Hari imbogamizi mu kunoza imikorere ya gypsum paste hakoreshejwe uburyo bumwe bwo kuvanga. Niba imikorere ya gypsum mortar igomba kugera ku musaruro ushimishije no kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye, hakenewe imiti ivangavanga, imiti ivangavanga, ibintu byuzuza hamwe n'ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye kugira ngo bihuzwe kandi byuzuzanye mu buryo bwa siyansi kandi bukwiye.
1. Agahu gakingira
Uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo gufungana bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri: retarder na coagulant. Muri moteri y'imvange yumye ya gesso, ibicuruzwa bikoresha gesso itetse kugira ngo bikore byose bitinza uburyo bwo gufungana, gukoresha gesso idakoresha amazi cyangwa ibicuruzwa bikoresha gesso ebyiri z'amazi kugira ngo bikore neza bigomba guteza imbere uburyo bwo gufungana.
2. Umuti utesha agaciro
Mu kongeramo retarder mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum, inzira yo kuvura amazi ya gypsum iragabanuka kandi igihe cyo gukomera kiragabanuka. Imiterere y'amazi ya gypsum plaster iratandukanye, harimo imiterere ya gypsum plaster, ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bya gypsum, ubunini bw'uduce, igihe cyo gushyiraho n'agaciro ka pH k'umusaruro urangiye. Buri kintu gifite ingaruka ku ngaruka zo kugabanya, bityo hari itandukaniro rikomeye mu mubare w'ibikoresho bigabanya igihe mu bihe bitandukanye. Kuri ubu, gypsum special retarder nziza yo mu rugo ni retarder ya metamorphic (protein nyinshi), ifite ibyiza byo kugabanuka kw'igihe, igihe kirekire cyo kugabanya igihe, gutakaza imbaraga nke, ubwubatswe neza, igihe kirekire cyo gufungura n'ibindi. Mu bwoko bwo hasi, ingano ya gypsum yo gutegura stucco muri rusange iri kuri 0.06% ~ 0.15%.
3. Agahu gakingira
Kwihutisha igihe cyo gukaraba kw'ibinure no kongera umuvuduko wo gukaraba kw'ibinure ni bumwe mu buryo bufatika bwo gutuma ibinure bigwa. Ibinyabutabire bikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum bitagira amazi ni potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate n'izindi aside. Igipimo muri rusange ni 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
4. Uburyo bwo kubika amazi
Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya Gesso byumye ntibishobora gusiga ibikoresho birinda amazi. Kugira ngo wongere ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi mu gikoresho cya gypsum mu gihe kirekire, ni ukumenya neza ko amazi ashobora kubaho mu gikoresho cya gypsum mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo ubone ubushobozi bwo kunywa amazi no gukomera. Kunoza uburyo ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum bishyirwamo, kugabanya no gukumira gutandukanya no kuva amaraso mu gikoresho cya gypsum, kunoza uburyo amazi anyuramo, kongera igihe cyo gufungura, gukemura ibibazo by'ubuhanga nko kwangirika no gufungana kw'ingomero y'amazi ntaho bitaniye n'ibikoresho bibika amazi. Niba ibikoresho bibika amazi ari byiza biterwa ahanini no gushonga kwayo, gushonga vuba, gucura, guhagarara neza kw'ubushyuhe no kwiyongera, muri byo hakaba ari cyo gipimo cy'ingenzi cyane cyo kubika amazi.
Selulosi eteri ifata amazi
Muri iki gihe, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ni yo ikoreshwa cyane ku isoko, ikurikirwa na methyl cellulose, na carboxymethyl cellulose. Imiterere rusange ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose iruta methyl cellulose. Amazi ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose agumana ari menshi cyane kurusha ay’carboxymethyl cellulose, ariko ingaruka zo gukomera no gufatana ni mbi kurusha ay’carboxymethyl cellulose. Mu bikoresho by’ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum, ingano ya hydroxypropyl na methyl cellulose iri hagati ya 0.1% ~ 0.3%, naho ingano ya carboxymethyl cellulose iri hagati ya 0.5% ~ 1.0%.
Ikintu gifasha mu kubika amazi mu buryo bwa "starch"
Ubwoko bw'ibinyampeke burinda amazi, bukoreshwa cyane mu gusiga putty mu mwana, stucco gesso, ishobora gusimbura ubwoko bwa cellulose bwose cyangwa igice kimwe, irinda amazi. Uburyo bwo gukora, imiterere n'uburyo ibintu bihorana bishobora kunozwa hakongerwamo ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu kubika amazi ni ibinyampeke by'imyumbati, ibinyampeke bya gelatinized, ibinyampeke bya carboxymethyl, ibinyampeke bya carboxypropyl. Ibinyampeke birinda amazi ingano ya 0.3% ~ 1%, iyo ingano ari nini cyane, bituma umusaruro wa gesso utera indwara ya mildew munsi y'ikirere gitose, bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'umushinga.
③ Uburyo bwo kubika amazi mu bwoko bwa kole
Adhesive zimwe na zimwe zishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kubika amazi. Nk'ifu ya 17-88, ifu ya polivinili alcohol 24-88, grenade y'icyatsi kibisi na guar gum ikoreshwa mu gufunga gypsum, gypsum putty, grenade yo gufunga gypsum n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum, mu rugero runaka rw'agasanduku, bishobora kugabanya ingano y'ibikoresho byo kubika amazi bya cellulose. Cyane cyane muri gypsum ifata vuba, ishobora gusimbura ether za cellulose mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.
(4) Ibikoresho bitagira umwimerere bibungabunga amazi
Gukoresha ibindi bikoresho bivanze bibungabunga amazi mu bikoresho by’ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum bishobora kugabanya ingano y’ibindi bikoresho bibungabunga amazi, kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ibicuruzwa, no kunoza ubushobozi bwo gukora no gukora neza kw’ibikomoka ku mazi bya gypsum. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu kubungabunga amazi ari byo bentonite, kaolin, diatomite, ifu ya zeolite, ifu ya perlite, ibumba rya attapulgite, nibindi.
5. Kolesha
Gukoresha kole mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum ni byiza cyane kuruta ibikoresho bifata amazi n'ibigabanya amazi. Gesso self leveling mortier, kole ya gesso, kole ifata amazi, kole ya gesso irinda ubushyuhe ntishobora gusiga kole irinda ubushyuhe.
Ifu ya latex ishobora kongera gushonga:
Ifu ya latex ishobora guhindurwa ikoreshwa cyane mu ibumba rya gypsum, kole yo gukingira gypsum, putty yo gufunga gypsum n'ibindi. Cyane cyane mu ibumba rya gypsum, ishobora gutuma ibumba rihinduka neza, ikagira amazi meza, ikagabanya intera, ikarinda kuva amaraso, ikongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya uduce duto n'ibindi nabyo byagize uruhare runini. Muri rusange ikoreshwa ni 1.2% ~ 2.5%.
Alcool ya polyvinyl ihita ikoreshwa:
Kugeza ubu, alukolo ya polyvinyl ishongeshejwe ako kanya ifite ingano nyinshi ku isoko ni 24-88, 17-88 ni umusaruro w'ubwoko bubiri, bukunze gukoreshwa muri plaster ikoze mu buryo bwa adhesive, gesso, gesso compound heat preservation glue, plaster ya stucco n'ibindi bicuruzwa, ingano iri muri 0.4% ~ 1.2%.
Guar gum, field gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch ether n'ibindi ni kole ifite imikorere itandukanye yo guhuza mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum.
6. Ingufu zigabanya ubukana
Gukomera ahanini ni ukugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo gukora no guhindagurika kw'amazi ya gypsum, bisa n'ikintu gifata amazi n'ikintu gifata, ariko si byose. Hari ikintu gifata amazi ni cyiza mu gutuma amazi akomera, ariko icyubahiro si cyiza mu buryo buhuriweho, kandi si ngombwa mu buryo bujyanye n'imbaraga n'umuvuduko wo kubika amazi. Mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum byumye, ingaruka nyamukuru zo kuvanga zigomba kwitabwaho cyane kugira ngo amazi arusheho kuvanga neza kandi mu buryo bukwiye. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukomera ni polyacrylamide, green gum, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose.
7. Umukozi utanga amahugurwa yo mu kirere
Umuti utera umwuka uva mu mwuka uzwi kandi nka "air entrainent agent", ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukingira gypsum, plaster plaster n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum. Umuti utera umwuka uva mu mwuka uva mu mwuka uva mu mwuka uva mu mwuka uvangwa n'umwuka ...
8. Umuti ukuraho ibara ry'uruhu
Umuti ukuraho uburozi ukunze gukoreshwa kuri sima ipima ubwikorezi ya gesso, ikoreshwa muri sima igabanya ubushyuhe, ishobora kongera ubucucike bw'ibinyabutabire, imbaraga, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi, ingano y'ibinyabutabire, ingano isanzwe iri kuri 0.02% ~ 0.04%.
9. Umuti ugabanya amazi
Umuti ugabanya amazi ushobora kongera ubushyuhe bwa gesso no gukomera k'umubiri wa gesso, akenshi kuri sima ya gesso yigenga, stucco gesso. Kuri ubu, umuti ugabanya amazi wo mu rugo ni umuti ugabanya amazi ugabanya aside polycarboxylic, umuti ugabanya amazi ugabanya melamine, umuti ugabanya amazi ugabanya amazi ugabanya ubushyuhe, umuti ugabanya amazi ugabanya lignosulfonate bitewe n'ubushyuhe n'imbaraga. Uretse gukoresha amazi n'imbaraga, ni ngombwa kwita ku gihe cyo gushyiraho no gutakaza ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum iyo ukoresha umuti ugabanya amazi mu bikoresho byumye bya gypsum.
10. Uburyo bwo kwirinda amazi
Inenge nini y’ibicuruzwa bya gypsum ni ukudakomeza amazi neza. Agace gafite ubushuhe bwinshi mu kirere gafite ubushobozi bwo kudakomeza amazi menshi kuri sima ivanze ya gypsum yumye. Muri rusange, ubushobozi bwo kudakomeza amazi bwa sima ivanze ya gypsum burushaho kwiyongera iyo hongewemo amazi avanze. Iyo amazi atose cyangwa yuzuye, ubushobozi bwo koroshya umubiri wa gypsum bushobora kugera kuri 0.7, kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho imbaraga z’umusaruro. Ibicuruzwa bya shimi bishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kugabanya gushonga kwa gypsum (ni ukuvuga kongera ubushobozi bwo koroshya), kugabanya uburyo gypsum ifata amazi (ni ukuvuga kugabanya uburyo amazi afata) no kugabanya kwangirika k’umubiri wa gypsum (ni ukuvuga uburyo amazi afatwa). Igikoresho cya gypsum kidakoresha amazi gifite ammonium borate, methyl sodium silicate, silicone resin, ishashi y’amata, ingaruka ni nziza kandi gikoreshwa mu kugabanya amazi ya silicon emulsion.
11. Active activator
Gypsum isanzwe n'iya kinyabutabire ishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo ifatanye kandi ikomere, kugira ngo ibe nziza mu gukora ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi byumye bya gypsum. Activator ya aside ishobora kwihutisha umuvuduko w'amazi ya gypsum idafite amazi, ikagabanya igihe cyo gushyiraho no kunoza imbaraga z'umubiri wa gypsum idafite amazi. Activator ya alkaline ntacyo ikora ku muvuduko w'amazi ya gypsum idafite amazi, ariko birumvikana ko ishobora kongera imbaraga z'umubiri wa gypsum idafite amazi nyuma, kandi ishobora kuba igice cy'ibikoresho bya sima ya hydraulic mu mubiri wa gypsum idafite amazi, ibyo bikaba binongerera imbaraga zo kwirinda amazi mu mubiri wa gypsum idafite amazi. Ingaruka zo gukoresha activator ya aside-base compound ni nziza kuruta iya aside imwe cyangwa iy'ibanze. Activator ya aside irimo potassium alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate n'ibindi. Activator ya alkaline irimo quicklime, sima, sima clinker, calcined dolomite n'ibindi.
amavuta yo kwisiga ya Thixotropic
Amavuta ya Thixovariable akoreshwa muri gypsum cyangwa stuccoing gypsum yigenga, ashobora kugabanya imbaraga zo gutemba kwa gypsum, kongera igihe cyo gufungura, gukumira intera no guhagarara kw'amatafari, kugira ngo amatafari abone amavuta meza kandi yubatswe neza, mu gihe atuma imiterere y'umubiri ukomeye ingana, yongera imbaraga z'ubuso bwayo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-25-2022