Udongwe oluyimpuphu owomileyo ludongwe olugqityiweyo olwenziwe ngezinto eziluhlaza efektri ngokusebenzisa ukuxuba ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuxuba okufanayo. Lungasetyenziswa kuphela ngokongeza amanzi kunye nokuxuba kwindawo yokwakha. Ngenxa yobuninzi bodongwe oluyimpuphu owomileyo, lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukuba umaleko walo obhityileyo udlala indima yokubopha, ukuhombisa, ukukhusela kunye nokuthomalalisa. Umzekelo, udongwe olunomsebenzi oyintloko wokubopha luquka udaka lokwakha, udaka lweethayile zodonga kunye nomgangatho, udaka olukhombayo, udaka oluqhoboshelayo, njl. njl.; udaka olunesiphumo esiphambili sokuhlobisa luquka ikakhulu udongwe oluplastayo, i-putty yeendonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, kunye nodaka olunemibala yokuhombisa. njl. njl.; udaka olungangeni manzi, udongwe oluhlukeneyo olumelana nokugqwala, udaka oluzilawulayo emhlabeni, udaka olumelana nokuguguleka, udaka olugqumayo ngobushushu, udaka olufunxa isandi, udaka lokulungisa, udaka olumelana nokubola, udaka olukhuselayo, njl.njl. zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela. Ke ngoko, ukwakheka kwalo kuyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye ngokubanzi lwenziwe ngezinto zokufaka isamente, i-filler, umxube weeminerali, i-pigment, umxube kunye nezinye izinto.
1. Isibopheleli
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwisamente yomxube owomileyo zezi: isamente yasePortland, isamente eqhelekileyo yasePortland, isamente ephezulu ye-alumina, isamente ye-calcium silicate, i-gypsum yendalo, ilayimu, i-silica fume kunye nemixube yezi zinto. Isamente yasePortland (edla ngokuba yi-Type I) okanye isamente emhlophe yasePortland zezona zibopheleli ziphambili. Ezinye iisamente ezikhethekileyo zihlala zifuneka kwisamente yomgangatho. Ubungakanani besamente bubandakanya i-20% ~ 40% yomgangatho wemveliso yomxube owomileyo.
2. Isigcwalisi
Izizalisi eziphambili ze-dry powder mortar zezi: isanti etyheli, isanti ye-quartz, i-limestone, i-dolomite, i-expanded perlite, njl. Ezi zizalisi ziyacolwa, zomiswe, zize zihluzwe zibe ziintlobo ezintathu: ezirhabaxa, eziphakathi, nezicolekileyo. Ubungakanani be-particle buyi: i-coarse filler 4mm-2mm, i-medium filler 2mm-0.1mm, kunye ne-final filler engaphantsi kwe-0.1mm. Kwiimveliso ezinobukhulu obuncinci be-particle, i-fine stone powder kunye ne-limestone ehluziweyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe njenge-aggregates. I-dry powder mortar eqhelekileyo ingasetyenziswa kungekuphela nje i-limestone etyumkileyo, kodwa kunye nesanti eyomileyo nehluziweyo njenge-aggregate. Ukuba isanti inomgangatho owaneleyo wokusetyenziswa kwikhonkrithi yesakhiwo ephezulu, kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuvelisa imixube eyomileyo. Isitshixo sokwenza i-dry powder mortar enomgangatho othembekileyo sisekuqondeni ubukhulu be-particle yezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokuchaneka komlinganiselo wokutya, ofumaneka kumgca wokuvelisa ozenzekelayo we-dry powder mortar.
3. Umxube weeminerali
Iingxubevange zeminerali ze-dry powder mortar ikakhulu zezi: iimveliso eziphuma kwimizi-mveliso, inkunkuma yemizi-mveliso kunye nezinye izinto zendalo, ezifana: i-slag, i-fly ash, i-volcanic ash, i-fine silica powder, njl. Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali zezi ngxubevange ikakhulu yi-silicon equlethe i-calcium oxide. I-aluminium hydrochloride inomsebenzi ophezulu kunye nobunzima be-hydraulic.
4. Umxube
Umxube yeyona nto iphambili kwi-dry powder mortar, uhlobo kunye nobungakanani bomxube kunye nokulungelelaniswa phakathi kwe-dry powder mortar zihambelana nomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwe-dry powder mortar. Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kunye nokudibana kwe-dry powder mortar, phucula ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwe-dry powder mortar, nciphisa ukuvuleka, kwaye wenze i-dry dryer ingabi lula ukuyikhupha nokuzahlula, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kolwakhiwo lwe-dry powder mortar kwaye kuncitshiswe iindleko zemveliso. Ezifana ne-polymer rubber powder, i-wood fiber, i-hydroxymethyl cellulose ether, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, i-modified polypropylene fiber, i-PVA fiber kunye nee-arhente ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa amanzi.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-26-2024