%, izinga lokugcina amanzi lezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum lingafinyelela ku-90.5%. Futhi izidingo zokugcina amanzi ze-plaster engezansi. Umthamo we-ejenti yokugcina amanzi udlula u-0.2%, ukwandisa umthamo, futhi izinga lokugcina amanzi lezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum liyanda kancane. Ukulungiswa kwezinto zokuplasta ze-anhydrite. Umthamo ofanele we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ungu-0.1%-0.15%.

Yimiphi imiphumela ehlukene ye-cellulose ehlukene ku-plaster of paris?

Impendulo: Kokubili i-carboxymethyl cellulose kanye ne-methyl cellulose zingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokugcina amanzi ku-plaster of paris, kodwa umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-carboxymethyl cellulose uphansi kakhulu kunowe-methyl cellulose, kanti i-carboxymethyl cellulose iqukethe usawoti we-sodium, ngakho-ke ifaneleka i-Plaster of Paris inomphumela wokulibazisa futhi inciphisa amandla e-plaster.I-Methyl celluloseingxube ekahle yezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum ezihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukuqinisa, kanye nokuqina, ngaphandle kokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zinomphumela wokulibazisa lapho umthamo uphakeme kune-carboxymethyl cellulose. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinto eziningi ezihlanganisa i-gypsum gelling zisebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganisa i-carboxymethyl cellulose kanye ne-methyl cellulose, ezingagcini nje ngokubonisa izici zazo (njengomphumela wokulibazisa we-carboxymethyl cellulose, umphumela wokuqinisa we-methyl cellulose), futhi zisebenzisa izinzuzo zazo ezivamile (njengomphumela wazo wokugcina amanzi kanye nokuqina). Ngale ndlela, kokubili ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum kanye nokusebenza okuphelele kwezinto eziqinisa i-gypsum kungathuthukiswa, kuyilapho ukwenyuka kwezindleko kugcinwa endaweni ephansi kakhulu.