1. Kodi ntchito yaikulu ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi yotani?
HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zipangizo zomangira, zokutira, ma resini opangidwa, zinthu zadothi, mankhwala, chakudya, nsalu, ulimi, zodzoladzola, fodya ndi mafakitale ena. HPMC ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu a zomangamanga, chakudya ndi mankhwala malinga ndi cholinga chake. Pakadali pano, zinthu zambiri zapakhomo ndi zapakhomo. Mu gawo lomanga, ufa wa putty umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pafupifupi 90% imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ufa wa putty, ndipo wotsalawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa simenti ndi guluu.
2. Pali mitundu ingapo ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), ndipo kodi kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?
HPMC ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa instant ndi mtundu wa hot-solving. Chogulitsa cha instant type chimafalikira mwachangu m'madzi ozizira ndipo chimatha kulowa m'madzi. Panthawiyi, madziwo alibe kukhuthala chifukwa HPMC imangofalikira m'madzi popanda kusungunuka kwenikweni. Pafupifupi mphindi ziwiri, kukhuthala kwa madziwo kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndikupanga colloid yowonekera bwino. Zinthu zosungunuka ndi madzi ozizira, zikakumana ndi madzi ozizira, zimatha kufalikira mwachangu m'madzi otentha ndikusowa m'madzi otentha. Kutentha kukatsika kufika kutentha kwina, kukhuthala kudzawonekera pang'onopang'ono mpaka zitapanga colloid yowonekera bwino. Mtundu wa hot-melt ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu ufa wa putty ndi matope okha. Mu guluu wamadzimadzi ndi utoto, padzakhala zochitika zamagulu ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mtundu wa instant uli ndi ntchito zambiri. Ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu ufa wa putty ndi matope, komanso guluu wamadzimadzi ndi utoto, popanda zotsutsana zilizonse.
3. Kodi njira zosungunula za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
Njira yosungunula madzi otentha: Popeza HPMC siisungunuka m'madzi otentha, HPMC imatha kusungunuka mofanana m'madzi otentha poyamba, kenako n’kusungunuka mofulumira ikazizira. Njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino zafotokozedwa motere:
1) Ikani madzi otentha okwanira mu chidebecho ndikutenthetsa mpaka pafupifupi 70°C. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inawonjezedwa pang'onopang'ono mukasakaniza pang'onopang'ono, poyamba HPMC inkayandama pamwamba pa madzi, kenako pang'onopang'ono imapanga matope, omwe anaziziritsidwa mukasakaniza.
2), onjezerani 1/3 kapena 2/3 ya madzi ofunikira mu chidebecho, ndikutenthetsa mpaka 70°C, falitsani HPMC motsatira njira ya 1), ndikukonza slurry ya madzi otentha; kenako onjezerani madzi ozizira otsalawo ku slurry ya madzi otentha, chisakanizocho chinaziziritsidwa mutasakaniza.
Njira yosakanizira ufa: Sakanizani ufa wa HPMC ndi zinthu zina zambiri za ufa, sakanizani bwino ndi chosakanizira, kenako onjezerani madzi kuti asungunuke, kenako HPMC ikhoza kusungunuka panthawiyi popanda kusonkhana, chifukwa pali HPMC yochepa chabe mu ngodya iliyonse yaying'ono ya Ufa, yomwe imasungunuka nthawi yomweyo ikakhudzana ndi madzi. ——Opanga ufa wa Putty ndi matope akugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi. [Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokhuthala komanso chosungira madzi mu matope a Putty powder.]
4. Kodi mungaweruze bwanji ubwino wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mosavuta komanso mwachilengedwe?
(1) Kuyera: Ngakhale kuti kuyera sikungathe kudziwa ngati HPMC ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ngati zinthu zoyera ziwonjezedwa panthawi yopanga, zidzakhudza ubwino wake. Komabe, zinthu zambiri zabwino zimakhala ndi kuyera kwabwino.
(2) Kusalala: Kusalala kwa HPMC nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi maukonde 80 ndi maukonde 100, ndipo maukonde 120 ndi ochepa. HPMC yambiri yopangidwa ku Hebei ndi maukonde 80. Kusalala kwambiri, makamaka, kumakhala bwino.
(3) Kutumiza kuwala: ikani hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) m'madzi kuti apange colloid yowonekera, ndipo yang'anani momwe kuwala kwake kumayendera. Kutumiza kuwala kukakhala kwakukulu, kumakhala bwino, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mulibe zinthu zambiri zosasungunuka. . Kulowa kwa ma reactors oyima nthawi zambiri kumakhala bwino, ndipo kwa ma reactors oyima nthawi zambiri kumakhala koipa, koma sizikutanthauza kuti mtundu wa ma reactors oyima ndi wabwino kuposa wa ma reactors oyima, ndipo mtundu wa chinthu umatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zambiri.
(4) Mphamvu yokoka: Mphamvu yokoka ikakhala yayikulu, kulemera kwake kumakhala bwino. Kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu, makamaka chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl group mkati mwake kuli kokwera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl group kuli kokwera, kusunga madzi kumakhala bwino.
5. Kodi kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mu ufa wa putty ndi kotani?
Kuchuluka kwa HPMC komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasiyana malinga ndi nyengo, kutentha, mtundu wa calcium wa phulusa, fomula ya ufa wa putty ndi "ubwino womwe makasitomala amafunikira". Kawirikawiri, pakati pa 4 kg ndi 5 kg. Mwachitsanzo: ufa wambiri wa putty ku Beijing ndi 5 kg; ufa wambiri wa putty ku Guizhou ndi 5 kg m'chilimwe ndi 4.5 kg m'nyengo yozizira; kuchuluka kwa putty ku Yunnan ndi kochepa, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 3 kg mpaka 4 kg, ndi zina zotero.
6. Kodi kukhuthala koyenera kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi kotani?
Ufa wa putty nthawi zambiri umakhala wa yuan 100,000, ndipo zofunikira pa matope ndi zapamwamba, ndipo ma yuan 150,000 amafunika kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta. Komanso, ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya HPMC ndikusunga madzi, kutsatiridwa ndi kukhuthala. Mu ufa wa putty, bola ngati kusunga madzi kuli bwino ndipo kukhuthala kuli kochepa (70,000-80,000), n'zothekanso. Zachidziwikire, kukhuthala kwakukulu, kukhuthala kwa madzi kumakhala bwino. Kukhuthala kukapitirira 100,000, kukhuthala kudzakhudza kusunga madzi. Palibe zambiri pano.
7. Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu zaukadaulo za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
Anthu ambiri akuda nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi. Anthu omwe ali ndi hydroxypropyl yambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madzi abwino. Amene ali ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi ambiri amakhala ndi madzi abwino, makamaka (osati kwathunthu), ndipo amene ali ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu simenti.
8. Kodi zinthu zazikulu zopangira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi ziti?
Zipangizo zazikulu zopangira hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): thonje loyengedwa, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, ndi zipangizo zina zopangira, caustic soda, acid, toluene, isopropanol, ndi zina zotero.
9. Kodi ntchito yaikulu ya HPMC mu ufa wa putty ndi yotani, ndipo kodi imachitika ndi mankhwala?
Mu ufa wa putty, HPMC imagwira ntchito zitatu monga kukhuthala, kusunga madzi ndi kumanga. Kukhuthala: Cellulose imatha kukhuthala kuti iimike ndikusunga yankholo mofanana mmwamba ndi pansi, ndikupewa kutsika. Kusunga madzi: kumapangitsa ufa wa putty kuumitsa pang'onopang'ono, ndikuthandiza phulusa la calcium kuchitapo kanthu pansi pa madzi. Kapangidwe: Cellulose imakhala ndi mafuta odzola, zomwe zingapangitse ufa wa putty kukhala ndi kapangidwe kabwino. HPMC sichita nawo machitidwe aliwonse a mankhwala, koma imangokhala ndi gawo lothandizira. Kuwonjezera madzi ku ufa wa putty ndikuyika pakhoma ndi njira ya mankhwala, chifukwa zinthu zatsopano zimapangidwa. Ngati mutachotsa ufa wa putty pakhoma kuchokera pakhoma, ndikuupera kukhala ufa, ndikuugwiritsanso ntchito, sugwira ntchito chifukwa zinthu zatsopano (calcium carbonate) zapangidwanso. Zigawo zazikulu za ufa wa calcium wa phulusa ndi izi: chisakanizo cha Ca(OH)2, CaO ndi CaCO3 yochepa, CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2—Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3↓+H2O Kalisiamu wa phulusa ali m'madzi ndi mumlengalenga Pansi pa mphamvu ya CO2, calcium carbonate imapangidwa, pomwe HPMC imasunga madzi okha, zomwe zimathandiza kuti calcium ya phulusa igwire bwino ntchito, ndipo sichita nawo chilichonse chomwe chimachitika.
10. HPMC ndi ether ya cellulose yosakhala ionic, ndiye kodi si ionic ndi chiyani?
Mwa mawu a anthu wamba, ma non-ion ndi zinthu zomwe sizipanga ayoni m'madzi. Kupanga ayoni kumatanthauza njira yomwe electrolyte imagawikana kukhala ma ayoni omwe ali ndi mphamvu zomwe zimatha kuyenda momasuka mu chosungunulira china chake (monga madzi, mowa). Mwachitsanzo, sodium chloride (NaCl), mchere womwe timadya tsiku lililonse, umasungunuka m'madzi ndipo umapanga ayoni kuti apange ayoni a sodium (Na+) omwe ali ndi mphamvu zabwino komanso ayoni a chloride (Cl) omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoyipa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, HPMC ikayikidwa m'madzi, sidzagawikana kukhala ma ayoni omwe ali ndi mphamvu, koma imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mamolekyu.
11. Kodi kutentha kwa gel kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kumakhudzana bwanji ndi?
Kutentha kwa gel ya HPMC kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa methoxy komwe kuli, kuchuluka kwa methoxy komwe kuli ↓, kutentha kwa gel komwe kuli ↑ kumawonjezeka.
12. Kodi pali ubale uliwonse pakati pa dontho la ufa wa putty ndi HPMC?
Kutayika kwa ufa wa putty kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi ubwino wa calcium ya phulusa, ndipo sikukhudzana kwenikweni ndi HPMC. Kuchepa kwa calcium ya imvi ndi chiŵerengero chosayenerera cha CaO ndi Ca(OH)2 mu calcium ya imvi kungayambitse kutayika kwa ufa. Ngati zikugwirizana ndi HPMC, ndiye kuti ngati HPMC ili ndi madzi ochepa, ingayambitsenso kutayika kwa ufa. Pazifukwa zinazake, chonde onani funso 9.
13. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mtundu wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose wosungunuka ndi mtundu wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose womwe umasungunuka kwambiri popanga zinthu?
Mtundu wa HPMC wozizira nthawi yomweyo umathiridwa ndi glyoxal pamwamba, ndipo umafalikira mofulumira m'madzi ozizira, koma susungunuka kwenikweni. Umasungunuka kokha pamene kukhuthala kwa madzi kukukwera. Mitundu yosungunuka yotentha siithiridwa ndi glyoxal pamwamba. Ngati kuchuluka kwa glyoxal kuli kwakukulu, kufalikira kwa madzi kudzakhala kofulumira, koma kukhuthala kudzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ngati kuchuluka kuli kochepa, zosiyana ndi zimenezo zidzakhala zoona.
14. Kodi fungo la hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi lotani?
HPMC yopangidwa ndi njira yosungunulira imagwiritsa ntchito toluene ndi isopropanol ngati zosungunulira. Ngati kutsuka sikuli bwino kwambiri, padzakhala fungo lotsalira.
15. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) yoyenera pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana?
Kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa putty: zofunikira zake ndizochepa, kukhuthala kwake ndi 100,000, ndikokwanira, chinthu chofunikira ndikusunga madzi bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito matope: zofunikira kwambiri, kukhuthala kwake ndi 150,000 ndikobwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito guluu: zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito mwachangu komanso kukhuthala kwake ndikofunika.
16. Kodi dzina lodziwika bwino la hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi chiyani?
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, Chingerezi: Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Chidule: HPMC kapena MHPC Dzina lina: hypromellose; Cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether; Hypromellose, Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose ether. Cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether Hyprolose .
17. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito HPMC mu ufa wa putty, chifukwa chake ma thovu mu ufa wa putty ndi chiyani?
Mu ufa wa putty, HPMC imagwira ntchito zitatu monga kukhuthala, kusunga madzi ndi kupanga. Musachite nawo chilichonse. Zifukwa za thovu: 1. Ikani madzi ambiri. 2. Gawo la pansi silili louma, ingokandani gawo lina pamwamba, ndipo n'zosavuta kupatsa thovu.
18. Kodi njira yopangira ufa wa putty pa makoma amkati ndi akunja ndi iti?
Ufa wa putty wamkati: calcium wolemera 800KG, phulusa calcium 150KG (starch ether, wobiriwira weniweni, nthaka ya Pengrun, citric acid, polyacrylamide, ndi zina zotero zitha kuwonjezeredwa moyenera)
Ufa wa putty wakunja wa khoma: simenti 350KG calcium wolemera 500KG mchenga wa quartz 150KG ufa wa latex 8-12KG ether wa cellulose 3KG ether wa starch 0.5KG ulusi wamatabwa 2KG
19. Kodi kusiyana pakati pa HPMC ndi MC ndi kotani?
MC ndi methyl cellulose, yomwe imapangidwa ndi cellulose ether pochiza thonje loyengedwa ndi alkali, pogwiritsa ntchito methane chloride ngati etherification, ndikudutsa muzochitika zingapo. Kawirikawiri, mlingo wa kusintha ndi 1.6 ~ 2.0, ndipo kusungunuka kumasiyananso ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana a kusintha. Ndi ya non-ionic cellulose ether.
(1) Kusunga madzi kwa methyl cellulose kumadalira kuchuluka kwake kowonjezera, kukhuthala, kusalala kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka. Kawirikawiri, ngati kuchuluka kowonjezera kuli kwakukulu, kusalala kwake kuli kochepa, ndipo kukhuthala kwake kuli kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa madzi kumakhala kwakukulu. Pakati pawo, kuchuluka kwa kuwonjezeredwa kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa madzi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala sikufanana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa madzi. Kusungunuka kwa madzi kumadalira makamaka kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta cellulose ndi kusalala kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Pakati pa ma cellulose ether omwe ali pamwambapa, methyl cellulose ndi hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zili ndi kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa madzi.
(2) Methylcellulose imasungunuka m'madzi ozizira, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kusungunuka m'madzi otentha. Madzi ake amadzi ndi okhazikika kwambiri pa pH = 3 ~ 12. Imagwirizana bwino ndi starch, guar gum, ndi zina zotero. Kutentha kukafika pa kutentha kwa gelation, gelation imachitika.
(3) Kusintha kwa kutentha kudzakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amasungidwa mu methyl cellulose. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kukakhala kwakukulu, madzi omwe amasungidwa amakhala oipa kwambiri. Ngati kutentha kwa matope kupitirira 40°C, madzi omwe amasungidwa mu methyl cellulose adzachepa kwambiri, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri kapangidwe ka matopewo.
(4) Methyl cellulose imakhudza kwambiri kapangidwe ndi kumatirira kwa matope. "Kumatirira" apa kumatanthauza mphamvu yomatirira yomwe imamveka pakati pa chida chogwiritsira ntchito cha wantchito ndi khoma, ndiko kuti, kukana kukatira kwa matope. Kumatirira kwake ndi kwakukulu, kukana kukatira kwa matope ndi kwakukulu, ndipo mphamvu zomwe ogwira ntchito amafunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito matope ndi zazikulu, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a matope ndi otsika. Kumatirira kwa methyl cellulose kuli pamlingo wocheperako muzinthu zopangidwa ndi cellulose ether.
HPMC ndi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yomwe ndi ether yosakanikirana ya cellulose yopangidwa kuchokera ku thonje loyengedwa pambuyo pa alkalization, pogwiritsa ntchito propylene oxide ndi methyl chloride ngati zinthu zoyeretsera, komanso kudzera muzochita zingapo. Mlingo wa kusintha nthawi zambiri umakhala 1.2 ~ 2.0. Katundu wake ndi wosiyana chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa methoxyl ndi kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl.
(1) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ozizira, ndipo imakumana ndi zovuta kusungunuka m'madzi otentha. Koma kutentha kwake kwa gelation m'madzi otentha ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kwa methyl cellulose. Kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira nakonso kumawonjezeka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi methyl cellulose.
(2) Kukhuthala kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kumagwirizana ndi kulemera kwake kwa mamolekyulu, ndipo kulemera kwa mamolekyulu kukakhala kwakukulu, kukhuthala kumakhala kwakukulu. Kutentha kumakhudzanso kukhuthala kwake, pamene kutentha kukukwera, kukhuthala kumachepa. Komabe, kukhuthala kwake kwakukulu kumakhala ndi kutentha kochepa kuposa methyl cellulose. Yankho lake ndi lokhazikika likasungidwa kutentha kwa chipinda.
(3) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi yokhazikika ku asidi ndi alkali, ndipo yankho lake lamadzi ndi lokhazikika kwambiri pa pH = 2 ~ 12. Madzi a Caustic soda ndi laimu sakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe ake, koma alkali imatha kufulumizitsa kusungunuka kwake ndikuwonjezera kukhuthala kwake. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi yokhazikika ku mchere wamba, koma pamene kuchuluka kwa mchere kuli kwakukulu, kukhuthala kwa yankho la hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kumawonjezeka.
(4) Kusunga madzi kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kumadalira kuchuluka kwake kowonjezera, kukhuthala, ndi zina zotero, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kosungira madzi pansi pa kuchuluka komweko kowonjezera kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kwa methyl cellulose.
(5) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ikhoza kusakanikirana ndi mankhwala a polymer osungunuka m'madzi kuti apange yankho lofanana komanso lokhuthala kwambiri. Monga polyvinyl alcohol, starch ether, vegetable gum, ndi zina zotero.
(6) Kugwirizana kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ku matope opangidwa ndi matope n'kokwera kuposa kwa methylcellulose.
(7) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ili ndi kukana bwino kwa ma enzyme kuposa methylcellulose, ndipo yankho lake silingathe kuwonongeka ndi ma enzyme kuposa methylcellulose.
20. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni ubale pakati pa kukhuthala ndi kutentha kwa HPMC?
Kukhuthala kwa HPMC kumagwirizana ndi kutentha, ndiko kuti, kukhuthala kumawonjezeka pamene kutentha kukuchepa. Kukhuthala kwa chinthu chomwe nthawi zambiri timatchula chimatanthauza zotsatira za mayeso a yankho lake la madzi la 2% pa kutentha kwa madigiri 20 Celsius.
Pogwira ntchito, ziyenera kudziwika kuti m'madera omwe kutentha kwake kuli kosiyana kwambiri pakati pa chilimwe ndi nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kukhuthala kochepa m'nyengo yozizira, komwe kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri pa ntchito yomanga. Kupanda kutero, kutentha kukakhala kochepa, kukhuthala kwa cellulose kudzawonjezeka, ndipo mphamvu ya dzanja idzakhala yolemera pokanda.
Kukhuthala kwapakati: 75000-100000 makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga putty
Chifukwa: kusunga bwino madzi
Kukhuthala kwakukulu: 150000-200000 Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa polystyrene particles thermal insulation mortar ufa wa rabara ndi vitrified microbead thermal insulation mortar.
Chifukwa: Kukhuthala kwake n’kokwera, matopewo ndi ovuta kuwagwetsa, kuwagwa, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamakhala bwino.
Koma nthawi zambiri, kukhuthala kukakhala kwakukulu, kumakhala bwino kusunga madzi. Chifukwa chake, poganizira mtengo wake, mafakitale ambiri a matope ouma amalowa m'malo mwa cellulose yapakatikati ndi yotsika (20000-40000) ndi cellulose yapakatikati (20000-40000) kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa kuwonjezera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-18-2022