Muaj qee qhov kev txwv hauv kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm gypsum paste los ntawm ib qho admixture. Yog tias kev ua tau zoo ntawm gypsum mortar yog kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv, cov tshuaj admixtures, admixtures, fillers thiab ntau yam khoom siv yog qhov xav tau los sib xyaw thiab ua kom tiav ib leeg hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim nyog.
1. Cov tshuaj coagulant
Cov tshuaj coagulant tswj feem ntau yog muab faib ua retarder thiab coagulant. Hauv gesso qhuav sib tov mortar, cov khoom uas siv gesso siav los ua txhua yam siv cov neeg sawv cev coagulate qeeb, siv gesso anhydrous lossis cov khoom uas siv 2 dej gesso los ua ncaj qha xav tau txhawb cov neeg sawv cev coagulate.
2. Tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus
Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj retarder rau hauv cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm gypsum qhuav, cov txheej txheem hydration ntawm cov gypsum semi-hydrous raug txwv thiab lub sijhawm khov kho tau ntev. Cov xwm txheej hydration ntawm gypsum plaster yog ntau yam, suav nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm gypsum plaster, qhov kub ntawm cov khoom gypsum, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom me me, lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab tus nqi pH ntawm cov khoom tiav. Txhua yam muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ncua, yog li muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ncua nyob rau hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej. Tam sim no, cov tshuaj retarder tshwj xeeb zoo dua hauv tsev gypsum yog metamorphic protein (protein siab) retarder, nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi qis, lub sijhawm ncua ntev, kev poob zog me me, kev tsim kho zoo, lub sijhawm qhib ntev thiab lwm yam. Hauv hom qis stucco gypsum npaj tus nqi feem ntau yog 0.06% ~ 0.15%.
3. Cov tshuaj coagulant
Ua kom lub sijhawm sib xyaw ntawm cov slurry sai dua thiab ua kom lub sijhawm sib xyaw ntawm cov slurry ntev dua yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem lub cev los txhawb kev sib xyaw. Cov tshuaj coagulants feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho hmoov gypsum anhydrous yog potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate thiab lwm yam acids. Qhov ntau npaum li cas yog 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
4. Tus neeg sawv cev khaws dej
Cov khoom siv ua vaj tse Gesso qhuav sib xyaw tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm kev khaws dej ntawm cov khoom gypsum slurry yog xyuas kom meej tias dej tuaj yeem nyob hauv gypsum slurry ntev kom tau txais cov dej noo zoo thiab cov tawv. Txhim kho kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv ua vaj tse hmoov gypsum, txo thiab tiv thaiv kev sib cais thiab kev ntws ntawm gypsum slurry, txhim kho cov dej ntws dai, ntev lub sijhawm qhib, daws cov teeb meem zoo ntawm kev tsim kho xws li tawg thiab lub nruas khoob yog qhov tsis sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej. Seb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej puas zoo tagnrho nyob ntawm nws qhov kev sib kis, kev yaj sai, kev pwm, kev ruaj khov thermal thiab kev tuab, ntawm cov uas kev khaws dej yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Cellulose ether dej-tuav tus neeg sawv cev
Tam sim no, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev ua lag luam, ua raws li methyl cellulose, thiab carboxymethyl cellulose. Cov khoom siv dav dav ntawm hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zoo dua li methyl cellulose. Kev khaws dej ntawm hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yog siab dua li ntawm carboxymethyl cellulose, tab sis qhov cuam tshuam thickening thiab kev sib txuas lus phem dua li ntawm carboxymethyl cellulose. Hauv gypsum qhuav sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, qhov ntau ntawm hydroxypropyl thiab methyl cellulose yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0.1% ~ 0.3%, thiab qhov ntau ntawm carboxymethyl cellulose yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0.5% ~ 1.0%.
Tus neeg sawv cev khaws dej ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tiv thaiv dej feem ntau siv rau ntawm gesso ua putty hauv tus menyuam, txheej txheem stucco gesso, tuaj yeem hloov ib feem lossis tag nrho cov cellulose tiv thaiv dej. Kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, kev tsim kho thiab kev sib xws ntawm cov slurry tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tiv thaiv dej rau cov khoom siv gypsum qhuav. Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej uas siv feem ntau yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab cassava, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua ntej gelatinized, carboxymethyl starch, carboxypropyl starch. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tiv thaiv dej kom muaj li ntawm 0.3% ~ 1% feem ntau, yog tias cov tshuaj ntau dhau ua rau cov khoom gesso tsim cov pwm hauv qab qhov chaw noo noo, cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov project.
③ Cov kua nplaum uas tuav dej tau zoo
Qee cov nplaum uas siv tau sai kuj tseem ua tau zoo dua hauv kev khaws dej. Xws li 17-88, 24-88 polyvinyl cawv hmoov, cov kua nplaum ntsuab thiab cov kua nplaum guar siv rau kev sib txuas gypsum, gypsum putty, kua nplaum rwb thaiv tsev gypsum thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev gypsum qhuav sib xyaw, hauv qee qhov ntau, tuaj yeem txo cov cellulose dej khaws cia. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov gypsum uas nplaum sai, nws tuaj yeem hloov cellulose ethers hauv qee kis.
(4) Cov ntaub ntawv khaws dej tsis muaj organic
Kev siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas khaws dej rau hauv cov khoom siv gypsum qhuav sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem txo cov khoom siv khaws dej, txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tsim kho ntawm gypsum slurry. Cov khoom siv khaws dej inorganic feem ntau yog bentonite, kaolin, diatomite, zeolite hmoov, perlite hmoov, attapulgite av nplaum, thiab lwm yam.
5. Cov nplaum
Kev siv cov nplaum rau hauv gypsum qhuav sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho tsuas yog qis dua li cov neeg sawv cev khaws dej thiab retarder. Gesso tus kheej leveling mortar, nplaum gesso, caulking gesso, thiab khaws cia kub gesso kua nplaum tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov neeg sawv cev nplaum.
Cov hmoov latex uas yaj tau dua:
Cov hmoov latex uas tawg tau dua yog siv dav hauv gypsum self-leveling mortar, gypsum insulation glue, gypsum caulking putty thiab lwm yam. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv gypsum self-leveling mortar, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov slurry viscidity, fluidity zoo, txo stratification, tsis txhob los ntshav, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb thiab lwm yam kuj ua lub luag haujlwm zoo. Kev siv feem ntau yog 1.2% ~ 2.5%.
Cawv polyvinyl tam sim ntawd:
Tam sim no, cov cawv polyvinyl uas yaj sai sai nrog ntau qhov ntau ntawm kev ua lag luam yog 24-88, 17-88 cov khoom ntawm ob tus qauv, feem ntau siv ntawm cov nplaum plaster, gesso, gesso compound heat preservation kua nplaum, stucco plaster thiab lwm yam khoom, qhov ntau yog 0.4% ~ 1.2% feem ntau.
Cov roj hmab Guar, cov gelatin teb, carboxymethyl cellulose, hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether thiab lwm yam yog cov nplaum uas muaj cov haujlwm sib txuas sib txawv hauv gypsum qhuav sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho.
6. Cov khoom ua kom tuab
Kev ua kom tuab yog los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ntws ntawm cov gypsum slurry, uas zoo ib yam li cov nplaum thiab cov neeg sawv cev khaws dej, tab sis tsis yog tag nrho. Qee cov khoom siv ua kom tuab zoo rau kev ua kom tuab, tab sis kev ua kom tuab tsis zoo rau kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev khaws dej. Thaum ua cov hmoov qhuav gypsum cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tov yuav tsum tau xav txog tag nrho kom siv tau zoo dua thiab tsim nyog dua. Cov khoom siv ua kom tuab feem ntau yog polyacrylamide, cov roj hmab ntsuab, cov roj hmab guar, thiab carboxymethyl cellulose.
7. Tus neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag
Tus neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag kuj tseem hu ua tus neeg sawv cev ua npuas ncauj, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov kua nplaum rwb thaiv tsev gypsum, plaster plaster thiab lwm yam gypsum qhuav sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho. Tus neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag (tus neeg sawv cev ua npuas ncauj) pab txhim kho kev tsim kho, tiv thaiv kev tawg, tiv thaiv te, txo cov ntshav thiab kev sib cais, qhov ntau npaum li cas feem ntau yog 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
8. Tus neeg sawv cev ua npuas ncauj
Tus neeg sawv cev defoaming feem ntau siv rau ntawm gesso tus kheej-leveling mortar, gesso caulking yuav putty rau hauv, tuaj yeem tsa qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom pulp, lub zog, dej tsis kam, caking sib deev, koob tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv 0.02% ~ 0.04% feem ntau.
9. Tus neeg sawv cev txo dej
Kev txo cov neeg sawv cev dej tuaj yeem txhim kho gesso slurry fluidity thiab gesso hardening lub cev muaj zog, feem ntau ntawm gesso tus kheej leveling mortar, stucco gesso. Tam sim no, cov neeg sawv cev txo dej hauv tsev yog polycarboxylic acid retarding dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, melamine high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, tshuaj yej system high-efficiency retarding dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, lignosulfonate dej txo tus neeg sawv cev raws li fluidity thiab lub zog nyhuv. Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv dej thiab lub zog, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab fluidity poob ntawm gypsum tsev cov ntaub ntawv thaum siv cov neeg sawv cev txo dej hauv gypsum qhuav sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv tsev.
10. Tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv dej
Qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom gypsum yog qhov tsis zoo tiv taus dej. Thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua noo ntau dua yuav tsum tau tiv taus dej ntau dua rau gypsum qhuav sib xyaw mortar. Feem ntau, qhov tsis kam dej ntawm gypsum lub cev tawv tau txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv hydraulic admixture. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm dej ntub lossis dej saturated, qhov coefficient softening ntawm gypsum tawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 0.7, yog li ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom muaj zog. Cov tshuaj admixtures kuj tseem siv tau los txo qhov solubility ntawm gypsum (uas yog, nce qhov coefficient softening), txo qhov nqus ntawm gypsum rau hauv dej (uas yog, txo qhov nqus dej) thiab txo qhov kev yaig ntawm gypsum tawv (uas yog, kev rho tawm dej) txoj kev tiv taus dej. Tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv dej gypsum muaj ammonium borate, methyl sodium silicate, silicone resin, mis nyuj fossil wax, qhov cuam tshuam zoo dua thiab tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv dej silicone emulsion.
11. Tus neeg ua haujlwm nquag
Cov tshuaj gypsum uas tsis muaj dej thiab tsis muaj zog ntuj thiab tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem ua kom nws nplaum thiab muaj zog, kom haum rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm gypsum qhuav. Cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub tuaj yeem ua kom cov dej noo ntawm gypsum tsis muaj dej sai dua, ua kom lub sijhawm teeb tsa luv dua thiab txhim kho lub zog ntawm gypsum uas tawv thaum ntxov. Cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub tsis muaj dej tsis cuam tshuam rau cov dej noo ntawm gypsum uas tawv thaum ntxov, tab sis nws tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog ntawm gypsum uas tawv tom qab, thiab tuaj yeem ua ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv hydraulic cementing hauv gypsum uas tawv thaum ntxov, uas ua rau cov dej tsis kam ntawm gypsum uas tawv thaum ntxov zoo dua. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub-raws li zoo dua li cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub ib leeg lossis cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub. Cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub suav nrog potassium alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kua qaub suav nrog quicklime, cement, cement clinker, calcined dolomite thiab lwm yam.
Lubricant Thixotropic
Cov roj nplua nyeem thixovariable yog siv rau hauv kev ua gypsum lossis stuccoing gypsum, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov tsis kam ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm gypsum mortar, ncua lub sijhawm qhib, tiv thaiv kev faib thiab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm slurry, yog li ua rau slurry tau txais kev nplua zoo thiab kev tsim kho, thaum ua rau lub cev tawv sib xws, ua rau nws lub zog nto.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-25-2022