Kushandisa cellulose sezvinhu zvakabikwa,CMC-NaYakagadzirwa nenzira ine matanho maviri. Yekutanga inzira ye alkalizing ye cellulose. Cellulose inosangana ne sodium hydroxide kugadzira alkali cellulose, uye alkali cellulose inosangana ne chloroacetic acid kugadzira CMC-Na, iyo inonzi etherification.
Sisitimu ye reaction inofanira kunge iri alkaline. Maitiro aya ndeeWilliamson ether synthesis method. Maitiro e reaction ndeye nucleophilic substitution. Sisitimu ye reaction ndeye alkaline, uye inoperekedzwa nemamwe maitiro e side reactions kana paine mvura, senge sodium glycolate, glycolic acid nezvimwe zvinobva mairi. Nekuda kwekuvapo kwe side reactions, kushandiswa kwe alkali ne etherification agent kuchawedzerwa, nokudaro zvichideredza kushanda kwe etherification; Panguva imwe chete, sodium glycolate, glycolic acid nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kuchena mumunyu zvinogona kugadzirwa mu side reaction, zvichikonzera kuchena uye kuderera kwekushanda kwechigadzirwa. Kuti udzivise side reactions, hazvidiwi kushandisa alkali zvine musoro chete, asiwo kudzora huwandu hwemvura system, kuwanda kwe alkali uye nzira ye stirization nechinangwa che alkalization yakakwana. Panguva imwe chete, zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa pa viscosity uye mwero we substitution zvinofanirwa kufungwa, uye kumhanya kwe stirification ne tembiricha zvinofanirwa kufungwa zvizere. Kudzora nezvimwe zvinhu, kuwedzera mwero we etherification, uye kudzivirira kuitika kwe side reactions.
Zvichienderana ne etherification media dzakasiyana, kugadzirwa kweCMC-Na mumaindasitiri kunogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: nzira inobva mumvura uye nzira inobva mu solvent. Nzira inoshandisa mvura se reaction medium inonzi water medium method, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira alkaline medium uye low-grade CMC-Na. Nzira yekushandisa organic solvent se reaction method inonzi solvent method, iyo yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwepakati nepamusoro CMC-Na. Izvi zviviri zvinoitwa mu kneader, iyo iri ye kneading process uye parizvino ndiyo nzira huru yekugadzira CMC-Na.
Nzira yepakati pemvura:
Nzira inofambiswa nemvura inzira yekutanga yekugadzira maindasitiri, iyo ndeyekugadzirisa alkali cellulose uye etherification agent pasi pemamiriro e free alkali nemvura. Munguva ye alkaliization uye etherification, hapana organic medium musystem. Zvinodiwa zvemidziyo ye water media nzira zviri nyore, nekudyara mari shoma uye mutengo wakaderera. Dambudziko nderekushaikwa kwemvura yakawanda medium, kupisa kunokonzerwa ne reaction kunowedzera tembiricha, kukurumidzisa kumhanya kwe side reactions, kunotungamira mukusashanda zvakanaka kwe etherification, uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Nzira iyi inoshandiswa kugadzirira zvigadzirwa zve CMC-Na zvepakati nepasi, zvakaita se detergents, textile size agents nezvimwewo.
Nzira yekunyungudutsa:
Nzira yekunyungudutsa inonziwo nzira yekunyungudutsa yeorganic, uye chinhu chikuru chayo ndechekuti maitiro ekunyungudutsa uye etherification anoitwa pasi pemamiriro e organic solvent se reaction medium (diluent). Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe reactive diluent, yakakamurwa kuva nzira yekukanya uye nzira yekutsvedza. Nzira yekunyungudutsa yakafanana nemaitiro e reaction enzira yemvura, uye inewo matanho maviri e alkaliization uye etherification, asi nzira ye reaction yematanho maviri aya yakasiyana. Nzira yekunyungudutsa inochengetedza maitiro ekunyikisa alkali, kudzvanya, kupwanya, kukwegura nezvimwewo zviri mumvura, uye alkaliization uye etherification zvese zvinoitwa mu kneader. Dambudziko nderekuti kudzora tembiricha kwakaderera, uye zvinodiwa nenzvimbo nemutengo zvakakwirira. Ehe, pakugadzira marongero akasiyana emidziyo, zvakakosha kudzora tembiricha yesystem, nguva yekudya, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvine mhando yepamusoro uye mashandiro agone kugadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-25-2024