ʻEtera Cellulose: ʻoi aku ka hopena o nā mea maka o uka, a ke ulu nei ka mākeke ma lalo.
ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi ʻano mea i loaʻa mai ka polymer kūlohelohe, nona nā ʻano emulsification a me ka suspension. I nā ʻano he nui, ʻo ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo HPMC ka hua kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia, ke piʻi wikiwiki nei kāna hana ʻana.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka pōmaikaʻi mai ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, piʻi ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether o ko mākou ʻāina i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka manawa like, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana kūloko, ʻo ka pono mua e lawe mai i kahi nui o ka cellulose ether kiʻekiʻe i kēia manawa e ʻike mālie i ka localization, a ke piʻi nei ka lawe ʻana aku o ka cellulose ether kūloko. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili mai Ianuali a Nowemapa 2020, ua lawe aku ʻo Kina i 64,806 tons o ka cellulose ether, i piʻi aʻe he 14.2% i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka makahiki 2019 holoʻokoʻa.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka pōmaikaʻi mai ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, piʻi ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether o ko mākou ʻāina i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka manawa like, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana kūloko, ʻo ka pono mua e lawe mai i kahi nui o ka cellulose ether kiʻekiʻe i kēia manawa e ʻike mālie i ka localization, a ke piʻi nei ka lawe ʻana aku o ka cellulose ether kūloko. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili mai Ianuali a Nowemapa 2020, ua lawe aku ʻo Kina i 64,806 tons o ka cellulose ether, i piʻi aʻe he 14.2% i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka makahiki 2019 holoʻokoʻa.
Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka Cellulose ether e nā kumukūʻai pulupulu o uka
ʻO nā mea maka nui no nā cellulose ethers e komo pū ana me nā huahana mahiʻai a me nā ululāʻau, me ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, a me nā huahana kemika, me ka propylene oxide. ʻO ka mea maka o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia he pulupulu cashmere pōkole, a ʻo ka pulupulu cashmere pōkole i hana nui ʻia ma Shandong, Xinjiang, Hebei a me Jiangsu. He nui loa ke kumu o ka huluhulu pulupulu a lawa ka lako.
He hapa nui ka pulupulu i loko o ke ʻano waiwai o ka mahiʻai waiwai, a ua hoʻopilikia ʻia kona kumukūʻai e nā kūlana kūlohelohe a me ka lako a me ke koi o ka honua. Pēlā nō, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia hoʻi ka propylene oxide, chloromethane a me nā huahana kemika ʻē aʻe e nā kumukūʻai aila maka o ka honua. ʻOiai ʻo nā mea maka he hapa nui i loko o ke ʻano kumukūʻai o ka cellulose ether, ʻo ka loli o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea maka e hoʻopilikia pololei i ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku o ka cellulose ether.
I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ke kaomi kumukūʻai, hoʻoili pinepine nā mea hana cellulose ether i ke kaomi i ka ʻoihana ma lalo, akā ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hopena hoʻoili e ka paʻakikī o nā huahana loea, nā ʻano huahana like ʻole a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai huahana a me ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pono o nā ʻoihana me nā pale loea kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻano huahana waiwai a me ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia a e mālama i kahi pae waiwai paʻa. A i ʻole, pono nā ʻoihana e kū i ke kaomi kumukūʻai nui aʻe. Eia kekahi, inā paʻa ʻole ke kaiapuni waho a nui ka laulā o nā loli o ka huahana, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā ʻoihana mea maka ma luna e koho i nā mea kūʻai aku ma lalo me ka nui o ka hana a me ka ikaika piha, i mea e hōʻoia ai i nā pono waiwai kūpono a hōʻemi i nā pilikia. No laila, kaupalena kēia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana cellulose ether liʻiliʻi i kekahi ʻano.
ʻO ka Cellulose ether kahi ʻano mea i loaʻa mai ka polymer kūlohelohe, nona nā ʻano emulsification a me ka suspension. I nā ʻano he nui, ʻo ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo HPMC ka hua kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia, ke piʻi wikiwiki nei kāna hana ʻana.
Me ka holomua mau o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ke ulu nei ka mākeke koi ma lalo, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e hoʻonui mau ʻia ka laulā o ka noi ma lalo, a ke mālama nei ke koi ma lalo i ka ulu paʻa. Ma ke ʻano o ka mākeke ma lalo o ka cellulose ether, nā mea kūkulu hale, ka unuhi ʻaila, ka meaʻai a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e noho ana i kahi kūlana nui. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻāpana mea kūkulu hale ka mākeke mea kūʻai nui loa, e helu ana ma mua o 30%.
ʻO ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale ka ʻoihana hoʻohana nui loa o nā huahana HPMC
I loko o ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale, he mea nui ka pilina, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe no nā huahana HPMC. Ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o HPMC me ka sima sima, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka viscosity, ka tensile a me ka ikaika shear o ka sima sima, ka sima a me ka mea hoʻopaʻa, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana o nā mea kūkulu hale, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mīkini. Eia kekahi, he mea nui hoʻi ka HPMC no ka hana ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana i ka sima kalepa, kahi e pāʻani ai i ka laka ʻana i ka wai a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai rheological o ka sima. I kēia manawa, ʻo HPMC nā huahana cellulose ether koʻikoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea sila hale.
ʻO ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale ke kia nui o ko kākou hoʻokele waiwai aupuni. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili ua piʻi ka nui o ke kūkulu hale ʻana mai 7.08 biliona mika kuea i ka makahiki 2010 a i 14.42 biliona mika kuea i ka makahiki 2019, e hoʻokele ikaika ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke cellulose ether.
Ua piʻi aʻe ka ulu nui ʻana o ka ʻoihana waiwai paʻa, a ua piʻi aʻe ka ʻāpana o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili lehulehu i ka makahiki 2020, ʻo ka emi ʻana o kēlā me kēia mahina ma ka ʻāpana kūkulu hou o nā hale noho kalepa e hoʻomau nei i ka emi ʻana, i lalo he 1.87% i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e manaʻo ʻia ana e hoʻomau ka makahiki 2021 i ke ʻano hoʻoponopono. I nā mahina ʻelua mua o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻi hou ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o nā hale noho kalepa i 104.9%, he piʻi maikaʻi.
ʻEli ʻaila
Ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka mākeke ʻoihana lawelawe ʻenekinia wili e nā hoʻopukapuka E&P honua, me kahi 40% o ka waihona ʻimi honua e hoʻolaʻa ʻia ana i nā lawelawe ʻenekinia wili.
I ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ka ʻaila, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā wai ʻeli i ka lawe ʻana a me ke kau ʻana i nā ʻāpana, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā paia o nā lua a me ke kaulike ʻana i ke kaomi hoʻokumu, ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana a me ka lubrication i ka bit, a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā ikaika hydrodynamic. No laila, i ka hana ʻeli ʻaila, he mea nui loa ia e mālama i ka makū kūpono, ka viscosity, ka fluidity a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka wai ʻeli. Hiki i ka cellulose Polyanionic, a i ʻole PAC, ke hoʻomānoanoa, lubricate i nā ʻāpana, a hoʻoili i nā ikaika hydrodynamic. Ma muli o nā kūlana geological paʻakikī o ka wahi mālama ʻaila a me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻeli ʻana, nui ka noi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka PAC.
ʻOihana mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ethers cellulose non-ionic i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā mea hoʻomānoanoa, nā mea hoʻolaha, nā emulsifiers a me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka uhi ʻana i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā papa lāʻau lapaʻau, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā suspensions, nā hoʻomākaukau maka, nā papa lana a pēlā aku. Ma muli o nā koi koʻikoʻi ma ka maʻemaʻe a me ka viscosity o nā huahana cellulose ether lāʻau lapaʻau, he paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā kaʻina hana holoi. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā huahana cellulose ether ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka helu hōʻiliʻili, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai hana, akā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia o ka huahana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau kemika, nā lāʻau lapaʻau patent Kina, nā huahana biological a me biochemical a me nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
Ma muli o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻoihana mea kōkua lāʻau lapaʻau i ka lohi, ua haʻahaʻa ka pae hoʻomohala holoʻokoʻa i kēia manawa, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana. Ma waena o ka waiwai o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko, ʻo ka waiwai o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā mea hoʻonaninani lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko he 2%-3% ka hapa haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau haole (ma kahi o 15%). Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he wahi nui nō ia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko, kahi i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokele pono i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke cellulose ether pili.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-31-2022