Hydroxypropyl methylcellulosebụ ụdị ether ngwakọta cellulose na-abụghị ionic. N'adịghị ka ether ngwakọta cellulose ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose, ọ naghị emeghachi omume na ọla dị arọ. N'ihi oke dị iche iche nke ọdịnaya methoxyl na ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na viscosities dị iche iche, enwere ọtụtụ ụdị nwere ihe onwunwe dị iche iche, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọdịnaya methoxyl dị elu na obere ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl. Arụmọrụ ya dị nso na nke methyl cellulose, ebe arụmọrụ nke obere ọdịnaya methoxyl na nnukwu ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl dị nso na nke hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Agbanyeghị, na ụdị ọ bụla, ọ bụ ezie na naanị obere ọnụọgụ hydroxypropyl otu ma ọ bụ obere ọnụọgụ nke otu methoxyl dị, enwere nnukwu ọdịiche na mgbaze na ihe mgbaze organic ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ flocculation na ngwọta mmiri.
(1) Àgwà mgbaze nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Mmiri nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose n'ime mmiriHydroxypropyl methylcellulosebụ n'ezie ụdị methylcellulose nke propylene oxide (methoxy-propylene) gbanwere, yabụ ọ ka nwere otu ihe ndị yiri ya dị ka methyl cellulose nwere ihe ndị yiri ya nke mmiri oyi na enweghị ike ịgbaze na mmiri ọkụ. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi otu hydroxypropyl agbanwere agbanwe, okpomọkụ gelation ya na mmiri ọkụ dị elu karịa nke methyl cellulose. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, viscosity nke mmiri hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ogo nnọchi methoxy 2% DS=0.73 na hydroxypropyl ọdịnaya MS=0.46 bụ 500 mpa·s na 20°C, yana okpomọkụ gel ya Ọ nwere ike iru ihe dị ka 100°C, ebe methyl cellulose na otu okpomọkụ ahụ bụ naanị ihe dị ka 55°C. Banyere ịgbaze ya na mmiri, emekwara ka ọ ka mma nke ukwuu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike ịzụta hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nke a gbazere agbaze (ụdị granular 0.2 ~ 0.5mm na 20°C yana viscosity mmiri mmiri 4% nke 2pa•s na okpomọkụ ụlọ, ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri na-enweghị oyi.
② Mmiri nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ihe mgbaze organic, mmiri nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ihe mgbaze organic dịkwa mma karịa nke methylcellulose. Methylcellulose kwesịrị inwe ọkwa nnọchi methoxyl nke 2.1 Ngwaahịa ndị dị n'elu, mana nwere hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 na methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dị elu nke nwere oke nnọchi n'elu 1.8 na-agbaze na methanol na ethanol anhydrous, ma nwee thermos-plasticity na mmiri mgbaze. Ọ na-agbazekwa na hydrocarbons chlorine dị ka methylene chloride na chloroform, yana ihe mgbaze organic dị ka acetone, isopropanol na diacetone alcohol. Mmiri ya na ihe mgbaze organic dị mma karịa mmiri mgbaze.
(2) Ihe Ndị Na-emetụta Viscosity nke Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Mkpebi viscosity ọkọlọtọ nke hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka nke cellulose ethers ndị ọzọ. A na-atụ ya na 20°C site na mmiri mmiri 2% dị ka ọkọlọtọ. Viscosity nke otu ngwaahịa ahụ na-abawanye ka mmụba nke ntinye. Maka ngwaahịa nwere ibu molekul dị iche iche n'otu ntinye, ngwaahịa nwere ibu molekul buru ibu nwere viscosity dị elu. Mmekọrịta ya na okpomọkụ yiri nke methyl cellulose. Mgbe okpomọkụ rịrị elu, viscosity na-amalite ịda, mana mgbe ọ ruru okpomọkụ ụfọdụ, viscosity na-ebili na mberede wee mee gelation. Okpomọkụ gel nke ngwaahịa viscosity dị ala dị elu. Isi gel ya abụghị naanị metụtara viscosity nke ether, kamakwa yana njikọ na nhazi nke otu methoxyl na otu hydroxypropyl na ether na nha nke ọkwa nnọchi zuru oke. A ghaghị ịmara na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụkwa pseudoplastic, ngwọta ya kwụsiri ike na okpomọkụ ụlọ na-enweghị mmebi nke viscosity ọ bụla ma e wezụga ohere nke mmebi enzymatic.
(3) Nnu nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ebe ọ bụ na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ ether na-abụghị ionic, ọ naghị ionized na mmiri media, n'adịghị ka ethers ionic cellulose ndị ọzọ, dị ka carboxymethyl Base cellulose, na ngwọta iji meghachi omume na ion metal dị arọ na precipitate. Nnu izugbe dị ka chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, wdg. agaghị apụta mgbe etinyere ya na mmiri ngwọta ya. Agbanyeghị, mgbakwunye nke nnu nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na okpomọkụ flocculation nke mmiri ngwọta ya. Mgbe ntinye nnu na-abawanye, okpomọkụ gel na-ebelata. Mgbe ntinye nnu dị n'okpuru ebe flocculation, viscosity nke ngwọta ahụ na-abawanye. Ya mere, a na-agbakwunye ụfọdụ nnu, na ntinye, ọ nwere ike nweta mmetụta thickening n'ụzọ akụ na ụba. Ya mere, na ụfọdụ ojiji, ọ ka mma iji ngwakọta nke cellulose ether na nnu karịa ntinye elu nke mmiri ngwọta ether iji nweta mmetụta thickening.
(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid na alkali na-eguzogide Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na-adịkarịgide na asịd na alkalis, ọ naghịkwa emetụta ya na oke pH 2~12. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide ụfọdụ asịd dị nro, dịka formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, wdg. Mana asịd a na-etinye n'ime ya nwere mmetụta nke ibelata viscosity. Alkalis dịka caustic soda, caustic potash na mmiri lime enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla na ya, mana ha nwere ike ịbawanye viscosity nke ngwọta ahụ ntakịrị, wee jiri nwayọ belata ya.
(5) Enwere ike ịgwakọta ngwakọta nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ngwakọta polymer mmiri na-agbaze iji bụrụ ngwọta otu na nke doro anya nke nwere viscosity dị elu. Ngwakọta polymer ndị a gụnyere polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinyl siloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, na methyl cellulose. Ngwakọta molekul dị elu dịka gum arabic, locust bean gum, karaya gum, wdg. nwekwara ezigbo ndakọrịta na ngwọta ya. Enwere ike ịgwakọta Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na mannitol ester ma ọ bụ sorbitol ester nke stearic acid ma ọ bụ palmitic acid, enwere ike ịgwakọta ya na glycerin, sorbitol na mannitol, enwere ike iji ngwakọta ndị a dị ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer maka cellulose.
(6) Mmiri anaghị agbaze agbaze nke na-agbaze agbazecellulose ethersnke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ike ime njikọ elu na aldehydes, nke mere na ether ndị a na-agbaze mmiri na-abanye n'ime mmiri ma ghara ịgbaze na mmiri. Aldehydes ndị na-eme ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ghara ịgbaze gụnyere formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, wdg. Mgbe ị na-eji formaldehyde, a ga-elebara uru pH nke mmiri ahụ anya nke ọma, nke glyoxal na-eme ngwa ngwa, yabụ a na-ejikarị glyoxal eme ihe dị ka ihe na-ejikọ ihe na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Usoro nke ụdị ihe na-ejikọ ihe na mmiri a bụ 0.2% ~ 10% nke oke ether, ọkachasị 7% ~ 10%, dịka ọmụmaatụ, 3.3% ~ 6% nke glyoxal kacha mma. N'ozuzu, okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ bụ 0 ~ 30℃, oge ahụ bụkwa 1 ~ 120 nkeji. A ga-eme mmeghachi omume njikọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic. N'ozuzu, a na-agbanwe pH nke ihe ngwọta ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe dịka 2-6 site na itinye acid siri ike ma ọ bụ organic carboxylic acid na ngwọta ahụ, ọkachasị n'etiti 4-6, wee tinye aldehydes iji mee mmeghachi omume njikọta. Acid ejiri mee ihe nwere hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, hydroxy-acetic acid, succinic acid ma ọ bụ citric acid wdg, ebe ọ dị mma ka ejiri formic acid ma ọ bụ acetic acid mee ihe, formic acid dịkwa mma. Enwere ike itinye acid na aldehyde n'otu oge iji mee ka ngwọta ahụ nwee mmeghachi omume njikọta njikọta n'ime oke pH achọrọ. A na-ejikarị mmeghachi omume a eme ihe na usoro ọgwụgwọ ikpeazụ na usoro nkwadebe nke cellulose ethers. Mgbe cellulose ether anaghị agbaze, ọ dị mfe iji.
Mmiri 20 ~ 25℃ maka ịsacha na ịsacha. Mgbe a na-eji ngwaahịa a, enwere ike itinye ihe alkaline na mmiri nke ngwaahịa ahụ iji gbanwee pH nke mmiri ahụ ka ọ bụrụ alkaline, ngwaahịa ahụ ga-agbazekwa na mmiri ahụ ngwa ngwa. Usoro a dịkwa irè maka ọgwụgwọ nke ihe nkiri ahụ mgbe emechara ihe ngwọta cellulose ether ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na-anaghị agbaze.
(7) Nguzogide enzyme nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ ihe ndị sitere na cellulose n'echiche, dịka otu anhydroglucose ọ bụla, ọ bụrụ na enwere otu nnọchi anya jikọtara nke ọma, ọ dịghị mfe ibute ọrịa site na nje bacteria, mana n'eziokwu, ngwaahịa emechara. Mgbe uru nnọchi gafere 1, enzymes ga-emebikwa ya, nke pụtara na ogo nnọchi nke otu ọ bụla na yinye cellulose adịghị otu, nje bacteria nwekwara ike imebi na otu anhydroglucose a na-edoghị anya iji mepụta shuga, dị ka ihe oriri maka nje bacteria iji na-amịkọrọ. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na ogo nnọchi etherification nke cellulose abawanye, nguzogide enzymatic nke cellulose ether ga-abawanyekwa. Dịka akụkọ si kwuo, n'okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa, nsonaazụ hydrolysis nke enzymes emere, viscosity fọdụrụ nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) bụ 13.2%, methylcellulose (DS=1.83) bụ 7.3%, methylcellulose (DS=1.66) bụ 3.8%, hydroxyethyl cellulose bụkwa 1.7%. A pụrụ ịhụ na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ikike mgbochi enzyme siri ike. Ya mere, a na-eji ezigbo enzyme resistance nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yana ezigbo mgbasa ya, ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị arọ na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri, eme ihe na mkpuchi mmiri-emulsion, wdg, ọ dịghịkwa mkpa ịgbakwunye ihe nchekwa. Agbanyeghị, maka nchekwa ogologo oge nke ngwọta ahụ ma ọ bụ mmetọ nwere ike ime site na mpụga, enwere ike itinye ihe nchekwa dị ka ihe nchekwa, a pụkwara ikpebi nhọrọ ahụ dịka ihe ikpeazụ achọrọ maka ngwọta ahụ si dị. Phenylmercuric acetate na manganese fluorosilicate bụ ihe nchekwa dị irè, mana ha niile nwere Toxicity, a ga-elebara ọrụ ahụ anya. N'ozuzu, enwere ike itinye 1 ~ 5mg nke phenylmercury acetate na ngwọta kwa lita nke dose ahụ.
(8) Arụmọrụ nkehydroxypropyl methylcelluloseihe nkiri Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ezigbo ihe eji emepụta ihe nkiri. A na-ekpuchi ihe ngwọta mmiri ya ma ọ bụ ihe ngwọta organic na efere iko, ọ na-aghọkwa ihe na-enweghị agba na ìhè mgbe ọ kpọrọ nkụ. Ihe nkiri siri ike. Ọ nwere ezigbo iguzogide mmiri ma na-anọgide na-esi ike na okpomọkụ dị elu. Ọ bụrụ na etinyere ihe nrụpụta hygroscopic, a ga-eme ka ogologo ya na mgbanwe ya dịkwuo elu. Maka imeziwanye mgbanwe, ihe nrụpụta plasticizer dị ka glycerin na sorbitol kacha mma. N'ozuzu, ntinye nke ihe ngwọta bụ 2% ~ 3%, ọnụọgụ nke ihe nrụpụta plasticizer bụkwa 10% ~ 20% nke cellulose ether. Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya nke ihe nrụpụta plasticizer dị oke elu, mbelata mmiri colloidal ga-eme na oke iru mmiri. Ike nrụgide nke ihe nkiri ahụ na ihe nrụpụta plasticizer dị ukwuu karịa nke na-enweghị ihe nrụpụta plasticizer, ọ na-abawanyekwa ka ọnụọgụ agbakwunyere na-abawanye. Banyere ihe nkiri ahụ, ọ na-abawanyekwa ka ọnụọgụ nke ihe nrụpụta plasticizer na-abawanye.
Oge ozi: Eprel-25-2024