Isimo se-Industry chain:
(1) Imboni ekhuphukayo
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwei-cellulose etherkufaka phakathi ukotini ocwengekile (noma i-pulp yokhuni) kanye nezinye izinyibilikisi zamakhemikhali ezivamile, njenge-propylene oxide, i-methyl chloride, i-caustic soda ewuketshezi, i-caustic soda, i-ethylene oxide, i-toluene nezinye izinto ezisizayo. Amabhizinisi omkhakha ophakeme alo mkhakha afaka phakathi ukotini ocwengekile, amabhizinisi okukhiqiza i-pulp yokhuni kanye namanye amabhizinisi amakhemikhali. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla kuzoba nomthelela ohlukahlukene ezindleleni zokukhiqiza kanye nentengo yokuthengisa ye-cellulose ether.
Izindleko zekotini elicwengisiwe ziphakeme kakhulu. Uma sibheka i-cellulose ether yezinga lezinto zokwakha njengesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokubika, izindleko zekotini elicwengisiwe zaba ngu-31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% kanye no-26.90% wezindleko zokuthengisa ze-cellulose ether yezinga lezinto zokwakha. Ukuguquguquka kwentengo yekotini elicwengisiwe kuzothinta izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-cellulose ether. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ikotini elicwengisiwe yizinti zikakotini. Izinti zikakotini zingenye yemikhiqizo engaphansi kwenqubo yokukhiqiza ikotini, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza i-pulp kakotini, ikotini elicwengisiwe, i-nitrocellulose neminye imikhiqizo. Inani lokusetshenziswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinti zikakotini kanye nokotini kuhlukile kakhulu, futhi intengo yayo iphansi ngokusobala kuneyokotini, kodwa inobuhlobo obuthile nokuguquguquka kwentengo yokotini. Ukuguquguquka kwentengo yezinti zikakotini kuthinta intengo yokotini elicwengisiwe.
Ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwentengo kakotini ocwengekile kuzoba nomthelela ohlukile ekulawulweni kwezindleko zokukhiqiza, intengo yomkhiqizo kanye nenzuzo yamabhizinisi kulo mkhakha. Uma intengo kakotini ocwengekile iphezulu futhi intengo kakotini ocwengekile ishibhile, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, ukhuni olucwengekile lungasetshenziswa njengesithasiselo kanye nesengezo sikakotini ocwengekile, ikakhulukazi esisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-ether e-cellulose ane-viscosity ephansi njenge-ethers yemithi kanye ne-food grade cellulose. Ngokusho kwedatha evela kuwebhusayithi ye-National Bureau of Statistics, ngo-2013, indawo yokutshala ukotini ezweni lami yayingamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.35, kanti umkhiqizo kakotini kazwelonke wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.31. Ngokusho kwezibalo ezivela kwi-China Cellulose Industry Association, ngo-2014, umkhiqizo ophelele kakotini ocwengekile okhiqizwe abakhiqizi abakhulu bakakotini abacwengekile basekhaya wawungamathani angu-332,000, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuningi.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite yi-carbon yensimbi ne-graphite. Intengo ye-carbon yensimbi ne-graphite ibangela ingxenye ephezulu yezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite. Ukuguquguquka kwamanani kwalezi zinto zokusetshenziswa kuzoba nomthelela othile ezindleleni zokukhiqiza kanye nentengo yokuthengisa yemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite.
(2) Imboni engezansi ye-cellulose ether
Njenge-"industrial monosodium glutamate", i-cellulose ether inesilinganiso esincane se-cellulose ether futhi inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa. Izimboni ezingezansi zisakazeke kuzo zonke izindlela zokuphila emnothweni wezwe.
Ngokuvamile, imboni yokwakha engezansi kanye nemboni yezindlu izoba nomthelela othile esilinganisweni sokukhula kwesidingo se-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha zezinga eliphezulu. Lapho imboni yokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu ikhula ngokushesha, isidingo semakethe yasekhaya se-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha zezinga eliphezulu sikhula ngokushesha. Lapho izinga lokukhula kwemboni yokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu lincipha, izinga lokukhula kwesidingo se-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha zezinga eliphezulu emakethe yasekhaya lizoncipha, okuzoqinisa ukuncintisana kulo mkhakha futhi kusheshise inqubo yokusinda kwamabhizinisi aqinile kulo mkhakha.
Kusukela ngo-2012, ngokwesimo sokwehla kwemboni yokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu, isidingo se-cellulose ether yezinga lokwakha emakethe yasekhaya asizange sishintshe kakhulu. Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi: 1. Isikali sisonke semboni yokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu sikhulu, kanti isidingo semakethe sisonke sikhulu kakhulu; imakethe yabathengi eyinhloko ye-cellulose ether yezinga lokwakha ikhula kancane kancane kusukela ezindaweni ezithuthukile kwezomnotho kanye namadolobha okuqala nawesibili kuya ezifundeni eziphakathi nasentshonalanga kanye namadolobha ezinga lesithathu, amandla okukhula kwesidingo sasekhaya kanye nokwandiswa kwesikhala; 2. Inani le-cellulose ether engeziwe libala ingxenye ephansi yezindleko zezinto zokwakha. Inani elisetshenziswa ikhasimende elilodwa lincane, futhi amakhasimende ahlakazekile, okuyinto evame ukufunwa kakhulu. Isidingo esiphelele emakethe engezansi sizinzile; 3. Ukushintsha kwentengo yemakethe kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ushintsho lwesakhiwo sesidingo se-cellulose ether yezinga lokwakha. Kusukela ngo-2012, intengo yokuthengisa ye-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha yezinga lehle kakhulu, okubangele ukwehla okukhulu kwentengo yemikhiqizo ephakathi kuya kwephezulu, okuheha amakhasimende amaningi ukuthi athenge futhi akhethe, okwandisa isidingo semikhiqizo ephakathi kuya kwephezulu, futhi kucindezela isidingo semakethe kanye nesikhala sentengo yamamodeli ajwayelekile.
Izinga lentuthuko yemboni yezemithi kanye nezinga lokukhula kwemboni yezemithi kuzothinta isidingo se-ether ye-cellulose yezinga lezemithi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindinganiso zokuphila zabantu kanye nemboni yokudla ethuthukisiwe kuyasiza ekuqhubekiseleni phambili isidingo semakethe se-ether ye-cellulose yezinga lokudla.
Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kwe-cellulose ether
Ngenxa yokwehluka kwesakhiwo sesidingo semakethe se-cellulose ether, izinkampani ezinamandla nobuthakathaka obuhlukene zingahlala ndawonye. Ngenxa yokwehluka okusobala kwesakhiwo sesidingo semakethe, abakhiqizi be-cellulose ether basekhaya basebenzise amasu okuncintisana ahlukene ngokusekelwe emandleni abo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele baqonde kahle ukuthambekela kwentuthuko kanye nesiqondiso semakethe.
(1) Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kusazoba yindawo eyinhloko yokuncintisana yamabhizinisi e-cellulose ether
I-Cellulose ether ibangela ingxenye encane yezindleko zokukhiqiza zamabhizinisi amaningi angaphansi kwalo mkhakha, kodwa inomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Amaqembu amakhasimende aphakathi nendawo kuya phezulu kumele adlule ekuhlolweni kwefomula ngaphambi kokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-cellulose ether. Ngemva kokwakha ifomula ezinzile, ngokuvamile akulula ukufaka eminye imikhiqizo esikhundleni sayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, izidingo eziphakeme zibekwa ekuzinzeni kwekhwalithi ye-cellulose ether. Lesi simo sibonakala kakhulu emikhakheni ephezulu njengabakhiqizi bezinto zokwakha abakhulu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, izinto ezisizayo zemithi, izithasiselo zokudla, kanye ne-PVC. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo, abakhiqizi kumele baqinisekise ukuthi ikhwalithi kanye nokuzinza kwamaqoqo ahlukene e-cellulose ether abayinikezayo kungagcinwa isikhathi eside, ukuze kwakheke idumela elingcono lemakethe.
(2) Ukuthuthukisa izinga lobuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo kuyisiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi asekhaya e-cellulose ether
Ngobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obukhula ngokuvuthwai-cellulose ether, izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa lisiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuncintisana okuphelele kwamabhizinisi kanye nokwakhiwa kobudlelwano obuzinzile namakhasimende. Izinkampani ze-cellulose ether ezaziwayo emazweni athuthukile zisebenzisa kakhulu isu lokuncintisana "lokubhekana namakhasimende amakhulu aphezulu + ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa okulandelayo" ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether kanye namafomula okusebenzisa, futhi zilungiselele uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo ngokuya ngezinkambu ezahlukene zesicelo ezihlukaniswe ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwamakhasimende, kanye nokuhlakulela isidingo semakethe esilandelayo. Ukuncintisana kwamabhizinisi e-cellulose ether emazweni athuthukile kuye kwasuka ekungeneni komkhiqizo kuya ekuncintisaneni emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-25-2024