Inkqubo yokukhupha i-cellulose ethers ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela okukhupha i-cellulose kwizinto eziluhlaza kwaye emva koko uyitshintshe ibe yi-cellulose ethers. Ii-cellulose ethers ziikhompawundi ezinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, kubandakanya amayeza, ukutya, amalaphu kunye nokwakha. Inkqubo yokukhupha i-pulping ibalulekile ekufumaneni i-cellulose esemgangathweni ophezulu, izinto eziluhlaza zokuvelisa ii-cellulose ethers. Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo eneenkcukacha zenkqubo yokukhupha i-cellulose ether:
1. Ukukhetha izinto eziluhlaza:
Inkqubo yokukhupha i-pulping iqala ngokukhetha izinto eziluhlaza eziqulethe i-cellulose. Imithombo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya umthi, umqhaphu, kunye nezinye iifayibha zezityalo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nokufumaneka kwe-cellulose ether, iindleko kunye neempawu ezifunekayo.
2. Indlela yokwenza intlama:
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokusebenzisa i-cellulose pulping, ikakhulu kuquka i-chemical pulping kunye ne-mechanical pulping.
3. Ukuxuba iikhemikhali:
Ukucoca ngobuchule: Kubandakanya ukunyanga iitships zomthi ngomxube we-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-sodium sulfide. Le nkqubo iyayinyibilikisa i-lignin, ishiye iifayibha ze-cellulosic.
I-sulfite pulping: Ukusebenzisa i-sulfurous acid okanye i-bisulfite ukuqhekeza i-lignin kwi-feedstock.
Ukuxutywa kwe-organic solvent: Ukusebenzisa izinyibilikisi ze-organic ezifana ne-ethanol okanye i-methanol ukunyibilikisa i-lignin nokwahlula imicu ye-cellulose.
4. Umatshini wokugaya:
Ukutyumba iinkuni ezicoliweyo ngamatye: Kubandakanya ukugawula iinkuni phakathi kwamatye ukuze kwahlulwe imicu ngoomatshini.
I-Refiner Mechanical Pulping: Isebenzisa amandla oomatshini ukwahlula imicu ngokucoca iitships zomthi.
5. Ukufunxa:
Emva kokuyixuba, i-cellulose idlula kwinkqubo yokuyixuba ukuze kususwe ukungcola nombala. I-chlorine, i-chlorine dioxide, i-hydrogen peroxide okanye i-oxygen zingasetyenziswa ngexesha lesigaba sokuyixuba.
5.. Ukuguqulwa kweseli:
Emva kokuhlanjululwa, i-cellulose iyaguqulwa ukuze ivelise ii-ether ze-cellulose. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-etherification, i-esterification kunye nezinye iimpendulo zamakhemikhali ukutshintsha iipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali ze-cellulose.
6. Inkqubo yokufakelwa kwe-ether:
I-Alkalization: Ukunyanga i-cellulose nge-alkali (ngesiqhelo i-sodium hydroxide) ukuvelisa i-alkali cellulose.
Ukongeza ii-etherifying agents: I-alkaline cellulose isabela kwii-etherifying agents (ezifana nee-alkyl halides okanye ii-alkylene oxides) ukuze ingenise amaqela e-ether kwisakhiwo se-cellulose.
Ukungaguquguquki: Ukungaguquguquki komxube wempendulo ukuze kupheliswe ukusabela kwaye ufumane imveliso ye-cellulose ether oyifunayo.
7. Ukuhlamba nokomisa:
Imveliso ye-cellulose ether iyahlanjwa ukuze kususwe izinto ezishiyekileyo kunye nokungcola. Emva kokucoca, izinto zomiswa ukuze kufunyanwe umswakama ofunekayo.
8. Ukusila kunye nokuhlola:
Ii-ether ze-cellulose ezomileyo zingagaywa ukuze kufunyanwe ubungakanani obuthile bee-particle. Ukusila kusetyenziselwa ukwahlula ii-particles ezinobukhulu obufunekayo.
8. Ulawulo lomgangatho:
Amanyathelo okulawula umgangatho asetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-ether ze-cellulose ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho ethile. Oku kuquka ukuvavanywa kwe-viscosity, ubungakanani bokutshintshwa, umxholo womswakama kunye nezinye iiparameter ezifanelekileyo.
9. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuhanjiswa:
Imveliso yokugqibela ye-cellulose ether iyapakishwa kwaye isasazwe kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukupakishwa okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wemveliso ugcinwa ngexesha lokugcina nokuthuthwa.
Inkqubo yokukhupha i-cellulose ether luluhlu oluntsonkothileyo lwamanyathelo aquka ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, indlela yokukhupha i-pulping, ukumhlopheza, ukuguqulwa kwe-cellulose, ukufakelwa kwe-ether, ukuhlamba, ukomisa, ukugaya kunye nokulawula umgangatho. Inyathelo ngalinye libalulekile ekumiseleni umgangatho kunye neempawu ze-cellulose ether eveliswayo, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo. Ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kuyaqhubeka nokuphucula nokwenza ngcono ezi nkqubo ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso ye-cellulose ether.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-15-2024