Mītirauro (MC)
Ko te tātai ngota o te methylcellulose (MC) ko:
[C6H7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3)n\]x
Ko te tukanga whakaputa he hanga i te cellulose ether mā roto i te raupapa o ngā tauhohenga i muri i te tukatuka i te miro kua whakapaia ki te kawakore, me te whakamahi i te methyl chloride hei kaihoko etherification. Ko te tikanga, ko te taumata o te whakakapinga he 1.6~2.0, ā, he rerekē anō hoki te wairewatanga me ngā taumata rerekē o te whakakapinga. Nō te cellulose ether kore-ionic tēnei.
Ka wairewa te Methylcellulose i roto i te wai matao, ā, he uaua ki te wairewa i roto i te wai wera. He tino pumau tōna wairewa i roto i te awhe pH=3~12.
He pai te hototahitanga ki te māngaro, te kapia kuāra, me ētahi atu, me te maha o ngā matū horoi. Ina tae te pāmahana ki te pāmahana whakapūkara, ka puta te whakapūkara.
Ko te pupuri wai o te methylcellulose e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te tāpiri, te matotoru, te pai o te matūriki me te tere whakarewa.
I te nuinga o te wā, ki te nui te tāpiri, he iti te pai, ā, he nui te matotoru, he teitei te tere pupuri wai. I roto i ēnei, ko te nui o te tāpiri te mea nui rawa atu te pānga ki te tere pupuri wai, ā, kāore te taumata matotoru e rite tika ki te taumata pupuri wai. Ko te tere whakarewa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te whakarerekētanga mata o ngā matūriki cellulose me te pai o te matūriki.
I roto i ngā etera cellulose i runga ake nei, he nui ake ngā reiti pupuri wai o te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Ko te Carboxymethyl cellulose, e mōhiotia ana ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te cellulose, cmc, me ētahi atu, he polymer raina anionic, he tote konutai o te cellulose carboxylate, ā, he mea whakahou, he kore e pau. He rauemi matū mata.
Ko te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga hopi horoi, te umanga kai me te wai keri hinu, ā, ko te nui e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mea whakapaipai he 1% noa iho.
Ka hangaia te etera cellulose ionic mai i ngā muka māori (miro, me ētahi atu) i muri i te maimoatanga alkali, te whakamahi i te konutai monochloroacetate hei kaihoko etherification, ā, ka whai i te raupapa o ngā maimoatanga tauhohenga.
Ko te nui o te whakakapinga he 0.4~1.4 te nuinga, ā, he nui te pānga o te nui o te whakakapinga ki tōna mahi.
He tino pai te kaha o te CMC ki te here, ā, he pai te kaha o te wairewa ki te whakatārewa, engari kāore he uara tino rerekētanga kirihou.
Ina rewa te CMC, ka puta te depolymerization. Ka tīmata te piki o te matotoru i te wā e rewa ana, ka puta i te taumata teitei, kātahi ka heke ki te taumata papatahi. Ko te matotoru e puta mai ana e pā ana ki te depolymerization.
He hononga tata te nui o te whakakorenga matū ki te nui o te wai whakarewa ngoikore i roto i te hanganga. I roto i tētahi pūnaha whakakorenga ngoikore, pērā i te paraihe niho kei roto te glycerin me te wai, e kore te CMC e whakakorenga matū katoa, ā, ka tae ki tētahi pūwāhi taurite.
Mēnā he kukū wai tō te mea kua whakaritea, he māmā ake te tango i te polymerization o te CMC kua whakakapia rawatia, he pai ake te waihanga i te CMC kua whakakapia rawatia, i te CMC kua whakakapia iti.
Te Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)
Ka hangaia te HEC mā te rongoā i te miro kua whakapaia ki te kawakore, kātahi ka tauhohe ki te ethylene oxide hei kaihoko etherification i te aroaro o te acetone. Ko te nui o te whakakapinga he 1.5~2.0. He kaha te wai-aroha, ā, he ngāwari ki te mimiti i te makuku.
Ka wairewa te hydroxyethyl cellulose i roto i te wai matao, engari he uaua ki te wairewa i roto i te wai wera. Ka pumau tōna wairewa i te pāmahana teitei, ā, kāore e hangai.
He pumau ki ngā waikawa me ngā kawa noa. Ka taea e ngā kawakore te whakatere i tōna memeha me te whakanui ake i tōna matotoru. He kino ake tōna memeha i roto i te wai i tērā o te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
Te Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC)
Ko te tātai ngota o te HPMC ko:
\[C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m,OCH2CH(OH)CH3\]n\]x
He momo cellulose te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e tere piki haere ana te putanga me te whakamahinga.
He etera whakauru cellulose kore-ionic i hangaia mai i te miro kua whakapaia i muri i te alkaliization, mā te whakamahi i te propylene oxide me te methyl chloride hei kaihoko etherification, mā roto i te raupapa o ngā tauhohenga. Ko te taumata o te whakakapinga he 1.2~2.0.
He rerekē ōna āhuatanga nā te rerekētanga o ngā ōwehenga o te ihirangi methoxyl me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl.
He ngāwari te wairewa o te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te wai matao, engari he uaua ki te wairewa ki te wai wera. Engari he nui ake te pāmahana o tōna wairewatanga i roto i te wai wera i tō te methyl cellulose. He nui ake hoki te pai o te wairewatanga i roto i te wai matao ki te whakaritea ki te methyl cellulose.
E pā ana te matotoru o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki tōna taumaha ngota, ā, ki te nui ake te taumaha ngota, ka teitei ake te matotoru. Ka pā anō te pāmahana ki tōna matotoru, i te pikinga o te pāmahana, ka heke te matotoru. Heoi, he iti ake te pānga pāmahana o tōna matotoru teitei i te methyl cellulose. He pumau tōna otinga ina rongoatia ki te pāmahana rūma.
Ko te pupuri wai o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o tōna tāpiri, te matotoru, me ētahi atu, ā, ko tōna tere pupuri wai i te nui tāpiri kotahi he teitei ake i tērā o te methyl cellulose.
He pumau te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te waikawa me te kawakore, ā, he tino pumau tōna wairewa i te awhe pH=2~12. He iti noa te pānga o te houra kautika me te wai raima ki tōna mahi, engari ka taea e te kawakore te tere ake i tōna whakarewanga me te whakanui ake i tōna matotoru.
He pumau te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā tote noa, engari ki te teitei te kukū o te wai tote, ka piki ake te matotoru o te wai hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
Ka taea te whakaranu i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me ngā matū pūmua wairewa-wai hei hanga i tētahi otinga ōrite, matotoru ake. Pērā i te waipiro polyvinyl, te māngaro ether, te kapia huawhenua, me ētahi atu.
He pai ake te ātete o te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā whākōkī i te methylcellulose, ā, he iti ake te tūponotanga ka pakaruhia tōna otinga e te whākōkī i te methylcellulose.
Wā tuku: 14-Pepuere-2023