Cov txheej txheem pulping ntawm cellulose ethers muaj ntau kauj ruam ntawm kev rho tawm cellulose los ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab tom qab ntawd hloov kho nws mus rau hauv cellulose ethers. Cellulose ethers yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev siv hauv ntau yam lag luam, suav nrog tshuaj, khoom noj, textiles thiab kev tsim kho. Cov txheej txheem pulping yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov cellulose zoo, cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov cellulose ethers. Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov txheej txheem pulping cellulose ether:
1. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw:
Cov txheej txheem pulping pib nrog kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw uas muaj cellulose. Cov chaw feem ntau suav nrog ntoo, paj rwb, thiab lwm yam fibers ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw nyob ntawm cov yam xws li kev muaj cellulose ether, tus nqi thiab cov yam ntxwv xav tau.
2. Txoj kev ua cov pulp:
Muaj ntau txoj kev ntawm cellulose pulping, feem ntau suav nrog tshuaj pulping thiab mechanical pulping.
3. Kev siv tshuaj pulping:
Kev siv cov khoom siv kraft pulping: Yuav tsum siv cov sodium hydroxide thiab sodium sulfide los kho cov ntoo uas twb muaj lawm. Cov txheej txheem no yaj cov lignin, thiab tseem muaj cov cellulosic fibers nyob tom qab.
Kev siv sulfite pulping: Siv cov kua qaub sulfurous lossis bisulfite los rhuav tshem cov lignin hauv cov khoom noj.
Kev siv cov kuab tshuaj organic: Siv cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li ethanol lossis methanol los yaj lignin thiab cais cov cellulose fibers.
4. Kev siv tshuab pulping:
Kev sib tsoo ntoo hauv pob zeb: Kev sib tsoo ntoo ntawm cov pob zeb kom cais cov fibers.
Refiner Mechanical Pulping: Siv lub zog tshuab los cais cov fibers los ntawm kev ua kom cov ntoo chips zoo.
5. Tshuaj dawb:
Tom qab pulping, cellulose dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem bleaching kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv thiab xim. Chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide lossis oxygen tuaj yeem siv thaum lub sijhawm bleaching.
5.. Kev hloov kho cellulose:
Tom qab ua kom huv, cellulose raug hloov kho kom tsim cov cellulose ethers. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau suav nrog etherification, esterification thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg los hloov cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj ntawm cellulose.
6. Cov txheej txheem Etherification:
Alkalization: Kho cov cellulose nrog alkali (feem ntau yog sodium hydroxide) los tsim cov alkali cellulose.
Ntxiv cov neeg sawv cev etherifying: Alkaline cellulose reacts nrog cov neeg sawv cev etherifying (xws li alkyl halides lossis alkylene oxides) los qhia cov pab pawg ether rau hauv cov qauv cellulose.
Kev Ua Kom Tsis Muaj Zog: Ua kom cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke tsis muaj zog kom xaus qhov kev ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab tau txais cov khoom cellulose ether uas xav tau.
7. Ntxuav thiab ziab:
Cov khoom cellulose ether raug ntxuav kom tshem tawm cov khoom seem thiab cov khoom tsis huv. Tom qab ntxuav, cov khoom raug ziab kom ua tiav cov dej noo uas xav tau.
8. Kev sib tsoo thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam:
Cov cellulose ethers qhuav tuaj yeem zom kom tau txais cov khoom me me tshwj xeeb. Kev sib xyaw yog siv los cais cov khoom me me ntawm qhov loj me xav tau.
8. Kev tswj xyuas zoo:
Cov kev ntsuas tswj xyuas zoo raug siv los xyuas kom meej tias cov cellulose ethers ua tau raws li cov qauv tshwj xeeb. Qhov no suav nrog kev sim ntawm viscosity, qib ntawm kev hloov pauv, cov dej noo thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas tseem ceeb.
9. Ntim thiab xa khoom:
Cov khoom cellulose ether kawg tau ntim thiab faib rau ntau yam lag luam. Kev ntim khoom kom zoo ua kom cov khoom zoo thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia thiab thauj mus los.
Cov txheej txheem pulping ntawm cellulose ether yog ib qho txheej txheem nyuaj ntawm cov kauj ruam uas cuam tshuam nrog kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw, txoj kev pulping, bleaching, cellulose hloov kho, etherification, ntxuav, ziab, sib tsoo thiab tswj xyuas zoo. Txhua kauj ruam yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov zoo thiab cov khoom ntawm cellulose ether tsim tawm, ua rau nws haum rau ntau yam kev siv. Kev nce qib thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem no kom ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev tsim cellulose ether.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-15-2024