Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-formic acid ne-sodium formate?

1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali:

I-Formic acid (HCOOH): Iyi-carboxylic acid elula enefomula yamakhemikhali i-HCOOH. Yakhiwa yiqembu le-carboxyl (COOH), lapho i-hydrogen inamathele khona ku-carbon bese omunye umoya-mpilo wakha isibopho esiphindwe kabili ne-carbon.

I-Sodium formate (i-HCCONA): Usawoti we-sodium we-formic acid. Ama-hydrogen e-carboxylic ku-formic acid athathelwa indawo ama-ion e-sodium, akha i-sodium formate.

2. Izakhiwo zomzimba:

I-asidi ye-formic:
Emazingeni okushisa egumbi, i-formic acid iwuketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elimnandi.
Izinga lokubila kwalo lingu-100.8 degrees Celsius.
I-formic acid ixutshwa namanzi kanye nezinyibilikisi eziningi eziphilayo.
I-sodium formate:
I-sodium formate ivame ukuza ngesimo sempuphu emhlophe e-hygroscopic.
Iyancibilika emanzini kodwa inokuncibilika okulinganiselwe kwezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo.
Ngenxa yemvelo yayo ye-ionic, le nhlanganisela inephuzu lokuncibilika eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa ne-formic acid.

3. Okune-asidi noma i-alkaline:

I-asidi ye-formic:
I-formic acid iyi-asidi ebuthakathaka enganikela ngama-proton (H+) ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali.
I-sodium formate:
I-sodium formate usawoti otholakala ku-formic acid; ayina-acid. Esisombululoni samanzi, iyabola ibe ama-sodium ion (Na+) kanye nama-formate ion (HCOO-).

4. Inhloso:

I-asidi ye-formic:

Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwesikhumba, izindwangu kanye nodayi.
I-formic acid iyingxenye ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwezikhumba zezilwane embonini yesikhumba.
Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa kanye nokugcina imvelo kwezinye izimboni.
Kwezolimo, isetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane athile kanye nesikhunta.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokususa i-icing emigwaqweni nasezindleleni zokugijima.
Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa embonini yokunyathelisa nokudaya.
Le nhlanganisela isetshenziswa ekubholeni udaka embonini kawoyela negesi.
I-sodium formate isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokubopha kwezinye izinqubo zezimboni.

5. Ukukhiqizwa:

I-asidi ye-formic:

I-Formic acid ikhiqizwa yi-catalytic hydrogenation ye-carbon dioxide noma ukusabela kwe-methanol ne-carbon monoxide.
Izinqubo zezimboni zihilela ukusetshenziswa kwama-catalyst kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezela.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate ivame ukukhiqizwa ngokususa i-formic acid nge-sodium hydroxide.
I-sodium formate ephumelayo ingahlukaniswa nge-crystallization noma itholakale ngesimo sesisombululo.

6. Izinyathelo zokuphepha:

I-asidi ye-formic:

I-formic acid iyagqwala futhi ingabangela ukusha lapho ithinta isikhumba.
Ukuphefumula umhwamuko wayo kungabangela ukucasuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula.
I-sodium formate:

Nakuba i-sodium formate ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengengeyona ingozi kakhulu kune-formic acid, kusadingeka kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphatha nokugcina ezifanele.
Iziqondiso zokuphepha kumele zilandelwe lapho kusetshenziswa i-sodium formate ukuze kugwenywe izingozi ezingaba khona empilweni.

7. Umthelela kwezemvelo:

I-asidi ye-formic:

I-formic acid ingabola ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Umthelela wayo emvelweni uthintwa yizici ezifana nokugxilisa ingqondo kanye nesikhathi sokuchayeka.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengenobungani nemvelo futhi inomthelela ophansi kunezinye izithambisi-ndlela.

8. Izindleko Nokutholakala Kwazo:

I-asidi ye-formic:

Izindleko ze-formic acid zingahluka kuye ngendlela yokukhiqiza kanye nobumsulwa.
Ingathengwa kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate ithengiswa ngentengo encintisanayo futhi ukutholakala kwayo kuthinteka yisidingo esivela ezimbonini ezahlukene.
Ilungiswa ngokususa i-formic acid kanye ne-sodium hydroxide.

I-formic acid kanye ne-sodium formate kuyizinto ezihlukene ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene kanye nezicelo. I-formic acid iyi-acid ebuthakathaka esetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, kusukela ezinqubweni zezimboni kuya kwezolimo, kuyilapho i-sodium formate, usawoti we-sodium we-formic acid, isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezifana nokususa i-icing, izindwangu kanye nemboni kawoyela negesi. Ukuqonda izakhiwo zazo kubalulekile ekuphathweni okuphephile nasekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.