He aha nā ʻano o ka carboxymethyl cellulose?

He aha nā ʻano o ka carboxymethyl cellulose?

Pane:ʻO ka carboxymethyl celluloseLoaʻa pū kekahi mau waiwai like ʻole ma muli o kona mau kekelē pani like ʻole. ʻO ke kekelē pani, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke kekelē etherification, ʻo ia hoʻi ka helu awelika o H i loko o nā hui OH hydroxyl ʻekolu i pani ʻia e CH2COONa. Ke loaʻa i nā hui hydroxyl ʻekolu ma ke apo cellulose he 0.4 H i loko o ka hui hydroxyl i pani ʻia e carboxymethyl, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai. I kēia manawa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo 0.4 kekelē pani a i ʻole ke kekelē pani waena (kekelē pani 0.4-1.2).

Nā waiwai o ka carboxymethyl cellulose:

(1) He pauka keʻokeʻo (a i ʻole ka palaoa ʻoi, fibrous), ʻono ʻole, ʻino ʻole, maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a hana i kahi ʻano pipili moakaka, a he kūlike ʻole ka hopena a i ʻole he alkaline iki. Loaʻa iā ia ka mana hoʻopuehu maikaʻi a me ka nakinaki.

(2) Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kāna wai hoʻoheheʻe wai ma ke ʻano he emulsifier o ke ʻano ʻaila/wai a me ke ʻano wai/ʻaila. Loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke emulsifying no ka ʻaila a me ka wax, a he emulsifier ikaika.

(3) Ke hālāwai ka hopena me nā paʻakai metala kaumaha e like me ke kēpau acetate, ferric chloride, silver nitrate, stannous chloride, a me ka potassium dichromate, hiki ke piʻi aʻe ka ua. Eia naʻe, koe wale nō ka kēpau acetate, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe hou ʻia i loko o ka hopena sodium hydroxide, a ʻo nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka barium, ka hao a me ka alumini e maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka hopena ammonium hydroxide 1%.

(4) Ke hālāwai ka hopena me ka waikawa organik a me ka hopena waikawa inorganic, hiki ke piʻi ka ua. Wahi a ka nānā ʻana, i ka wā he 2.5 ka waiwai pH, ua hoʻomaka ka turbidity a me ka ua. No laila, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka pH 2.5 ke kiko koʻikoʻi.

(5) No nā paʻakai e like me ka calcium, magnesium a me ka paʻakai papaʻaina, ʻaʻohe ua e hana ʻia, akā pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka mānoanoa, e like me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka EDTA a i ʻole ka phosphate a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pale aku ai.

(6) He mana koʻikoʻi ko ka mahana i ka mānoanoa o kona wai hoʻoheheʻe. E emi ana ka mānoanoa ke piʻi ka mahana, a ʻo ka hope. ʻAʻole i loli ke kūpaʻa o ka mānoanoa o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe ma ka mahana o ka lumi, akā hiki ke emi mālie ka mānoanoa ke hoʻomehana ʻia ma luna o 80°C no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ma ke ʻano laulā, i ka wā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o 110°C, ʻoiai inā mālama ʻia ka mahana no 3 mau hola, a laila hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i 25°C, hoʻi mau ka mānoanoa i kona kūlana mua; akā i ka wā e hoʻomehana ʻia ai ka mahana i 120°C no 2 mau hola, ʻoiai ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mahana, hāʻule ka mānoanoa ma 18.9%.

(7) E loaʻa nō hoʻi i ka waiwai pH kahi mana i ka viscosity o kāna hopena wai. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ke ʻokoʻa ka pH o kahi hopena viscosity haʻahaʻa mai ke kūlike ʻole, ʻaʻole nui ka hopena o kona viscosity, ʻoiai no kahi hopena viscosity waena, inā ʻokoʻa kona pH mai ke kūlike ʻole, hoʻomaka ka viscosity e emi mālie; inā ʻokoʻa ka pH o kahi hopena viscosity kiʻekiʻe mai ke kūlike ʻole, e emi ana kona viscosity. He emi nui.

(8) Kūlike me nā mea hoʻopili wai ʻē aʻe, nā mea palupalu a me nā resins. No ka laʻana, kūpono ia me ke kāpili holoholona, ​​​​gum arabic, glycerin a me ka starch hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Kūlike pū ia me ke aniani wai, ka polyvinyl alcohol, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, a pēlā aku, akā i kahi kekelē liʻiliʻi.

(9) ʻAʻohe ʻano ʻeleʻele a palupalu paha o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i ka mālamalama ultraviolet no 100 mau hola.

(10) ʻEkolu mau pae mānoanoa e koho ai e like me ke noi. No ka gypsum, e hoʻohana i ka mānoanoa waena (2% hopena wai ma 300-600mPa·s), inā koho ʻoe i ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe (1% hopena ma 2000mPa·s a ʻoi aku paha), hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā ia i ka nui e pono e hoʻohaʻahaʻa pono ʻia.

(11) Hana kāna wai hoʻoheheʻe ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaneʻe i loko o ka gypsum.

(12) ʻAʻohe hopena maopopo o nā bacteria a me nā microorganisms i kona ʻano pauka, akā he hopena ko lākou i kāna hopena wai. Ma hope o ka haumia ʻana, e hāʻule ka mānoanoa a e ʻike ʻia ka mildew. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi nui kūpono o nā mea mālama ma mua e hiki ke mālama i kona mānoanoa a pale i ka mildew no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO nā mea mālama i loaʻa: BIT (1.2-benzisothiazolin-3-one), racebendazim, thiram, chlorothalonil, etc. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohui kuhikuhi i loko o ka hopena wai he 0.05% a 0.1%.

Pehea ka maikaʻi o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa wai no ka mea hoʻopaʻa anhydrite?

Pane: ʻO Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kahi mea mālama wai kiʻekiʻe no nā mea sima gypsum. Me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Hoʻonui koke ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mea sima gypsum. Ke hoʻohui ʻole ʻia ka mea mālama wai, ʻo ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mea sima gypsum ma kahi o 68%. Ke 0.15% ka nui o ka mea mālama wai, hiki i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mea sima gypsum ke hōʻea i 90.5%. A me nā koi paʻa wai o ka plaster lalo. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mea mālama wai ma mua o 0.2%, e hoʻonui hou i ka nui, a piʻi mālie ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mea sima gypsum. Hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea plastering anhydrite. ʻO ka nui kūpono o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he 0.1%-0.15%.

He aha nā hopena like ʻole o nā cellulose like ʻole ma ka plaster o Paris?

Pane: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka carboxymethyl cellulose a me ka methyl cellulose ma ke ʻano he mau mea mālama wai no ka plaster o Paris, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hopena mālama wai o ka carboxymethyl cellulose ma mua o ka methyl cellulose, a loaʻa i ka carboxymethyl cellulose ka paʻakai sodium, no laila kūpono ia no ka mea he hopena hoʻomaha ka Plaster o Paris a hoʻemi i ka ikaika o ka plaster.Methyl celluloseHe hui kūpono ia no nā mea sima gypsum e hoʻohui ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka mānoanoa, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, a me ka viscosifying, koe wale nō kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole he hopena hoʻomaha ke nui ka dosage. ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka carboxymethyl cellulose. No kēia kumu, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea gelling composite gypsum e hoʻohana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka carboxymethyl cellulose a me ka methyl cellulose, ʻaʻole wale lākou e hoʻokō i ko lākou mau ʻano (e like me ka hopena hoʻomaha o ka carboxymethyl cellulose, ka hopena hoʻoikaika o ka methyl cellulose), a hoʻokō i ko lākou mau pono maʻamau (e like me ko lākou paʻa ʻana i ka wai a me ka hopena mānoanoa). Ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hana paʻa wai o ka mea sima gypsum a me ka hana piha o ka mea sima gypsum, ʻoiai ke mālama ʻia nei ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai ma kahi haʻahaʻa loa.