Ni iyihe miterere ya selulose ya carboxymethyl?

Ni iyihe miterere ya selulose ya carboxymethyl?

Igisubizo:Selulose ya karboksimetiliNanone ifite imiterere itandukanye bitewe n’ingano zayo zitandukanye zo gusimbuza. Igipimo cyo gusimbuza, kizwi kandi nka urugero rwo gusimbuza, bivuze umubare mpuzandengo wa H mu matsinda atatu ya OH hydroxyl yasimbuwe na CH2COONa. Iyo amatsinda atatu ya hydroxyl ari ku ruziga rushingiye kuri cellulose afite 0.4 H mu itsinda rya hydroxyl yasimbuwe na carboxymethyl, ishobora gushonga mu mazi. Muri iki gihe, yitwa 0.4 substitution degree cyangwa medium substitution degree (substitution degree 0.4-1.2).

Imiterere ya selulose ya karboksimetili:

(1) Ni ifu yera (cyangwa uduce duto, ifite uturemangingo), nta buryohe, nta kibazo, yoroshye gushonga mu mazi, kandi ikora ishusho ibonerana ifata, kandi umuti ni utari mu mazi cyangwa ufite alkaline nkeya. Ifite imbaraga zo gukwirakwira no gufatana neza.

(2) Umuti wayo w'amazi ushobora gukoreshwa nk'umusemburo w'amavuta/amazi n'amazi/amavuta. Ifite kandi ubushobozi bwo gukurura amavuta n'ibishashara, kandi ni umusemburo ukomeye w'amavuta.

(3) Iyo umuti uhuye n'umunyu mwinshi wa metali nka acetate y'icyitegererezo, ferric chloride, silver nitrate, stannous chloride, na potasiyumu dichromate, imvura irashobora kugwa. Ariko, uretse acetate y'icyitegererezo, ishobora kongera gushonga mu muti wa sodium hydroxide, kandi ibintu nk'ibya barium, icyuma na aluminiyumu byoroshye gushonga mu muti wa 1% wa ammonium hydroxide.

(4) Iyo umuti uhuye n'umuti wa aside organic na aside inorganic, imvura ishobora kugwa. Dukurikije ibyagaragaye, iyo pH ifite agaciro ka 2.5, amazi n'imvura byatangiye kugwa. Bityo, pH 2.5 ishobora gufatwa nk'ingingo y'ingenzi.

(5) Ku myunyu nka kalisiyumu, manyeziyumu n'umunyu wo ku meza, nta mvura izongera kugwa, ariko ubushyuhe bugomba kugabanuka, nko kongeramo EDTA cyangwa fosifate n'ibindi bintu kugira ngo biyirinde.

(6) Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bushyuhe bw'amazi. Ubushyuhe bugabanuka uko bungana iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, ndetse n'ubushyuhe buzamuka. Ubushyuhe bw'amazi ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba ntibuhinduka, ariko ubushyuhe bushobora kugabanuka buhoro buhoro iyo bushyushye hejuru ya 80°C igihe kirekire. Muri rusange, iyo ubushyuhe butarenze 110°C, nubwo ubushyuhe bwagumaho amasaha 3, hanyuma bugakonjeshwa kugeza kuri 25°C, ubushyuhe bukomeza gusubira uko bwari bumeze mbere; ariko iyo ubushyuhe bushyushye kugeza kuri 120°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 2, nubwo ubushyuhe bwasubijwe, ubushyuhe bugabanukaho 18.9%.

(7) Agaciro ka pH kazagira ingaruka ku buryo amazi acukura. Muri rusange, iyo pH y'umuti woroshye uvuye kuri neutral, ubukana bwayo ntacyo butanga, mu gihe ku muti wo hagati, iyo pH yayo ivuye kuri neutral, ubukana butangira kugabanuka buhoro buhoro; iyo pH y'umuti wo hejuru uvuye kuri neutral, ubukana bwayo buzagabanuka. Kugabanuka gukomeye.

(8) Ihuye n'izindi kole zishongesha amazi, ibintu byoroshye na resins. Urugero, ihuye n'iy'inyamaswa, gum arabic, glycerin na starch isongesha. Ihuye kandi n'ikirahure cy'amazi, polyvinyl alcohol, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, n'ibindi, ariko ku rugero ruto.

(9) Filimi yakozwe hakoreshejwe urumuri rwa ultraviolet mu gihe cy'amasaha 100 nta ibara cyangwa ububobere ifite.

(10) Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ubushyuhe bwo guhitamo ukurikije ikoreshwa. Kuri gypsum, koresha ubushyuhe buringaniye (2% by'amazi kuri 300-600mPa·s), niba uhisemo ubushyuhe bwinshi (1% by'amazi kuri 2000mPa·s cyangwa zirenga), ushobora kubikoresha mu gihe igipimo kigomba kugabanuka neza.

(11) Umuti wayo w'amazi ukora nk'ikintu kigabanya ubushyuhe muri gypsum.

(12) Bagiteri na mikorobe nta ngaruka zigaragara zigira ku ifu yayo, ariko zigira ingaruka ku mususu wayo w'amazi. Nyuma yo kwandura, ubushyuhe buragabanuka maze hakagaragara ibihumyo. Kongeramo ingano ikwiye y'ibihumyo mbere y'igihe bishobora kugumana ubushyuhe bwayo no gukumira ibihumyo igihe kirekire. Ibihumyo biboneka ni: BIT (1.2-benzisothiazolin-3-one), racebendazim, thiram, chlorothalonil, nibindi. Ingano y'inyongera mu mususu w'amazi ni 0.05% kugeza 0.1%.

Ni mu buhe buryo hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ikora nk'ikintu gifata amazi mu gufatanya na anhydrite?

Igisubizo: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ni igikoresho gifata amazi neza cyane mu bikoresho bitera sima ya gypsum. Iyo ingano ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yiyongera. Uburyo amazi abikwa mu bikoresho bitera sima ya gypsum bwiyongera cyane. Iyo nta kintu gifata amazi cyongewemo, igipimo cyo gufata amazi mu bikoresho bitera sima ya gypsum kiba hafi 68%. Iyo ingano y'ikintu gifata amazi ari 0.15%, igipimo cyo gufata amazi mu bikoresho bitera sima ya gypsum gishobora kugera kuri 90.5%. Kandi ibisabwa mu kubika amazi mu gipangu cyo hasi. Igipimo cy'ikintu gifata amazi kirenga 0.2%, byongera ingano, kandi igipimo cyo gufata amazi mu bikoresho bitera sima ya gypsum kirushaho kwiyongera buhoro buhoro. Gutegura ibikoresho bitera sima ya anhydrite. Igipimo gikwiye cya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ni 0.1%-0.15%.

Ni izihe ngaruka zitandukanye za cellulose zitandukanye kuri plaster ya paris?

Igisubizo: Selulosi ya karboksimetili na selulosi ya methyl byombi bishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibintu bibungabunga amazi kuri plasta ya pari, ariko ingaruka za selulosi ya karboksimetili zibungabunga amazi ni nke cyane ugereranyije n'iza selulosi ya methyl, kandi selulosi ya karboksimetili irimo umunyu wa sodiyumu, bityo ikaba ikwiriye Plasta ya Paris igira ingaruka zo kudindiza kandi ikagabanya imbaraga za plasta.Selulose ya Methylni uruvange rwiza rw’ibikoresho bya gypsum cementitious birimo kubika amazi, kuyagwiza, kuyakomeza no kuyavanga, uretse ko hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bugira ingaruka zo kudindiza iyo ingano ari nini kurusha cellulose ya carboxymethyl. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibikoresho byinshi bya gypsum composite gelling bikoresha uburyo bwo guhuza cellulose ya carboxymethyl na methyl cellulose, bidakoresha gusa imiterere yabyo (nk'ingaruka zo kudindiza cellulose ya carboxymethyl, ingaruka zo gukomeza methyl cellulose), kandi bikagira akamaro kabyo (nk'ingaruka zo kubika amazi no kuyavanga). Muri ubu buryo, imikorere yo kubika amazi y’ibikoresho bya gypsum cementitious ndetse n’imikorere yose y’ibikoresho bya gypsum cementitious ishobora kunozwa, mu gihe ukwiyongera kw’ikiguzi biguma ku rugero rwo hasi.