Izici eziyinhloko zokuphuzi kobuso be-putty engangeni manzi Ngemva kocwaningo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, inani elikhulu lokuhlola kanye nomkhuba wobunjiniyela, umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi izici eziyinhloko zokuphuzi kobuso be-putty engangeni manzi yilezi ezilandelayo:
Isizathu 1. I-calcium hydroxide (umlotha we-calcium powder) ibuyela ku-alkali ibangela ukuphuzi I-calcium hydroxide, ifomula yama-molecule Ca (OH) 2, isisindo sama-molecule esihlobene 74, iphuzu lokuncibilika 5220, inani le-pH ≥ 12, i-alkaline eqinile, impuphu emhlophe ecolekile, Incibilika kancane emanzini, incibilika ku-asidi, i-glycerin, ushukela, i-ammonium chloride, incibilika ku-asidi ukuze ikhiphe ukushisa okuningi, ubuningi obuhlobene bungu-2.24, isixazululo sayo samanzi esicacile siwuketshezi olucacile lwe-alkaline olungenambala, olungenaphunga, kancane kancane Uma lumuncwa, i-calcium oxide iba yi-calcium carbonate. I-calcium hydroxide i-alkaline enamandla ngokulinganisela, i-alkaline yayo kanye nokubola kwayo kubuthakathaka kune-sodium hydroxide, i-calcium hydroxide kanye nesisombululo sayo samanzi kuyalimaza esikhumbeni somuntu, ezingutsheni, njll., kodwa akunabo ubuthi, futhi akufanele ixhumane ngqo nesikhumba isikhathi eside.
I-calcium hydroxide iyisithako esisebenzayo ku-putty engangeni manzi ukuze sakhe ifilimu eqinile ene-calcium carbonate esindayo kanye nempuphu yerabha ecwebezelayo. Ngenxa ye-alkalinity yayo enamandla kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alkali, ingxenye yamanzi ku-putty izomuncwa yisisekelo sodonga ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa. Iphansi elifanayo le-alkaline cement mortar, noma iphansi le-sand-lime (i-lime, isihlabathi, inani elincane le-simende) liyamuncwa, njengoba ungqimba lwe-putty loma kancane kancane futhi amanzi eshintshashintsha, izinto ze-alkaline ku-mortar engaphansi kanye ne-putty kanti ezinye zazo azizinzile ngemva kwe-hydrolysis Izinto eziku-putty (njenge-ferrous iron, i-ferric iron, njll.) zizophuma ngemibhobho emincane ye-putty, futhi kuzovela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngemva kokuhlangana nomoya, okubangela ukuthi ubuso be-putty buphenduke buphuzi.
Isizathu 2. Amagesi amakhemikhali angokwemvelo aguquguqukayo. Njenge-carbon monoxide (CO), i-sulfur dioxide (SO2), i-benzene, i-toluene, i-xylene, i-formaldehyde, i-pyrotechnics, njll. Kwezinye izimo zobunjiniyela, kube nezimo lapho ubuso be-putty buphenduke buphuzi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kopende nomlilo ukuze kugcinwe kufudumele ekamelweni lapho i-putty engangeni manzi isanda kuklwejwa, noma ngisho nokushisa impepho ekamelweni, kanye nabantu abaningi ababhema ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Isizathu 3. Umthelela wesimo sezulu kanye nezici zemvelo. Esifundeni esisenyakatho, ngesikhathi sokushintshana kwesizini, ubuso be-putty buvame ukuphenduka buphuzi kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuMeyi wonyaka olandelayo, kodwa lokhu kuyinto engavamile.
Isizathu 4. Isimo sokungenisa umoya nokomisa asisihle. Udonga lumanzi. Ngemva kokuklwebha i-putty engangeni manzi, uma ungqimba lwe-putty lungemile ngokuphelele, ukuvala iminyango namafasitela isikhathi eside kuzokwenza kalula ukuthi ubuso be-putty bube phuzi.
Isizathu 5. Izinkinga zezimpande. Iphansi lodonga oludala ngokuvamile luwudonga olumpunga njengesihlabathi (ilayimu, isihlabathi, isamba esincane sikasimende, kanti ezinye zixutshwe ne-gypsum). Nkosi, kodwa kusenezindawo eziningi lapho izindonga zifakwe khona ilayimu ne-plaster. Izinto eziningi zodonga ziyi-alkaline. Ngemva kokuba i-putty ithinte udonga, amanzi athile azomuncwa udonga. Ngemva kwe-hydrolysis kanye ne-oxidation, ezinye izinto, njenge-alkali ne-iron, zizophuma ngemibhobho emincane yodonga. Kwenzeka ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, okubangela ukuthi ubuso be-putty buphenduke buphuzi.
Isizathu 6. Ezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwezici ezingenzeka ezingenhla, kuzoba nezinye izinto, okudingeka zihlolwe kabanzi.
Isixazululo sokuvimbela i-putty engangeni manzi ukuthi ibuyele kophuzi:
Indlela 1. Sebenzisa i-ejenti yokuvala ngemuva ukuze uvale ngemuva.
Indlela 2. Ekuhlobiseni udonga oludala, i-putty ejwayelekile yezinga eliphansi engamelani namanzi futhi okulula ukuyicola ike yaklwejwa ngaphambili. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-putty yezinga eliphezulu engamelani namanzi, ukwelashwa kobuchwepheshe kufanele kwenziwe kuqala. Indlela yile: qala ngokufafaza amanzi ukuze umanzise ubuso bodonga, bese usebenzisa i-spatula ukuze uyisule. Susa yonke i-putty endala bese uyipenda (kuze kube phansi okuqinile) bese uyihlanza. Ngemva kokuba udonga selomile ngokuphelele, luhlanze futhi bese usebenzisa i-backing agent ukumboza ukwelashwa kwe-backing, bese uklwebha i-putty engamelani namanzi. ophuzi.
Indlela 3. Gwema amagesi amakhemikhali ashintshashintshayo kanye neziqhumane. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ikakhulukazi lapho i-putty ingomi ngokuphelele ngemva kokwakha, ungabhemi noma ubase umlilo endlini ukuze ufudumale, futhi ungasebenzisi amakhemikhali ashintshashintshayo njengopende kanye nezinto eziwunciphayo ngaphakathi endlini zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu.
Indlela 4. Gcina indawo inomoya futhi yomile. Ngaphambi kokuba i-putty engangeni manzi yome ngokuphelele, ungavali iminyango namafasitela ngokuqinile, kodwa vula amafasitela ukuze kungene umoya, ukuze ungqimba lwe-putty lome ngokushesha okukhulu.
Indlela 5. Inani elifanele le-462 modified ultramarine lingangezwa ku-putty engangeni manzi. Indlela ethile: Ngokwesilinganiso se-462 modified ultramarine: i-putty powder = 0.1: 1000, qala ngokufaka i-ultramarine enanini elithile lamanzi, uvuselele ukuze uncibilike bese uhlunga, engeza isixazululo samanzi se-ultramarine namanzi esitsheni, bese ucindezela amanzi aphelele: i-putty powder = 0.5 : 1 isisindo, faka i-putty powder esitsheni, uyivuselele ngokulinganayo ngomxube ukuze wakhe ubisi olukhilimu, bese ulusebenzisa. Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi ukwengeza inani elithile le-ultramarine blue kungavimbela ubuso be-putty ukuthi buphenduke buphuzi ngezinga elithile.
Indlela 6. Ku-putty ephenduke yaba phuzi, ukwelashwa kobuchwepheshe kuyadingeka. Indlela yokwelapha ejwayelekile yile: qala ufake i-primer ebusweni be-putty, bese uklwebha bese ufaka i-putty yezinga eliphezulu engangeni manzi noma upende we-latex wangaphakathi odongeni.
Fingqa amaphuzu angenhla:
Ukuphuzi kobuso be-putty engangeni manzi kanye nopende we-porcelain oyisibonelo kuhilela izici eziningi ezifana nezinto zokusetshenziswa, izimo zemvelo, izimo zezulu, isisekelo sodonga, ubuchwepheshe bokwakha, njll. Kuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nengxoxo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-28-2024