Udaka lwempuphu owomile luwudaka oluqediwe kancane olwenziwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa efektri ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganisa okunembile nokuxuba okufanayo. Lungasetshenziswa kuphela ngokungeza amanzi nokuxuba endaweni yokwakha. Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zodaka lwempuphu owomile, lusetshenziswa kabanzi. Esinye sezici zalo ezinkulu ukuthi ungqimba lwalo oluncane ludlala indima yokubopha, ukuhlobisa, ukuvikela kanye nokubeka ithayela. Isibonelo, udaka olunomsebenzi oyinhloko wokubopha luhlanganisa kakhulu udaka lwe-masonry, udaka lwamathayela odonga naphansi, udaka olukhombayo, udaka oluqinisayo, njll.; udaka olunomphumela oyinhloko wokuhlobisa luhlanganisa kakhulu udaka oluhlukahlukene lokuplasta, i-putty yezindonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, kanye nodaka olunemibala yokuhlobisa. njll.; udaka olungangeni manzi, udaka oluhlukahlukene olungagqwali, udaka oluzilinganisa phansi, udaka olungagugi, udaka oluvikela ukushisa, udaka olumunca umsindo, udaka lokulungisa, udaka olungavimbeli ukubola, udaka oluvikelayo, udaka oluvikelayo, njll. lusetshenziselwa ukuvikela. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwalo kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ngokuvamile lwakhiwe ngezinto zokufaka usimende, ukugcwalisa, ukuxubana kwamaminerali, i-pigment, ukuxubana nezinye izinto.
1. Isibopho
Izinto zokwakha ukhonkolo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ku-dry mix mortar yilezi: i-Portland cement, i-Portland cement ejwayelekile, i-high alumina cement, i-calcium silicate cement, i-gypsum yemvelo, i-lime, i-silica fume kanye nezingxube zalezi zinto. I-Portland cement (ngokuvamile i-Type I) noma i-Portland white cement yizona ezihlanganisa izinto eziyinhloko. Amanye ama-cement akhethekile avame ukudingeka ku-floor mortar. Inani le-binder libalelwa ku-20% ~ 40% wekhwalithi yomkhiqizo we-dry mix.
2. Umgcwalisi
Izigcwalisi eziyinhloko ze-dry powder mortar yilezi: isihlabathi esiphuzi, isihlabathi se-quartz, i-limestone, i-dolomite, i-expanded perlite, njll. Lezi zigcwalisi ziyachotshozwa, zomiswe, bese zihlungwa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu: eziqinile, eziphakathi nendawo, nezincane. Usayizi wezinhlayiya yilokhu: i-coarse filler engu-4mm-2mm, i-medium filler engu-2mm-0.1mm, kanye ne-filler encane engaphansi kuka-0.1mm. Emikhiqizweni enosayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, i-fine stone powder kanye ne-limestone ehlungiwe kufanele kusetshenziswe njenge-aggregates. I-dry powder mortar evamile ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela i-limestone echotshoziwe, kodwa futhi nesihlabathi esomisiwe nesivikelwe njenge-aggregate. Uma isihlabathi sisezingeni elanele ukuthi sisetshenziswe kukhonkrithi yesakhiwo yezinga eliphezulu, kumele sihlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqizwa kwezingxube ezomile. Isihluthulelo sokukhiqiza i-dry powder mortar enekhwalithi ethembekile sisebucikweni bobukhulu bezinhlayiya zezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokunemba kwesilinganiso sokudla, esitholakala emgqeni wokukhiqiza ozenzakalelayo we-dry powder mortar.
3. Izingxube zamaminerali
Izingxube zamaminerali ze-dry powder mortar ziyizi: imikhiqizo engaphansi kwezimboni, imfucuza yezimboni kanye neminye i-ore yemvelo, njenge: i-slag, umlotha wempukane, umlotha wentaba-mlilo, i-silica powder ecolekile, njll. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwalezi zingxube ikakhulukazi yi-silicon equkethe i-calcium oxide. I-aluminium hydrochloride inomsebenzi ophezulu kanye nobunzima be-hydraulic.
4. Ukuxubana
Ukuhlanganiswa kuyisihluthulelo se-dry powder mortar, uhlobo kanye nobuningi bokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo phakathi kokuhlanganiswa kuhlobene nekhwalithi kanye nokusebenza komdaka we-dry powder mortar. Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kanye nokuhlangana komdaka we-dry powder mortar, thuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka komdaka, wehlise ukuvuleka, futhi wenze i-mortar ingabi lula ukuyopha nokuhlukana, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokwakhiwa komdaka we-dry powder mortar futhi kuncishiswe izindleko zokukhiqiza. Njenge-polymer rubber powder, i-wood fiber, i-hydroxymethyl cellulose ether, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, i-modified polypropylene fiber, i-PVA fiber kanye nezinye izinto zokunciphisa amanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-26-2024