Ts'ebetso ea ho pulpa ea li-ether tsa cellulose e kenyelletsa mehato e 'maloa ea ho ntša cellulose ho tsoa linthong tse tala ebe ka mor'a moo e fetoloa hore e be li-ether tsa cellulose. Li-ether tsa cellulose ke metsoako e mengata e nang le ts'ebeliso indastering e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa meriana, lijo, masela le kaho. Ts'ebetso ea ho pulpa ke ea bohlokoa ho fumana cellulose ea boleng bo holimo, thepa e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea li-ether tsa cellulose. Tlhaloso e qaqileng ea ts'ebetso ea ho pulpa ea ether ea cellulose ke ena:
1. Khetho ea thepa e tala:
Ts'ebetso ea ho phunya e qala ka khetho ea thepa e tala e nang le cellulose. Mehloli e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa lehong, k'hothone le likhoele tse ling tsa limela. Khetho ea thepa e tala e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse kang ho fumaneha ha ether ea cellulose, litšenyehelo le thepa e lakatsehang.
2. Mokhoa oa ho etsa makhasi:
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho pulping ea cellulose, haholo-holo ho kenyeletsoa le ho pulping ea lik'hemik'hale le ho pulping ea mechine.
3. Ho phunya lik'hemik'hale:
Ho pulping ka kraft: Ho kenyelletsa ho phekola di-chip tsa patsi ka motswako wa sodium hydroxide le sodium sulfide. Ts'ebetso ena e qhala lignin, e siya difaeba tsa cellulosic.
Ho pulphisa sulfite: Ho sebedisa asiti ya sulfurous kapa bisulfite ho qhaqha lignin ka hara dijo.
Ho pulping ea solvent ea tlhaho: Ho sebelisa li-solvent tsa tlhaho tse kang ethanol kapa methanol ho qhala lignin le ho arola likhoele tsa cellulose.
4. Ho phunya ka mechine:
Ho sila patsi ka lejwe: Ho kenyelletsa ho sila patsi pakeng tsa majoe ho arola likhoele ka mokhoa oa mechine.
Ho phunya Mechanical Pulping: Ho sebedisa matla a mechini ho arola difaeba ka ho hlwekisa di-chip tsa patsi.
5. Ho soeufatsa:
Kamora ho phunya, cellulose e feta ts'ebetsong ea ho soeufatsa ho tlosa litšila le 'mala. Chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide kapa oksijene li ka sebelisoa nakong ea mohato oa ho soeufatsa.
5.. Phetoho ea selulose:
Kamora ho hlwekisa, cellulose e fetoloa ho hlahisa di-ether tsa cellulose. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa ho etsa etherification, esterification le dikarabelo tse ding tsa dikhemikhale ho fetola thepa ya mmele le ya dikhemikhale ya cellulose.
6. Ts'ebetso ea ho fetola ether:
Alkalization: Ho phekola cellulose ka alkali (hangata sodium hydroxide) ho hlahisa alkali cellulose.
Ho eketsa di-etherifying agents: Alkaline cellulose e arabela le di-etherifying agents (tse kang alkyl halides kapa alkylene oxides) ho kenya dihlopha tsa ether sebopehong sa cellulose.
Ho se be le 'mele: Ho se be le 'mele motsoako oa karabelo ho felisa karabelo le ho fumana sehlahisoa se lakatsehang sa ether ea cellulose.
7. Ho hlatsoa le ho omisa:
Sehlahisoa sa ether ea cellulose se hlatsuoa ho tlosa lihlahisoa tse setseng le litšila. Kamora ho hloekisa, thepa e omisoa ho fihlela mongobo o lakatsehang.
8. Ho sila le ho hlahloba:
Li-ether tsa cellulose tse omileng li ka siloa ho fumana boholo bo itseng ba likaroloana. Ho siloa ho sebelisoa ho arola likaroloana tsa boholo bo hlokahalang.
8. Taolo ea boleng:
Mehato ea taolo ea boleng e kenngoa tšebetsong ho netefatsa hore li-ether tsa cellulose li fihlela maemo a boletsoeng. Sena se kenyelletsa ho lekoa ha viscosity, tekanyo ea ho nkeloa sebaka, mongobo le liparamente tse ling tse amehang.
9. Sephutheloana le thomello:
Sehlahisoa sa ho qetela sa ether ea cellulose se phutheloa le ho ajoa liindastering tse fapaneng. Sephutheloana se nepahetseng se etsa bonnete ba hore boleng ba sehlahisoa boa bolokoa nakong ea polokelo le lipalangoang.
Ts'ebetso ea ho pulpa ea ether ea cellulose ke letoto le rarahaneng la mehato e kenyeletsang khetho ea thepa e tala, mokhoa oa ho pulpa, ho soeufatsa, phetoho ea cellulose, ho etherification, ho hlatsoa, ho omisa, ho sila le taolo ea boleng. Mohato o mong le o mong o bohlokoa ho khethoeng boleng le thepa ea ether ea cellulose e hlahisoang, e leng se etsang hore e lokele mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso. Tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsena ho eketsa bokhoni le botsitso ba tlhahiso ea ether ea cellulose.
Nako ea poso: Pherekhong-15-2024