I-Hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseiwuhlobo lwe-non-ionic cellulose mixed ether. Ngokungafani ne-ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose mixed ether, ayisabelani nezinsimbi ezisindayo. Ngenxa yezilinganiso ezahlukene zokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl ku-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kanye ne-viscosities ezahlukene, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene, isibonelo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-methoxyl kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-hydroxypropyl. Ukusebenza kwayo kuseduze nokwe-methyl cellulose, kuyilapho ukusebenza kokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-methoxyl kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hydroxypropyl kuseduze nokwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Kodwa-ke, kuhlobo ngalunye, yize kuqukethwe inani elincane leqembu le-hydroxypropyl noma inani elincane leqembu le-methoxyl, kunomehluko omkhulu ekuncibilikeni kwezinyibilikisi eziphilayo noma izinga lokushisa le-flocculation ezixazululweni zamanzi.
(1) Izakhiwo zokuncibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Ukuncibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose emanziniI-Hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseempeleni uhlobo lwe-methylcellulose oluguqulwe yi-propylene oxide (i-methoxy-propylene), ngakho-ke isenezakhiwo ezifanayo ne-methyl cellulose inezici ezifanayo zokuncibilika kwamanzi abandayo kanye nokungancibiliki kwamanzi ashisayo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yeqembu le-hydroxypropyl eliguquliwe, izinga lokushisa layo le-gelation emanzini ashisayo liphakeme kakhulu kunele-methyl cellulose. Isibonelo, i-viscosity yesisombululo samanzi se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose esinezinga lokufaka esikhundleni se-2% methoxy content DS=0.73 kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl MS=0.46 kungama-500 mpa·s ku-20°C, kanti izinga lokushisa layo le-gel lingafinyelela cishe ku-100°C, kuyilapho i-methyl cellulose ekushiseni okufanayo ingama-55°C kuphela. Ngokuphathelene nokuncibilika kwayo emanzini, nayo ithuthukisiwe kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ecoliwe (esimo se-granular esingu-0.2 ~ 0.5mm ku-20°C ene-viscosity yesisombululo samanzi esingu-4% sama-2pa•s ingathengwa ekushiseni kwegumbi, incibilika kalula emanzini ngaphandle kokupholisa.
② Ukuncibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo, ukuncibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo nakho kungcono kunokwe-methylcellulose. I-Methylcellulose idinga ukuba nezinga lokufaka esikhundleni le-methoxyl elingu-2.1 Imikhiqizo engenhla, kodwa equkethe i-hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 kanye ne-methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu enezinga lokufaka esikhundleni elingaphezu kuka-1.8 incibilika ezingxubeni ze-methanol ne-ethanol ezingaphili, futhi ine-thermos-plasticity kanye nokuncibilika kwamanzi. Iphinde incibilike kuma-hydrocarbon ane-chlorine njenge-methylene chloride kanye ne-chloroform, kanye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo njenge-acetone, i-isopropanol kanye ne-diacetone alcohol. Ukuncibilika kwayo ezinyibilikisini eziphilayo kungcono kunokuncibilika kwamanzi.
(2) Izici Ezithonya Ukuqina Kwe-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ukunqunywa okujwayelekile kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose kufana nokwezinye i-cellulose ethers. Kulinganiswa ku-20°C ngesisombululo samanzi esingu-2% njengendinganiso. Ukuqina komkhiqizo ofanayo kuyanda ngokwanda kokuhlushwa. Emikhiqizweni enesisindo sama-molecule ahlukene ekuhlushweni okufanayo, umkhiqizo onesisindo sama-molecule esikhulu une-viscosity ephezulu. Ubuhlobo bawo nokushisa bufana nobe-methyl cellulose. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-viscosity iqala ukwehla, kodwa lapho ifinyelela izinga lokushisa elithile, i-viscosity ikhuphuka ngokuzumayo futhi kwenzeka i-gelation. Izinga lokushisa le-gel lemikhiqizo ene-viscosity ephansi liphezulu. Iphuzu layo le-gel alihlobene nje kuphela ne-viscosity ye-ether, kodwa futhi lihlobene nesilinganiso sokwakheka kweqembu le-methoxyl kanye neqembu le-hydroxypropyl ku-ether kanye nosayizi wezinga lokufaka esikhundleni eliphelele. Kumelwe kuqashelwe ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nayo iyi-pseudoplastic, futhi isixazululo sayo sizinzile ekushiseni kwegumbi ngaphandle kokwehla kwe-viscosity ngaphandle kokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-enzyme yonakale.
(3) Ukubekezelela usawoti we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Njengoba i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyi-ether engeyona i-ionic, ayifakwanga i-ionized emanzini, ngokungafani namanye ama-ether e-ionic cellulose, njenge-carboxymethyl Base cellulose, esixazululweni sokusabela ngama-ion ensimbi esindayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa. Usawoti ojwayelekile njenge-chloride, i-bromide, i-phosphate, i-nitrate, njll. ngeke usabalale uma ungezwa esixazululweni sayo samanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukungezwa kosawoti kunethonya elithile ekushiseni kwe-flocculation kwesisombululo sayo samanzi. Lapho ukusatshalaliswa kosawoti kukhuphuka, izinga lokushisa lejeli liyancipha. Lapho ukusatshalaliswa kosawoti kungaphansi kwephuzu le-flocculation, i-viscosity yesisombululo ivame ukwanda. Ngakho-ke, inani elithile likasawoti liyangezwa, lapho lisetshenziswa, lingafinyelela umphumela wokusatshalaliswa ngokonga. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube ye-cellulose ether nosawoti kunokufaka okuphezulu kwesisombululo se-ether ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokusatshalaliswa.
(4) I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid kanye nokumelana ne-alkali I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokuvamile izinzile kuma-acid nama-alkali, futhi ayithinteki ebangeni le-pH 2 ~ 12. Ingamelana nenani elithile le-asidi elula, njenge-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-citric acid, i-succinic acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-boric acid, njll. Kodwa i-acid egxilile inomphumela wokunciphisa i-viscosity. Ama-alkali afana ne-caustic soda, i-caustic potash kanye namanzi e-lime awanayo ithonya kuyo, kodwa angakhuphula kancane i-viscosity yesisombululo, bese enciphisa kancane.
(5) Ukuxubana kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Isixazululo se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose singaxutshwa nama-polymer ancibilikayo emanzini ukuze sibe yisisombululo esifanayo nesicacile esine-viscosity ephezulu. La ma-polymer ahlanganisa i-polyethylene glycol, i-polyvinyl acetate, i-polysilicone, i-polymethylvinyl siloxane, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, kanye ne-methyl cellulose. Ama-molecule aphezulu emvelo afana ne-gum arabic, i-locust bean gum, i-karaya gum, njll. nawo anokuhambisana okuhle nesisombululo sawo. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingaxutshwa ne-mannitol ester noma i-sorbitol ester ye-stearic acid noma i-palmitic acid, futhi ingaxutshwa ne-glycerin, i-sorbitol kanye ne-mannitol, futhi la ma-compound angasetshenziswa njenge-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ye-cellulose.
(6) Okungancibiliki emanziniama-ether e-celluloseI-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingenza ukuxhumanisa okungaphezulu nama-aldehydes, ukuze la ma-ether ancibilikayo emanzini angene esixazululweni futhi angancibiliki emanzini. Ama-aldehyde enza i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingancibiliki afaka i-formaldehyde, i-glyoxal, i-succinic aldehyde, i-adipaldehyde, njll. Uma usebenzisa i-formaldehyde, kufanele kunakwe kakhulu inani le-pH lesisombululo, lapho i-glyoxal isabela khona ngokushesha, ngakho-ke i-glyoxal ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-agent yokuxhumanisa ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni. Umthamo walolu hlobo lwe-agent yokuxhumanisa esixazululweni u-0.2% ~ 10% wesisindo se-ether, okungcono u-7% ~ 10%, isibonelo, u-3.3% ~ 6% we-glyoxal ufaneleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa lokwelashwa lingu-0 ~ 30℃, futhi isikhathi singu-1 ~ 120min. Ukusabela kokuxhumanisa kudingeka kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ze-acidic. Ngokuvamile, i-pH yesisombululo ilungiswa ibe cishe ngu-2~6 ngokungeza i-inorganic strong acid noma i-organic carboxylic acid esixazululweni, okungcono kube phakathi kuka-4~6, bese kufakwa ama-aldehyde ukuze kwenziwe ukusabela kokuxhumanisa. I-asidi esetshenzisiwe ine-hydrochloric acid, i-sulfuric acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-hydroxy-acetic acid, i-succinic acid noma i-citric acid njll., lapho i-formic acid noma i-acetic acid kuyanconywa, futhi i-formic acid ingcono kakhulu. I-asidi ne-aldehyde kungangezwa futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuvunyelwe isixazululo ukuthi sibhekane nokusabela kokuxhumanisa ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-pH obufunwayo. Lokhu kusabela kuvame ukusetshenziswa enkambisweni yokugcina yokwelapha enkambisweni yokulungiselela ama-cellulose ethers. Ngemva kokuba i-cellulose ether inganyibiliki, kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Amanzi angu-20~25℃ okugeza nokuhlanza. Uma umkhiqizo usetshenziswa, izinto ze-alkaline zingafakwa esixazululweni somkhiqizo ukuze kulungiswe i-pH yesisombululo ukuze ibe yi-alkaline, futhi umkhiqizo uzoncibilika esixazululweni ngokushesha. Le ndlela iyasebenza nasekuphatheni ifilimu ngemva kokuba isisombululo se-cellulose ether senziwe ifilimu ukuze kube ifilimu engancibiliki.
(7) Ukumelana ne-enzyme ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokwethiyori kuyizinto ezisuselwa ku-cellulose, njengeqembu ngalinye le-anhydroglucose, uma kukhona iqembu elibambe iqhaza eliqinile, akulula ukungenwa yizinto ezincane, kodwa empeleni umkhiqizo oqediwe Lapho inani lokufaka esikhundleni lidlula u-1, lizophinde lonakaliswe yizinto ezincane, okusho ukuthi izinga lokufaka esikhundleni leqembu ngalinye ku-cellulose chain alilingani ngokwanele, futhi izinto ezincane zingabola eqenjini le-anhydroglucose elingashintshwanga ukuze zakhe ushukela, njengezakhamzimba ukuze izinto ezincane zimunce. Ngakho-ke, uma izinga lokufaka esikhundleni se-cellulose likhuphuka, ukumelana nokuguguleka kwe-enzymatic kwe-cellulose ether nakho kuzokhula. Ngokusho kwemibiko, ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo, imiphumela ye-hydrolysis yama-enzyme enziwe, i-viscosity esele ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) ingu-13.2%, i-methylcellulose (DS=1.83) ingu-7.3%, i-methylcellulose (DS=1.66) ingu-3.8%, kanti i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ingu-1.7%. Kungabonakala ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inekhono elinamandla lokulwa nama-enzyme. Ngakho-ke, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwama-enzyme kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, kuhlanganiswe nezakhiwo zayo ezinhle zokuhlakazeka, ukuqina kanye nokwakha ifilimu, kusetshenziswa ekumbozweni kwamanzi-emulsion, njll., futhi ngokuvamile akudingeki kufakwe izilondolozi. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside isixazululo noma ukungcola okungenzeka okuvela ngaphandle, izilondolozi zingangezwa njengesivikelo, futhi ukukhetha kunganqunywa ngokuya ngezidingo zokugcina zesisombululo. I-Phenylmercuric acetate kanye ne-manganese fluorosilicate ziyizilondolozi ezisebenzayo, kodwa zonke zinobuthi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukusebenza. Ngokuvamile, i-1 ~ 5mg ye-phenylmercury acetate ingafakwa esixazululweni ngelitha ngalinye lomthamo.
(8) Ukusebenza kwei-hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseIfilimu i-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha ifilimu. Isixazululo sayo samanzi noma isixazululo se-organic solvent simbozwe epuletini lengilazi, futhi asibi nombala futhi sibonakale ngemva kokomiswa. Futhi ifilimu eqinile. Inokumelana okuhle komswakama futhi ihlala iqinile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Uma i-hygroscopic plasticizer ingezwa, ukunwebeka kwayo nokuguquguquka kwayo kungathuthukiswa. Ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka, ama-plasticizer afana ne-glycerin ne-sorbitol yiwona afaneleka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo kungu-2% ~ 3%, kanti inani le-plasticizer lingu-10% ~ 20% we-cellulose ether. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-plasticizer kuphezulu kakhulu, ukuncishiswa kokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwe-colloidal kuzokwenzeka lapho kunomswakama ophezulu. Amandla okuqina efilimu ene-plasticizer engeziwe makhulu kakhulu kunalawo angenayo i-plasticizer, futhi ayanda lapho inani elengeziwe likhuphuka. Ngokuphathelene ne-hygroscopicity yefilimu, nayo iyanda lapho inani le-plasticizer likhuphuka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-25-2024