Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-formic acid kunye ne-sodium formate?

1. Ulwakhiwo lwekhemikhali:

I-asidi ye-Formic (HCOOH): Yi-asidi ye-carboxylic elula enefomyula yekhemikhali i-HCOOH. Iqulathe iqela le-carboxyl (COOH), apho i-hydrogen incamathiselwe kwi-carbon kwaye enye i-oxygen yenza i-bond ephindwe kabini ne-carbon.

I-Sodium formate (HCCONA): Yityuwa yesodium ye-formic acid. Ii-carboxylic hydrogens kwi-formic acid zithathelwa indawo yi-sodium ions, zenze i-sodium formate.

2. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo:

I-asidi ye-formic:
Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, i-formic acid lulwelo olungenambala olunevumba elibi.
Iqondo lokubila kwayo liyi-100.8 degrees Celsius.
I-asidi ye-formic ixutywa namanzi kunye nezinyibilikisi ezininzi ze-organic.
I-sodium formate:
I-sodium formate idla ngokuza ngohlobo lwepowder emhlophe ene-hygroscopic.
Iyanyibilika emanzini kodwa inokunyibilika okuncinci kwezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo.
Ngenxa yendalo yayo ye-ionic, le compound ineqondo lokunyibilika eliphezulu xa ithelekiswa ne-formic acid.

3. I-asidi okanye i-alkaline:

I-asidi ye-formic:
I-asidi ye-formic yi-asidi ebuthathaka enokuthi inike iiproton (H+) kwiimpendulo zamakhemikhali.
I-sodium formate:
I-sodium formate yityuwa ephuma kwi-formic acid; ayina-asidi. Kwisisombululo samanzi, iyabola ibe yi-sodium ions (Na+) kwaye i-formate ions (HCOO-).

4. Injongo:

I-asidi ye-formic:

Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni ulusu, amalaphu kunye needayi.
I-asidi ye-formic yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekucutshungulweni kwezikhumba zezilwanyana kwishishini lesikhumba.
Isetyenziswa njenge-reducing agent kunye ne-preservative kwezinye iindawo zoshishino.
Kwezolimo, isetyenziswa njengesongezelelo sokondla ukuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ezithile kunye neefungi.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokususa i-icing kwiindlela nakwiindlela zokubaleka kweenqwelo moya.
Isetyenziswa njengearhente yokunciphisa ubushushu kwishishini lokuprinta nokudaya.
Le khompawundi isetyenziswa ekubholeni izinto zodaka kwishishini leoyile negesi.
I-sodium formate isetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokuthintela kwezinye iinkqubo zoshishino.

5. Imveliso:

I-asidi ye-formic:

I-asidi ye-formic iveliswa yi-hydrogenation ye-catalytic ye-carbon dioxide okanye i-reaction ye-methanol kunye ne-carbon monoxide.
Iinkqubo zoshishino ziquka ukusetyenziswa kwee-catalysts kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate idla ngokuveliswa ngokuthomalalisa i-formic acid nge-sodium hydroxide.
I-sodium formate ephumayo inokwahlulwa nge-crystallization okanye ifunyanwe kwifom yesisombululo.

6. Amanyathelo okhuseleko:

I-asidi ye-formic:

I-asidi ye-formic iyatsha kwaye inokubangela ukutsha xa idibana nolusu.
Ukuphefumla umphunga wayo kunokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa kwenkqubo yokuphefumla.
I-sodium formate:

Nangona i-sodium formate idla ngokuthathwa njengengenabungozi kangako kune-formic acid, kusafuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okuphatha nokugcina afanelekileyo.
Imigaqo yokhuseleko mayilandelwe xa kusetyenziswa i-sodium formate ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi ezinokubakho empilweni.

7. Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo:

I-asidi ye-formic:

I-asidi ye-formic inokubola phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Impembelelo yayo kwindalo esingqongileyo ichaphazeleka zizinto ezifana nokugxila kunye nexesha lokuvezwa.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate ithathwa njengenobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye inefuthe eliphantsi kunezinye izithambisi-ndlela.

8. Ixabiso kunye nokuFumaneka:

I-asidi ye-formic:

Ixabiso le-formic acid linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokuvelisa kunye nobunyulu.
Ingathengwa kubaboneleli abahlukeneyo.
I-sodium formate:

I-sodium formate ithengiswa ngexabiso elifanelekileyo kwaye ukubonelela kwayo kuchaphazeleka yimfuno evela kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ilungiswa ngokuthomalalisa i-formic acid kunye ne-sodium hydroxide.

I-formic acid kunye ne-sodium formate ziikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa. I-formic acid yi-acid ebuthathaka esetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, ukusuka kwiinkqubo zoshishino ukuya kwezolimo, ngelixa i-sodium formate, ityuwa yesodium ye-formic acid, isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifana nokususa i-icing, amalaphu kunye nomzi-mveliso weoyile negesi. Ukuqonda iimpawu zazo kubalulekile ekuphathweni ngokukhuselekileyo nasekusetyenzisweni ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.