Cellulose ether: ihe ndị dị n'elu mmiri nwere mmetụta ka ukwuu, ahịa dị n'okpuru mmiri na-etokwa.
Cellulose ether bụ ụdị ihe e si na polymer emepụta, nke nwere njirimara emulsification na nkwụsịtụ. N'ọtụtụ ụdị, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether nke bụ HPMC bụ mmepụta kachasị elu, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe, mmepụta ya na-amụba ngwa ngwa.
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site n'irite uru site na uto akụ na ụba mba, mmepụta nke cellulose ether nke mba anyị na-amụba kwa afọ. N'otu oge ahụ, site na mmepe nke sayensị na teknụzụ nke obodo, mkpa mbụ nke ibubata ọtụtụ cellulose ether dị elu na-amalite ugbu a iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite ịpụta ebe obibi, mbupụ nke cellulose ether dị n'ime ụlọ na-arị elu. Data na-egosi na site na Jenụwarị ruo Nọvemba 2020, China na-ebupụ tọn 64,806 nke cellulose ether, nke ruru 14.2% kwa afọ, karịa nke 2019 dum.
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site n'irite uru site na uto akụ na ụba mba, mmepụta nke cellulose ether nke mba anyị na-amụba kwa afọ. N'otu oge ahụ, site na mmepe nke sayensị na teknụzụ nke obodo, mkpa mbụ nke ibubata ọtụtụ cellulose ether dị elu na-amalite ugbu a iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite ịpụta ebe obibi, mbupụ nke cellulose ether dị n'ime ụlọ na-arị elu. Data na-egosi na site na Jenụwarị ruo Nọvemba 2020, China na-ebupụ tọn 64,806 nke cellulose ether, nke ruru 14.2% kwa afọ, karịa nke 2019 dum.
Ọnụ ahịa owu dị elu na-emetụta Cellulose ether
Ihe ndị bụ isi e ji emepụta cellulose ethers gụnyere ngwaahịa ọrụ ugbo na nke ọhịa, gụnyere owu a nụchara anụcha, na ngwaahịa kemịkalụ, gụnyere propylene oxide. Ihe e ji mee owu a nụchara anụcha bụ obere cashmere owu, a na-emepụtakwa obere cashmere owu a na-akpọ obere na Shandong, Xinjiang, Hebei na Jiangsu. Isi iyi ajị anụ owu dị ọtụtụ ma nwee ike inweta ya nke ọma.
Owu bụ nnukwu akụkụ n'usoro akụnụba nke ọrụ ugbo ngwaahịa, ọnụ ahịa ya na-adaberekwa n'ọnọdụ ebumpụta ụwa na ọkọnọ na ọchịchọ mba ụwa. N'otu aka ahụ, ọnụ ahịa mmanụ ala mba ụwa na-emetụtakwa propylene oxide, chloromethane na ngwaahịa kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe na-akpata nnukwu akụkụ na nhazi ọnụ ahịa nke cellulose ether, mgbanwe nke ọnụ ahịa ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe na-emetụta ọnụ ahịa ire ere nke cellulose ether ozugbo.
Iji nagide nrụgide ọnụ ahịa, ndị na-emepụta cellulose ether na-ebufe nrụgide ahụ gaa na ụlọ ọrụ dị n'okpuru ala, mana mmetụta mbufe ahụ na-emetụta mgbagwoju anya nke ngwaahịa teknụzụ, ụdị ngwaahịa dị iche iche na ọkwa ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa na uru agbakwunyere. N'ozuzu, ụlọ ọrụ nwere ihe mgbochi teknụzụ dị elu, ụdị ngwaahịa bara ụba na uru agbakwunyere dị elu nwere uru ka ukwuu ma ga-anọgide na-enwe ọkwa uru zuru oke kwụsiri ike. Ma ọ bụghị ya, ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị iche nrụgide ọnụ ahịa ka ukwuu ihu. Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi dị n'èzí adịghị akwụsi ike ma oke mgbanwe ngwaahịa buru ibu, ụlọ ọrụ ihe eji emepụta ihe dị n'elu na-adị njikere ịhọrọ ndị ahịa dị n'okpuru ala nwere nnukwu mmepụta na ike zuru oke siri ike, iji hụ na uru akụ na ụba n'oge ma belata ihe egwu. Ya mere, nke a na-egbochi mmepe nke obere ụlọ ọrụ cellulose ether ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.
Cellulose ether bụ ụdị ihe e si na polymer emepụta, nke nwere njirimara emulsification na nkwụsịtụ. N'ọtụtụ ụdị, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether nke bụ HPMC bụ mmepụta kachasị elu, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe, mmepụta ya na-amụba ngwa ngwa.
Ka sayensị na teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu, ahịa mkpa ala na-eto eto, a na-atụkwa anya na oke ngwa ala na-agbasa mgbe niile, ọchịchọ ala na-agakwa n'ihu na-eto eto. N'usoro ahịa ala nke cellulose ether, ihe owuwu ụlọ, mwepụta mmanụ, nri na ubi ndị ọzọ nọ n'ọnọdụ dị mkpa. N'ime ha, ngalaba ihe owuwu ụlọ bụ ahịa ndị ahịa kachasị ukwuu, na-eru ihe karịrị 30%.
Ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu bụ mpaghara oriri kachasị ukwuu nke ngwaahịa HPMC
N'ụlọ ọrụ owuwu ụlọ, ngwaahịa HPMC na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa, idobe mmiri na mmetụta ndị ọzọ. Mgbe agwakọtara obere HPMC na simenti, enwere ike ịbawanye viscosity, tensile na ike shear nke simenti, moto na binder, iji melite arụmọrụ nke ihe owuwu ụlọ, melite ogo nke owuwu ụlọ na arụmọrụ igwe. Na mgbakwunye, HPMC bụkwa ihe mgbochi dị mkpa maka mmepụta na mbugharị nke simenti azụmahịa, nke na-arụ ọrụ na mkpọchi mmiri na ime ka ihe onwunwe rheological nke simenti dịkwuo mma. Ugbu a, HPMC bụ ngwaahịa cellulose ether kachasị mkpa eji eme ihe na ihe mkpuchi ụlọ.
Ụlọ ọrụ owuwu ụlọ bụ isi ihe dị mkpa n'akụnụba mba anyị. Data na-egosi na mpaghara owuwu ụlọ mụbara site na mita square 7.08 ijeri na 2010 ruo mita square 14.42 ijeri na 2019, nke na-akwalite uto nke ahịa cellulose ether.
Ọganihu zuru oke nke ụlọ ọrụ ala na ụlọ amụbaala, mpaghara owuwu na ire ere amụbaala kwa afọ. Data ọha na eze na-egosi na na 2020, mbelata kwa ọnwa na mpaghara owuwu ọhụrụ nke ụlọ obibi azụmahịa na-aga n'ihu na-ebelata, na-agbadata 1.87% kwa afọ, 2021 a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-aga n'ihu na mmezi ahụ. N'ime ọnwa abụọ mbụ nke afọ a, mmụba nke mpaghara ụlọ obibi azụmahịa laghachiri na 104.9%, mmụba a na-asọpụrụ.
Ịgba mmanụ
Ahịa ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ injinia igwu ala na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na itinye ego E&P zuru ụwa ọnụ, ebe ihe dị ka 40% nke akwụkwọ nyocha ụwa niile na-etinye na ọrụ injinia igwu ala.
N'oge a na-egwupụta mmanụ na mmepụta ya, mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta mmanụ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ibu na ịkwụsịtụ ibe, na-eme ka mgbidi oghere sie ike na ịhazi nrụgide nhazi, na-ajụ oyi na-ete mmanụ na bit ahụ, na-ebufe ike hydrodynamic. Ya mere, n'ọrụ igwu mmanụ, ọ dị oke mkpa ịnọgide na-enwe iru mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị, viscosity, fluidity na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke mmiri igwu mmiri. Polyanionic cellulose, ma ọ bụ PAC, nwere ike ime ka bits dị arọ, na-ete mmanụ, ma na-ebufe ike hydrodynamic. N'ihi ọnọdụ ala dị mgbagwoju anya nke ebe nchekwa mmanụ na ihe isi ike nke igwu mmiri, enwere ọtụtụ ọchịchọ iji PAC.
Ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-enye ọgwụ
A na-ejikarị ethers cellulose na-abụghị ionic eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ dịka ihe mgbakwunye ọgwụ, dịka ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike, ihe na-agbasa, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị nro na ihe nkiri. A na-eji ya eme ihe maka mkpuchi ihe nkiri na ihe nrapado nke mbadamba ọgwụ, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe na nkwụsịtụ, nkwadebe anya, mbadamba mmiri na ihe ndị ọzọ. N'ihi ihe siri ike achọrọ maka ịdị ọcha na viscosity nke ngwaahịa cellulose ether ọgwụ, usoro mmepụta ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya ma usoro ịsa ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ngwaahịa cellulose ether ndị ọzọ, ọnụego nchịkọta dị ala, ọnụ ahịa mmepụta dị elu, mana uru agbakwunyere ngwaahịa ahụ dịkwa elu. A na-ejikarị ihe mgbakwunye ọgwụ eme ihe na nkwadebe ọgwụ kemịkal, ọgwụ patent China, ngwaahịa bayoloji na biochemical na ngwaahịa ọgwụ ndị ọzọ.
Ebe ọ bụ na ụlọ ọrụ ihe enyemaka ọgwụ malitere n'oge, ọkwa mmepe zuru oke dị ala ugbu a, ọ dị mkpa ka emelite usoro ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nke ọma. N'ime uru mmepụta nke nkwadebe ọgwụ ụlọ, uru mmepụta nke ihe mkpuchi ọgwụ ụlọ na-egosi obere òkè nke 2%-3%, nke dị ala karịa nke ihe mgbakwunye ọgwụ mba ọzọ (ihe dị ka 15%). A pụrụ ịhụ na enwere nnukwu ohere maka mmepe nke ihe mgbakwunye ọgwụ ụlọ, nke a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-akwalite uto nke ahịa cellulose ether dị mkpa.
Oge ozi: Ọgọst-31-2022