Lero tikambirana momwe tingawonjezerere mitundu inayake ya zokhuthala.
Mitundu ya zokhuthala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zinthu zopanda chilengedwe, cellulose, acrylic, ndi polyurethane.
Zosapangidwa ndi chilengedwe
Zinthu zopanda chilengedwe makamaka ndi bentonite, fumed silicon, ndi zina zotero, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeredwa ku slurry kuti zipere, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuzibalalitsa kwathunthu chifukwa cha mphamvu yachizolowezi yosakaniza utoto.
Palinso gawo laling'ono lomwe lidzabalalitsidwa kale ndikukonzedwa kukhala gel kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku utoto popera kuti apange gel yoyambirira. Palinso zina zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kufalitsa ndipo zimatha kupangidwa kukhala gel posakaniza mwachangu. Panthawi yokonzekera, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda kungathandize kuti izi zitheke.
Selosi
Chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri cha cellulosic ndihydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)Kayendedwe kake ndi kusayenda bwino, kusagwira madzi mokwanira, kukana nkhungu ndi zina, sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri mu utoto wa mafakitale.
Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji kapena kusungunuka m'madzi pasadakhale.
Musanawonjezere, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kusintha pH ya dongosolo kuti ikhale ya alkaline, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ikule mwachangu.
Akiliriki
Zothina za acrylic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu utoto wa mafakitale. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka muzovala zachikhalidwe monga chinthu chimodzi komanso chiŵerengero cha pigment-to-base, monga zomangamanga zachitsulo ndi zoteteza.
Mu topcoat (makamaka clear topcoat), yokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri, baking varnish, high-gloss penti ndi machitidwe ena, ili ndi zolakwika zina ndipo siingakhale yokwanira.
Mfundo yokulira ya acrylic thickener ndi iyi: gulu la carboxyl pa unyolo wa polima limasandulika kukhala carboxylate ya ionized pansi pa mikhalidwe ya alkaline, ndipo kukulira kumachitika kudzera mu electrostatic repulsion.
Chifukwa chake, pH ya dongosololi iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala ya alkaline musanagwiritse ntchito, ndipo pH iyeneranso kusungidwa pa >7 panthawi yosungira pambuyo pake.
Ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji kapena kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi.
Ikhoza kusungunuka kale kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'machitidwe ena omwe amafunikira kukhazikika kwakukulu kwa kukhuthala. Mwachidule: choyamba sakanizani chokhuthala cha acrylic ndi madzi, kenako onjezerani chosinthira pH mukusakaniza. Panthawiyi, yankho limakhuthala bwino, kuyambira loyera ngati mkaka mpaka phala lowonekera bwino, ndipo likhoza kusiyidwa kuti liyime kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi kumawononga mphamvu ya kukhuthala, koma kumatha kukulitsa kukhuthala koyambirira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kukhuthala kwa utoto kukhazikike bwino.
Mu njira yopangira ndi kupanga utoto wa ufa wa siliva wa H1260 wopangidwa ndi madzi, chokhuthala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito motere.
Polyurethane
Zothina za polyurethane zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale okhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Pakugwiritsa ntchito, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito pH ya dongosololi, ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji kapena mutasungunuka, kaya ndi madzi kapena zosungunulira. Zokhuthala zina zimakhala ndi hydrophilicity yofooka ndipo sizingasungunuke ndi madzi, koma zimangosungunuka ndi zosungunulira.
dongosolo la emulsion
Machitidwe a emulsion (kuphatikizapo acrylic emulsions ndi hydroxypropyl emulsions) alibe zosungunulira ndipo n'zosavuta kuzikhuthala. Ndi bwino kuziwonjezera mutazisakaniza. Mukazisakaniza, malinga ndi mphamvu ya kukhuthala kwa chokhuthala, chepetsani chiŵerengero china.
Ngati mphamvu yokhuthala ndi yochepa, chiŵerengero cha kusungunuka chiyenera kukhala chotsika kapena chosachepetsedwa; ngati mphamvu yokhuthala ndi yayikulu, chiŵerengero cha kusungunuka chiyenera kukhala chokwera.
Mwachitsanzo, SV-1540 water-based polyurethane associative thickener ili ndi mphamvu yolimba kwambiri. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu emulsion system, nthawi zambiri imachepetsedwa ka 10 kapena ka 20 (10% kapena 5%) kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kufalikira kwa Hydroxypropyl
Utomoni wosakanikirana ndi hydroxypropyl uli ndi kuchuluka kwa zosungunulira, ndipo sizivuta kuzikhuthala popanga utoto. Chifukwa chake, polyurethane nthawi zambiri imawonjezedwa mu chiŵerengero chotsika cha dilution kapena kuwonjezeredwa popanda dilution mu mtundu uwu wa makina.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chifukwa cha mphamvu ya zinthu zambiri zosungunulira, mphamvu ya zinthu zambiri zosungunulira polyurethane m'njira imeneyi si yoonekeratu, ndipo chinthu choyenera chosungunulira chiyenera kusankhidwa m'njira yolunjika. Pano, ndikufuna kulangiza chinthu chosungunulira polyurethane chopangidwa ndi madzi cha SV-1140, chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yokhuthala kwambiri komanso chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri m'njira zosungunulira kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-25-2024