1. Hanganga matū:
Waikawa Formic (HCOOH): He waikawa carboxylic māmā noa iho, ko te tātai matū HCOOH. Kei roto ko te rōpū carboxyl (COOH), e piri ana te hauwai ki te waro, ā, ka hanga hononga takirua tētahi atu hāora ki te waro.
Te konutai formate (HCCONa): Ko te tote konutai tēnei o te waikawa formic. Ka whakakapia ngā hauwai carboxylic i roto i te waikawa formic e ngā iona konutai, ka hanga ko te konutai formate.
2. Ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana:
Waikawa formic:
I te pāmahana rūma, he wai kore tae te waikawa formic, he kakara haunga.
Ko tōna pāmahana kohua he 100.8 nekehanga Celsius.
Ka taea te whakaranu i te waikawa formic ki te wai me te maha o ngā whakarewa waro.
Pūmua konutai:
Ko te konutai formate he paura mā e kore e memeha, e ngawari ana ki te hora.
Ka wairewa i roto i te wai engari he iti noa te wairewatanga i roto i ētahi whakarewa waro.
Nā tōna āhua ionic, he teitei ake te ira rewa o tēnei pūhui ki te whakataurite ki te waikawa formic.
3. Waikawa, kawakore rānei:
Waikawa formic:
He waikawa ngoikore te waikawa formic ka taea te tuku i ngā pūrotana (H+) i roto i ngā tauhohenga matū.
Pūmua konutai:
He tote te konutai formate i ahu mai i te waikawa formic; ehara i te waikawa. I roto i te wai, ka pakaru hei iona konutai (Na+) me ngā iona formate (HCOO-).
4. Kaupapa:
Waikawa formic:
He mea whakamahi noa i roto i te hanga hiako, kakahu me ngā tae.
He wāhanga nui te waikawa formic i roto i te tukatuka i ngā hiako kararehe i roto i te umanga hiako.
E whakamahia ana hei whakaiti me hei tiaki matū i roto i ētahi ahumahi.
I roto i te ahuwhenua, ka whakamahia hei tāpiringa kai hei aukati i te tipu o ētahi huakita me ngā harore.
Pūmua konutai:
Ka whakamahia te konutai formate hei tango hukapapa mō ngā rori me ngā ara rere.
Whakamahia hei whakaiti i roto i te umanga tā me te tae.
Ka whakamahia tēnei matū hei keri i ngā hanganga paru i roto i te umanga hinu me te hau.
Ka whakamahia te konutai formate hei kaihoko ārai i roto i ētahi tukanga ahumahi.
5. Te Hanga:
Waikawa formic:
Ka puta te waikawa formic mā te hauwaitanga catalytic o te hauhā waro, mā te tauhohenga rānei o te methanol me te hauhā waro.
Ko ngā tukanga ahumahi e whakamahi ana i ngā whakakorikori me ngā pāmahana me ngā pēhanga teitei.
Pūmua konutai:
Ko te tikanga ka puta te konutai formate mā te whakakore i te waikawa formic ki te konutai hauwai.
Ka taea te wehe i te konutai formate e puta mai ana mā te whakatioatatanga, ka taea rānei te whiwhi i roto i te āhua wairewa.
6. Ngā whakatūpato haumaru:
Waikawa formic:
He waikura te waikawa formic, ā, ka taea te wera ina pā ki te kiri.
Ka pāngia pea te pūnaha manawa e te hongihanga o ōna kohu.
Pūmua konutai:
Ahakoa e kiia ana ko te konutai formate he iti ake te mōrearea i te waikawa formic, me mātua tupato tonu ki te whakahaere me te rokiroki tika.
Me whai i ngā aratohu haumaru i te wā e whakamahi ana i te konutai formate hei karo i ngā tūponotanga kino ki te hauora.
7. Pānga ki te taiao:
Waikawa formic:
Ka taea e te waikawa formic te pirau i raro i ētahi āhuatanga.
Ka pāngia tōna pānga ki te taiao e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kukū me te roa o te wā e whakaatuhia ana.
Pūmua konutai:
Ko te konutai formate e kiia ana he pai mō te taiao, ā, he iti ake tōna pānga i ētahi atu taputapu tango hukapapa.
8. Te Utu me te Wātea:
Waikawa formic:
Ka rerekē te utu o te waikawa formic i runga i te tikanga whakaputa me te parakore.
Ka taea te hoko mai i ngā kaiwhakarato rerekē.
Pūmua konutai:
He whakataetae te utu mō te konutai formate, ā, e pāngia ana te tukunga mai e te tono mai i ngā ahumahi rerekē.
Ka whakaritea mā te whakakore i te waikawa formic me te hauwaiwai konutai.
He rerekē ngā matū o te waikawa formic me te konutai formate, ā, he rerekē ō rātou āhuatanga me ā rātou whakamahinga. He waikawa ngoikore te waikawa formic e whakamahia ana i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā whakamahinga, mai i ngā tukanga ahumahi ki te ahuwhenua, ko te konutai formate ia, te tote konutai o te waikawa formic, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mahi pēnei i te tango hukapapa, te kakahu me te umanga hinu me te hau. He mea nui te mārama ki ō rātou āhuatanga mō te whakahaere haumaru me te whakamahinga whai hua i roto i ngā mara rerekē.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-06-2023