Pali zoletsa pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a gypsum phala pogwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza kamodzi. Ngati magwiridwe antchito a gypsum matope akufuna kupeza zotsatira zabwino ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana, kusakaniza kwa mankhwala, kusakaniza, zodzaza ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimafunika kuti zigwirizane ndikugwirizana mwasayansi komanso moyenera.
1. Cholumikizira
Kulamulira coagulant kumagawidwa makamaka m'magulu awiri: retarder ndi coagulant. Mu gesso dry mix mortar, chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito gesso yophikidwa kuti chipange zonse chimagwiritsa ntchito delay coagulate agent, kugwiritsa ntchito anhydrous gesso kapena chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito madzi awiri gesso kuti chipange mwachindunji chiyenera kulimbikitsa coagulate agent.
2. Wobwezera
Mwa kuwonjezera retarder ku zipangizo zomangira zouma za gypsum, njira yothira madzi ya semi-hydrous gypsum imalepheretsedwa ndipo nthawi yolimba imatalikitsidwa. Mikhalidwe ya hydration ya gypsum plaster ndi yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kapangidwe ka gawo la gypsum plaster, kutentha kwa zinthu za gypsum, kupyapyala kwa tinthu, nthawi yokhazikitsa ndi pH ya chinthu chomalizidwa. Chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi mphamvu inayake pa zotsatira za retarder, kotero pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa kuchuluka kwa retarder pansi pa zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Pakadali pano, gypsum special retarder yabwino kwambiri ndi metamorphic protein (high protein) retarder, ili ndi ubwino wa mtengo wotsika, nthawi yayitali retarder, kutayika pang'ono kwa mphamvu, kapangidwe kabwino, nthawi yayitali yotsegulira ndi zina zotero. Mu mtundu wapansi wa stucco gypsum kuchuluka kwa kukonzekera nthawi zambiri kumakhala mu 0.06% ~ 0.15%.
3. Cholumikizira
Kufulumizitsa nthawi yosakaniza matope ndi kukulitsa liwiro la kusakaniza matope ndi njira imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito polimbikitsa kusakaniza. Mankhwala osakaniza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zomangira ufa wa gypsum ndi potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate ndi ma acid ena. Mlingo nthawi zambiri umakhala 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
4. Chosungira madzi
Zipangizo zomangira za Gesso dry mix sizingasiye choteteza madzi. Kuti muwongolere kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amasungidwa mu gypsum product slurry ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi akhoza kukhalapo mu gypsum slurry kwa nthawi yayitali kuti mupeze madzi abwino komanso mphamvu yolimba. Kukonza kapangidwe ka zipangizo zomangira ufa wa gypsum, kuchepetsa ndikuletsa kulekanitsa ndi kutuluka kwa magazi mu gypsum slurry, kukonza madzi otuluka mu slurry, kukulitsa nthawi yotsegulira, kuthetsa mavuto aukadaulo monga kusweka ndi ng'oma yopanda kanthu sizingasiyanitsidwe ndi chosungira madzi. Kaya chosungira madzi ndi chabwino kumadalira kwambiri kufalikira kwake, kusungunuka mwachangu, kupanga, kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kukhuthala, pakati pa zomwe kusunga madzi ndiye chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri.
Wothandizira kusunga madzi a ether ya cellulose
Pakadali pano, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ndiyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika, kutsatiridwa ndi methyl cellulose, ndi carboxymethyl cellulose. Kapangidwe kake ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ndi kabwino kuposa methyl cellulose. Kusunga madzi kwa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kwa carboxymethyl cellulose, koma mphamvu yokhuthala ndi mphamvu yomangirirana ndizoipa kuposa za carboxymethyl cellulose. Mu zipangizo zomangira zouma zosakanikirana ndi gypsum, kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl ndi methyl cellulose kuli pakati pa 0.1% ~ 0.3%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa carboxymethyl cellulose kuli pakati pa 0.5% ~ 1.0%.
Chosungira madzi cha sitachi
Mtundu wa sitachi umateteza madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa gesso kukhala putty mwa mwana, chitsanzo cha stucco gesso, chikhoza kulowa m'malo mwa gawo lina kapena lonse la cellulose, chomwe chimateteza madzi. Kugwira ntchito, kupangika, komanso kusasinthasintha kwa slurry kumatha kukonzedwa powonjezera sitachi chosungira madzi ku zipangizo zomangira zouma za gypsum. Zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungira madzi ndi cassava starch, pre gelatinized starch, carboxymethyl starch, carboxypropyl starch. Mtundu wa sitachi umateteza madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala 0.3% ~ 1% nthawi zambiri, ngati mlingo uli waukulu kwambiri, zimapangitsa kuti zinthu za gesso zipange mildew pansi pa malo onyowa, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa polojekiti.
③ Chothandizira kusunga madzi cha mtundu wa guluu
Magulu ena omatira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo angathandizenso kusunga madzi. Monga 17-88, 24-88 polyvinyl alcohol powder, green gum ndi guar gum zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga gypsum, gypsum putty, gypsum insulation glue ndi zipangizo zina zomangira zouma zosakanikirana ndi gypsum, pamlingo winawake, zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cellulose water retention agent. Makamaka mu gypsum yomatira mwachangu, nthawi zina imatha kusintha cellulose ethers.
(4) Zinthu zosungira madzi zosapangidwa ndi organic
Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zosungira madzi mu zipangizo zomangira zouma za gypsum kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa zipangizo zina zosungira madzi, kuchepetsa mtengo wa zinthu, ndikuwonjezera kugwirira ntchito ndi kupangika kwa gypsum slurry. Zipangizo zosungira madzi zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi bentonite, kaolin, diatomite, zeolite powder, perlite powder, attapulgite dongo, ndi zina zotero.
5. Zomatira
Kugwiritsa ntchito guluu mu zipangizo zomangira zouma zopangidwa ndi gypsum n'kotsika poyerekeza ndi chinthu chosungira madzi ndi choletsa madzi. Gesso self leveling mortar, guluu wa gesso, caulking gesso, guluu wa gesso wosungira kutentha sungachoke pa chinthu chomatira.
Ufa wa latex wosungunukanso:
Ufa wa latex wosungunuka umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu matope odziyimira pawokha a gypsum, guluu woteteza gypsum, putty yophimba gypsum ndi zina zotero. Makamaka mu matope odziyimira pawokha a gypsum, ungapangitse kuti slurry iwoneke bwino, izikhala yosalala bwino, imachepetsa kugawanika kwa ming'alu, ipewe kutuluka magazi, imasintha kukana kwa ming'alu ndi zina zotero. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1.2% ~ 2.5%.
Mowa wa polyvinyl womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo:
Pakadali pano, mowa wa polyvinyl womwe umasungunuka mwachangu womwe uli ndi mlingo wochulukirapo pamsika ndi 24-88, 17-88, womwe ndi wopangidwa ndi mitundu iwiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa plaster yomatira, gesso, gesso compound heat preservation glue, stucco plaster ndi zinthu zina, ndipo mlingo wake ndi 0.4% ~ 1.2%.
Guar chingamu, field gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch ether ndi zina zotero ndi zomatira zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomangira mu zipangizo zomangira zouma zouma.
6. Chokhuthala
Kukhuthala makamaka ndiko kupititsa patsogolo kugwira ntchito ndi kusinthasintha kwa gypsum slurry, komwe kuli kofanana ndi zomatira ndi chosungira madzi, koma osati kwathunthu. Zina mwa zinthu zokhuthala zimakhala zabwino pakukhuthala, koma ulemu siwoyenera pakugwirizana, komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi. Popanga zipangizo zomangira ufa wouma wa gypsum, zotsatira zazikulu za kusakaniza ziyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito bwino komanso moyenera. Zinthu zokhuthala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi polyacrylamide, green gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose.
7. Chothandizira kupumira mpweya
Chothandizira mpweya cholowetsa thovu chimadziwikanso kuti chothandizira thovu, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu guluu woteteza gypsum, pulasitala wa pulasitala ndi zipangizo zina zomangira zouma za gypsum. Chothandizira mpweya cholowetsa thovu (chothandizira mpweya) chimathandiza kukonza zomangamanga, kukana ming'alu, kukana chisanu, kuchepetsa kutuluka magazi ndi kulekanitsa, mlingo nthawi zambiri umakhala mu 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
8. Wothandizira kuchotsa mafinya
Chotsukira mano nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matope odziyimira pawokha a gesso, omwe amathiridwa ndi madzi, amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zamkati, mphamvu, kukana madzi, komanso kuchuluka kwa ma caking, ndipo nthawi zambiri mlingo wake ndi 0.02% ~ 0.04%.
9. Chochepetsera madzi
Chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi chingathandize kusinthasintha kwa madzi a gesso komanso kulimbitsa thupi la gesso, nthawi zambiri pa gesso self leveling mortar, stucco gesso. Pakadali pano, chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi m'nyumba ndi chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi cha polycarboxylic acid, chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi cha melamine, chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi cha tiyi, chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi cha lignosulfonate malinga ndi kusinthasintha ndi mphamvu. Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mphamvu, ndikofunikira kulabadira nthawi yokhazikika komanso kutayika kwa madzi a gypsum pogwiritsa ntchito chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi mu gypsum dry mixed building structure.
10. Choletsa madzi
Vuto lalikulu la zinthu zopangidwa ndi gypsum ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa madzi. Malo omwe ali ndi chinyezi chambiri cha mpweya amakhala ndi kukana madzi kwambiri kwa matope osakanikirana ndi gypsum. Kawirikawiri, kukana madzi kwa thupi lolimba la gypsum kumawonjezeka powonjezera kusakaniza kwa hydraulic. Pansi pa madzi onyowa kapena okhuta, kufewetsa kwa thupi lolimba la gypsum kumatha kufika 0.7, kuti kukwaniritse zofunikira za mphamvu ya mankhwala. Zosakaniza za mankhwala zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa gypsum (ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera kufewetsa kwa madzi), kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa gypsum ku madzi (ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa madzi) ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa thupi lolimba la gypsum (ndiko kuti, kudzipatula kwa madzi) njira yopewera madzi. Chothandizira chosalowa madzi cha gypsum chili ndi ammonium borate, methyl sodium silicate, silicone resin, sera ya mkaka, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino komanso chothandizira chosalowa madzi cha silicone emulsion.
11. Choyambitsa chogwira ntchito
Gypsum yachilengedwe ndi ya mankhwala yopanda madzi imatha kuyatsidwa kuti ikhale yomata komanso yolimba, kuti ikhale yoyenera kupanga zipangizo zomangira zouma za gypsum. Choyambitsa asidi chimatha kufulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa madzi a gypsum yopanda madzi, kufupikitsa nthawi yoyika ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya thupi lolimba la gypsum. Choyambitsa alkaline sichikhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa madzi a gypsum yopanda madzi, koma mwachiwonekere chimatha kukulitsa mphamvu ya thupi lolimba la gypsum, ndipo chingakhale gawo la zinthu zomangira simenti ya hydraulic m'thupi lolimba la gypsum, zomwe zimathandizira bwino kukana madzi a thupi lolimba la gypsum. Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito choyambitsa acid-base compound ndi yabwino kuposa ya single acid kapena basic activator. Zoyambitsa acid zimaphatikizapo potassium alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate ndi zina zotero. Zoyambitsa alkaline zimaphatikizapo quicklime, simenti, simenti clinker, calcined dolomite ndi zina zotero.
Mafuta odzola a Thixotropic
Mafuta oyeretsera a Thixovariable amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gypsum yodziyimira payokha kapena stuccoing gypsum, zomwe zimachepetsa kukana kwa madzi a gypsum mortar, kutalikitsa nthawi yotsegulira, kuletsa kugawanika ndi kukhazikika kwa slurry, kuti slurry ikhale ndi mafuta abwino komanso kapangidwe kake, pomwe imapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lolimba likhale lofanana, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yake pamwamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-25-2022