Cellulose ether: zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemagetsi zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya, uye musika uri kukura.
Cellulose ether rudzi rwezvinhu zvinobva mupolymer yechisikigo, zvine hunhu hwe emulsification uye suspension. Mumhando dzakawanda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether iyo iri HPMC ndiyo goho repamusoro, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa, kugadzirwa kwayo kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza.
Mumakore achangopfuura, tichibatsirwa nekukura kwehupfumi hwenyika, kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether yenyika yedu kunowedzera gore negore. Panguva imwe chete, nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi netekinoroji yemuno, kudiwa kwekutanga kwekupinza huwandu hwakawanda hwe cellulose ether yepamusoro ikozvino kwava kuita kuti zvinhu zviwanikwe munzvimbo yazvo zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kutengeswa kwe cellulose ether yemuno kuri kuwedzera. Data rinoratidza kuti kubva muna Ndira kusvika Mbudzi 2020, China yakatumira matani 64,806 e cellulose ether, yakakwira ne14.2% pagore, kupfuura gore rose ra2019.
Mumakore achangopfuura, tichibatsirwa nekukura kwehupfumi hwenyika, kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether yenyika yedu kunowedzera gore negore. Panguva imwe chete, nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi netekinoroji yemuno, kudiwa kwekutanga kwekupinza huwandu hwakawanda hwe cellulose ether yepamusoro ikozvino kwava kuita kuti zvinhu zviwanikwe munzvimbo yazvo zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kutengeswa kwe cellulose ether yemuno kuri kuwedzera. Data rinoratidza kuti kubva muna Ndira kusvika Mbudzi 2020, China yakatumira matani 64,806 e cellulose ether, yakakwira ne14.2% pagore, kupfuura gore rose ra2019.
Cellulose ether yakanganiswa nemitengo yedonje iri kukwira
Zvinhu zvikuru zvekushandisa pakugadzira cellulose ethers zvinosanganisira zvigadzirwa zvekurima nemasango, zvinosanganisira donje rakacheneswa, uye zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, zvinosanganisira propylene oxide. Donje rakacheneswa idonje pfupi cashmere, uye donje pfupi cashmere inonyanya kugadzirwa muShandong, Xinjiang, Hebei neJiangsu. Kunobva donje rakacheneswa kwakawanda uye kwakakwana.
Donje rine chikamu chikuru muchimiro chehupfumi hwekurima kwezvinhu, uye mutengo waro unokanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze uye kuwanikwa nekudiwa kwenyika dzese. Saizvozvowo, propylene oxide, chloromethane nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvinokanganiswawo nemitengo yemafuta asina kucheneswa pasi rose. Sezvo zvinhu zvisina kucheneswa zvichikonzera chikamu chikuru muchimiro chemutengo we cellulose ether, kuchinja kwemutengo wezvinhu zvisina kucheneswa kunokanganisa zvakananga mutengo wekutengesa we cellulose ether.
Kuti vakwanise kugadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwemutengo, vagadziri ve cellulose ether vanowanzo endesa kumanikidzwa kuindasitiri iri pasi, asi mhedzisiro yekufambisa inokanganiswa nekuoma kwezvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi, kusiyana kwezvigadzirwa uye mwero wemutengo wezvigadzirwa uye kukosha kwakawedzerwa. Kazhinji, mabhizinesi ane zvipingamupinyi zvepamusoro zvehunyanzvi, mapoka ezvigadzirwa akapfuma uye kukosha kwakawedzerwa ane mabhenefiti makuru uye achachengetedza purofiti yakagadzikana. Zvikasadaro, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kutarisana nekumanikidzwa kukuru kwemutengo. Pamusoro pezvo, kana nharaunda yekunze isina kugadzikana uye huwandu hwekuchinja kwezvigadzirwa hwakakura, mabhizinesi epamusoro-soro anoda kusarudza vatengi vari pasi vane huwandu hukuru hwekugadzira uye simba rakasimba, kuitira kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mabhenefiti ehupfumi anowanikwa panguva yakakodzera uye kuderedza njodzi. Naizvozvo, izvi zvinoganhurira kukura kwemakambani madiki e cellulose ether kusvika pamwero wakati.
Cellulose ether rudzi rwezvinhu zvinobva mupolymer yechisikigo, zvine hunhu hwe emulsification uye suspension. Mumhando dzakawanda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether iyo iri HPMC ndiyo goho repamusoro, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa, kugadzirwa kwayo kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza.
Nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiitwa nesainzi netekinoroji, musika wezvinodiwa uri kukura, uye huwandu hwekushandiswa huri kuramba huchikura, uye kudiwa kuri kuramba kuchikura. Muchimiro chemusika we cellulose ether, zvinhu zvekuvaka, kubvisa mafuta, chikafu nezvimwe zvinhu zvine chinzvimbo chikuru. Pakati pavo, chikamu chezvinhu zvekuvaka ndicho musika wevatengi wakakura, uchiita zvinopfuura 30%.
Indasitiri yekuvaka ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zveHPMC
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, zvigadzirwa zveHPMC zvine chisungo chakakosha, kuchengetedza mvura nezvimwe zvinokanganisa. Mushure mekusanganisa huwandu hushoma hweHPMC nesimbi yesimbi, viscosity, tensile uye shear stretch yesimbi yesimbi, simbi uye binder zvinogona kuwedzerwa, kuitira kuvandudza mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka, kuvandudza mhando yekuvaka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuvaka. Pamusoro pezvo, HPMC zvakare inodzivirira kugadzirwa nekutakurwa kwesimbi yekutengeserana, iyo inoita basa rekuvharira mvura uye kuwedzera hunhu hwesimbi yesimbi. Parizvino, HPMC ndiyo inonyanya kukosha cellulose ether zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mukuvaka sealing zvinhu.
Indasitiri yekuvaka ndiyo indasitiri huru yehupfumi hwenyika yedu. Data rinoratidza kuti nzvimbo yekuvaka dzimba yakawedzera kubva pamamita 7.08 bhiriyoni muna 2010 kusvika pamamita 14.42 bhiriyoni muna 2019, zvichikonzera kukura kwemusika we cellulose ether.
Kukura kweindasitiri yezvivakwa kwakawedzera, uye nzvimbo yekuvaka nekutengesa yakawedzera gore negore. Ruzivo rweveruzhinji runoratidza kuti muna 2020, kudzikira kwemwedzi wega wega kwenzvimbo itsva yekuvaka dzimba dzekutengeserana kuri kuramba kuchiderera, zvichidzika ne1.87% gore rega rega, 2021 inotarisirwa kuramba ichigadzirisa. Mumwedzi miviri yekutanga yegore rino, kukura kwenzvimbo dzekugara dzekutengeserana kwakawedzera kusvika pa104.9%, kuwedzera kwakanaka.
Kuchera mafuta
Musika weindasitiri yemabasa einjiniya yekuchera unokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekudyara kwepasi rose kweE&P, neinenge 40% yeportfolio yekuongorora pasi rose yakatsaurirwa kumabasa einjiniya yekuchera.
Munguva yekuchera nekugadzira mafuta, mvura yekuchera inoita basa rakakosha mukutakura nekumisa machipisi, kusimbisa madziro emaburi uye kuenzana kwekumanikidzwa kwekugadzira, kutonhodza nekuzora mafuta, uye kutamisa masimba ehydrodynamic. Saka, mubasa rekuchera mafuta, zvakakosha kuchengetedza hunyoro hwakakodzera, viscosity, fluidity nezvimwe zviratidzo zvemvura yekuchera. Polyanionic cellulose, kana kuti PAC, inogona kukora, kukwiza mafuta, uye kutamisa masimba ehydrodynamic. Nekuda kwemamiriro akaoma enzvimbo yekuchengetera mafuta uye kuoma kwekuchera, kune huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandiswa kwePAC.
Indasitiri yezvinhu zvinobatsira mumishonga
Maether e-cellulose asiri e-ionic anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemishonga sezvinhu zvinosanganisa mishonga, zvakaita sezvinobatanidza, zvinoparadzira, zvinosanganisa makemikari uye zvinogadzira firimu. Inoshandiswa pakuputira firimu uye kunamira mapiritsi emishonga, uye inogona kushandiswawo muzvimisikidzo, kugadzira maziso, mapiritsi anoyangarara nezvimwewo. Nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakuchena uye kusimba kwezvigadzirwa zve ether zvemishonga zve cellulose, maitiro ekugadzira akaomarara uye nzira dzekusuka dzakaoma. Zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve ether zve cellulose, mwero wekuunganidza wakaderera, mutengo wekugadzira wakakwira, asi kukosha kwekuwedzera kwechigadzirwa kwakakwirawo. Zvinhu zvinosanganisa mishonga zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mishonga yemakemikari, mushonga wepatent wechiChinese, zvigadzirwa zve biological uye biochemical nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemishonga.
Nekuti indasitiri yezvinhu zvinobatsira zvemishonga yakatanga kunonoka, huwandu hwese hwekuvandudza huripo parizvino, mashandiro eindasitiri iyi anofanira kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya. Pakati pehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvemishonga yemuno, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvemishonga yemuno hunosvika chikamu chidiki che2%-3%, icho chiri pasi zvakanyanya pane chezvigadzirwa zvemishonga zvekunze (anenge 15%). Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kuchine nzvimbo yakakura yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinobatsira zvemishonga yemuno, izvo zvinotarisirwa kutungamira kukura kwemusika we cellulose ether.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-31-2022