Udaka oluxutshwe ngomshini owomile luyimpuphu eqediwe eyenziwe ngezinto zokwakha ezixutshwe ngomshini owomile, ama-aggregates, ama-filler, kanye nezinye izithako ezisebenzayo ngezilinganiso ezifanele efektri. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, lungasetshenziswa ngokumane ungeze amanzi bese uxuba. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokusebenza okungafani kokwakha kanye nezidingo zokuqina, udaka oluxutshwe ngomshini owomile luvame ukudinga ukwengezwa kwezithasiselo eziningi, lapho ama-cellulose ethers engenye yezithasiselo ze-polymer ezibaluleke kakhulu eziphilayo.
1. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezithasiselo Ezivamile Ze-Dry-mix Mortar
1.1. Izinto Zokugcina Amanzi Eziqinile
Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka phakathii-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC),i-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC), futhii-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC).
Imisebenzi Eyinhloko: Ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi e-mortar, ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuvula, nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kanye ne-thixotropy ngesikhathi sokwakha.
1.2. Ama-Retarder nama-Accelerator
Ama-retarders (njenge-citric acid kanye ne-tartaric acid) ayabambezela ukusetha futhi afanele ukwakhiwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa okukhulu. Ama-accelerator (njenge-chloride salts kanye ne-aluminium salts) asheshisa ukusetha kanye nokuqina emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
1.3. Ama-ejenti Okungenisa Umoya
Ama-lignin sulfonates kanye nama-alkyl sulfonates asetshenziswa kakhulu. Athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-mortar, ukumelana neqhwa, kanye nokugeleza kokusetshenziswa ngokungenisa amabhamuza amancane.
1.4. Izinto Zokunciphisa Amanzi
Ngokuyinhloko, ama-ejenti asekelwe ku-naphthalene kanye ne-polycarboxylic acid, anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi futhi athuthukisa amandla nokuqina kwe-mortar.
1.5. Impuphu yePolymer Ephinde Ihlakazeke (RDP)
Kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwe-mortar, ukunamathela, kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka. Isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-adhesive e-tile, izinhlelo zokuvikela udonga lwangaphandle, kanye nama-mortar okulungisa.
1.6. Ezinye Izithasiselo Ezisebenzayo
Kuhlanganisa izinto ezivimbela ukubola, izinto ezixosha amanzi, izimpushana ezivikela amanzi, kanye nama-starch ether aqinile. Lezi zithasiselo zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni okuhlosiwe kwe-mortar.
2. Indlela Yokusebenza Kwe-Cellulose Ethers Ku-Dry-Mix Mortars
Ama-cellulose ether ayisigaba sama-polymer angewona ama-ionic ancibilika emanzini asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zodaka oluxutshwe okomile. Izindlela zawo eziyinhloko zokusebenza zifaka:
2.1. Ukugcinwa Kwamanzi
Ama-molecule e-cellulose ether amunca futhi avale amanzi axubile, anciphise ukulahlekelwa kwawo yi-substrate kanye nomoya, aqinisekise isikhathi esanele sokumuncwa kwezinto eziqinisa ubumba, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise amandla e-mortar.
2.2. Ukulawulwa Kokuqina Nokujiya Kwegazi
Ama-cellulose ether akha isixazululo esiqinile emanzini, athuthukisa ukuqina okumanzi nokunamathela kwe-mortar, okwenza ingabi lula ukushelela (ukumelana nokugoba) ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-cellulose ethers asezingeni eliphezulu abonisa i-thixotropy enhle kakhulu, okwenza kube lula ukwenza kube bushelelezi kanye nokulinganisa.
2.3. Ukusebenza Okuthuthukisiwe
Umphumela wokubambisana kokugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological kuqinisekisa isikhathi eside esisebenzayo kanye nomuzwa obushelelezi we-mortar, kunciphisa ukukhathala ngesikhathi sokufaka.
2.4. Ukuzinza Okuthuthukisiwe
Ukunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokopha kwegazi kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe nezinto ezisebenzisa ukhonkolo kuthuthukisa ukufana kodaka kanye nokuqina kwekhwalithi yokwakha.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Cellulose Ethers kuma-Mortars ahlukene e-Dry-Mix
3.1. Udaka Lokwakha Amatshe Nodaka Lweplasta
Kudingeka ukugcinwa kwamanzi amaningi kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ama-cellulose ether anganciphisa ukugoba nokuqhekeka, futhi athuthukise ukunamathela.
3.2. Isinamathelisi Sethayela
Kudingeka izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokulwa nokuwa kanye nesikhathi eside sokuvula. Ama-cellulose ether aqinisekisa ukuthi amathayili awasheleli ngemva kokufakwa futhi avumela isikhathi esanele sokulungisa.
3.3. Udaka Oluzilinganisayo
Kudingeka uketshezi oluphezulu kanye nokuqina. Khetha i-cellulose ether ene-viscosity ephansi kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuphezulu ukuze ugweme ukopha kanye nokwahlukana.
3.4. Udaka Lohlelo Lokuvikela Lwangaphandle (i-EIFS)
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuthinta ngqo ukunamathelana phakathi kwebhodi lokufaka insulation kanye nodaka. Ama-cellulose ether angaqinisekisa ikhwalithi efanayo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okukhulu.
4. Izinto Okumelwe Uzicabangele Zokukhetha Nokwengeza
Ukukhetha Ukuthamba: Ukuthamba okuphezulu kunikeza ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuqinile kodwa kunganciphisa ukusebenza; ukuthamba okuphansi kunikeza ukugeleza okuhle kodwa kuthambekele ekuphumeni kwegazi. Ukulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni okuthile. Inani lokwengeza: Ngokuvamile liyi-0.1% kuya ku-0.5% yesisindo sezinto ezisimende. Ukwengeza ngokweqile kungathinta amandla nesikhathi sokoma.
Ukuhlakazeka: Kudingeka ukuhlakazeka okuphelele ngesikhathi sokuxuba okomile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqunjelwa ngemva kokufakwa kwamanzi.
Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-dry-mix mortar kudinga uhlelo lokwengeza oluzwakalayo, kanyei-cellulose etheriyisiguquli esiyinhloko ngaphakathi kwalolu hlelo. Ayigcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-mortar, kodwa futhi ithinta ngokungaqondile amandla e-bond, ukuqina, kanye nekhwalithi yobuso. Njengoba izidingo zokwakha ziyanda kanye nokwamukelwa kabanzi kwemibono yokonga amandla kanye neyobungani nemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether ku-mortar exutshwe nowomile kuzoba okuhlukahlukene kakhulu futhi kucwengekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-15-2025