Hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseHe ʻano ʻēheu hui ʻia me ka cellulose non-ionic. ʻAʻole like me ka ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose i hui ʻia me ka ether, ʻaʻole ia e pane me nā metala kaumaha. Ma muli o nā lakio like ʻole o ka ʻike methoxyl a me ka ʻike hydroxypropyl i loko o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose a me nā viscosities like ʻole, nui nā ʻano like ʻole me nā waiwai like ʻole, no ka laʻana, kiʻekiʻe ka ʻike methoxyl a haʻahaʻa ka ʻike hydroxypropyl. Ua kokoke kāna hana i ka methyl cellulose, ʻoiai ʻo ka hana o ka ʻike methoxyl haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike hydroxypropyl ua kokoke i ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Eia nō naʻe, i kēlā me kēia ʻano, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi wale nō ka nui o ka hui hydroxypropyl a i ʻole kahi liʻiliʻi o ka hui methoxyl i loko, aia nā ʻokoʻa nui i ka solubility i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a i ʻole ka mahana flocculation i nā hopena wai.
(1) Nā waiwai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i ka waiHydroxypropyl methylcelluloseʻOiaʻiʻo, he ʻano methylcellulose i hoʻololi ʻia e ka propylene oxide (methoxy-propylene), no laila he mau waiwai like nō ia me ka methyl cellulose he mau ʻano like o ka solubility wai anuanu a me ka insolubility wai wela. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka hui hydroxypropyl i hoʻololi ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona mahana gelation i ka wai wela ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka viscosity o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose aqueous solution me 2% methoxy content substitution degree DS=0.73 a me ka hydroxypropyl content MS=0.46 he 500 mpa·s ma 20°C, a ʻo kona mahana gel hiki ke hōʻea i kahi kokoke i 100°C, ʻoiai ʻo ka methyl cellulose ma ka mahana like he 55°C wale nō. No kona solubility i ka wai, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (ʻano granular 0.2 ~ 0.5mm ma 20°C me ka viscosity wai 4% o 2pa•s i ka mahana o ka lumi, he maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana.
② ʻO ka solubility o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka solubility o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik ma mua o ka methylcellulose. Pono ka Methylcellulose i kahi kekelē pani methoxyl o 2.1. ʻO nā huahana i luna, akā aia ka hydroxypropyl MS = 1.5 ~ 1.8 a me ka methoxy DS = 0.2 ~ 1.0, ʻo ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kiʻekiʻe-viscosity me kahi kekelē pani piha ma luna o 1.8 i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā hopena methanol anhydrous a me ethanol, a he thermos-plasticity a me ka solubility wai. He mea hoʻoheheʻe pū ia i loko o nā hydrocarbons chlorinated e like me ka methylene chloride a me ka chloroform, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me ka acetone, isopropanol a me ka diacetone alcohol. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona solubility i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik ma mua o ka solubility wai.
(2) Nā Kumu e Hoʻohuli ai i ka Viscosity o Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose ʻO ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka viscosity maʻamau o ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ua like ia me nā ethers cellulose ʻē aʻe. Ua ana ʻia ma 20°C me ka 2% aqueous solution ma ke ʻano he maʻamau. Hoʻonui ka viscosity o ka huahana like me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka noʻonoʻo. No nā huahana me nā kaumaha molekala like ʻole ma ka noʻonoʻo like, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity o ka huahana me ke kaumaha molekala nui aʻe. Ua like kona pilina me ka mahana me ko ka methyl cellulose. Ke piʻi ka mahana, hoʻomaka ka hāʻule ʻana o ka viscosity, akā i ka wā e hiki ai i kahi mahana, piʻi koke ka viscosity a hana ʻia ka gelation. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana gel o nā huahana viscosity haʻahaʻa. kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole pili wale kona kiko gel i ka viscosity o ka ether, akā pili pū kekahi i ka ratio o ka hui methoxyl a me ka hui hydroxypropyl i ka ether a me ka nui o ke kekelē pani holoʻokoʻa. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he pseudoplastic nō hoʻi ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, a paʻa kona hopena i ka mahana o ka lumi me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka viscosity koe wale nō ka hiki ke hōʻino ʻia e ka enzymatic.
(3) Ka hoʻomanawanui paʻakai o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ʻOiai he ʻether non-ionic ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ʻaʻole ia i ionized i loko o ka wai, ʻaʻole like me nā ionic cellulose ethers ʻē aʻe, e like me ka carboxymethyl Base cellulose, i loko o ka hopena e hana me nā ions metala kaumaha a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻAʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā paʻakai maʻamau e like me ka chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hoʻohui ʻia ai i kāna hopena wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka paʻakai he mana iki ia i ka mahana flocculation o kāna hopena wai. Ke piʻi ka nui o ka paʻakai, e emi ana ka mahana gel. Ke emi ka nui o ka paʻakai ma lalo o ka flocculation point, e piʻi ka viscosity o ka hopena. No laila, ua hoʻohui ʻia kekahi nui o ka paʻakai, i ka hoʻohana ʻana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i ka hopena thickening me ka ʻoi aku ka waiwai. No laila, i kekahi mau noi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hui ʻana o ka cellulose ether a me ka paʻakai ma mua o ka nui o ka hopena ether e hoʻokō ai i ka hopena thickening.
(4) Ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka waikawa Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose a me ka alkali. Ma ke ʻano laulā, kūpaʻa ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i nā waikawa a me nā alkalis, a ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka pae pH 2 ~ 12. Hiki iā ia ke kū i kahi nui o ka waikawa māmā, e like me ka waikawa formic, ka waikawa acetic, ka waikawa citric, ka waikawa succinic, ka waikawa phosphoric, ka waikawa boric, a pēlā aku. Akā, ʻo ka waikawa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he hopena ia o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka viscosity. ʻO nā alkalis e like me ka caustic soda, ka caustic potash a me ka wai lime ʻaʻohe hopena ma luna, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui iki i ka viscosity o ka hopena, a laila e hoʻemi mālie.
(5) Ke kūlike ʻole o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia ka hopena Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me nā hui polymer wai-soluble e lilo i hopena like a moakaka me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia mau hui polymer e komo pū me ka polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinyl siloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, a me ka methyl cellulose. ʻO nā hui molekala kiʻekiʻe kūlohelohe e like me ka gum arabic, locust bean gum, karaya gum, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he kūpono maikaʻi hoʻi me kāna hopena. Hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me ka mannitol ester a i ʻole sorbitol ester o ka stearic acid a i ʻole palmitic acid, a hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia me ka glycerin, sorbitol a me ka mannitol, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau hui e like me ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer no ka cellulose.
(6) ʻO ka wai hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻianā ethers celluloseHiki i ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ke hana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻili me nā aldehydes, i mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai kēia mau ethers wai-soluble i loko o ka hopena a lilo i mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻole i ka wai. ʻO nā aldehydes e hoʻolilo i ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose insoluble e komo pū me ka formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, etc. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka formaldehyde, pono e uku ʻia ka nānā kūikawā i ka waiwai pH o ka hopena, kahi e pane wikiwiki ai ka glyoxal, no laila hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka glyoxal ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili i ka hana ʻoihana. ʻO ka nui o kēia ʻano mea hoʻopili i loko o ka hopena he 0.2% ~ 10% o ka nui o ka ether, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o 7% ~ 10%, no ka laʻana, ʻo 3.3% ~ 6% o ka glyoxal ka mea kūpono loa. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ka mahana lapaʻau he 0 ~ 30 ℃, a ʻo ka manawa he 1 ~ 120min. Pono e hana ʻia ka hopena crosslinking ma lalo o nā kūlana acidic. Ma keʻano laulā, hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pH o ka hopena i kahi 2 ~ 6 ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waikawa ikaika inorganic a i ʻole ka waikawa carboxylic organik i ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma waena o 4 ~ 6, a laila hoʻohui ʻia nā aldehydes e hoʻokō i ka hopena crosslinking. Loaʻa i ka waikawa i hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa hydrochloric, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, hydroxy-acetic acid, succinic acid a i ʻole citric acid etc., kahi e kūpono ai me ka formic acid a i ʻole acetic acid, a ʻo ka formic acid ka mea kūpono. Hiki ke hoʻohui pū ʻia ka waikawa a me ka aldehyde i ka manawa like e ʻae i ka hopena e hana i kahi hopena cross-linking i loko o ka pae pH i makemake ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia hopena i ke kaʻina hana hope loa i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau o nā cellulose ethers. Ma hope o ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka cellulose ether, he kūpono ia e hoʻohana.
20~25℃ wai no ka holoi ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka huahana, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mea alkaline i ka hopena o ka huahana e hoʻoponopono i ka pH o ka hopena i alkaline, a e hoʻoheheʻe koke ka huahana i loko o ka hopena. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia ʻano hana no ka mālama ʻana i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka hopena cellulose ether i kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hana ai i kiʻiʻoniʻoni hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.
(7) ʻO ke kū'ē ʻana o ka enzyme o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he mau derivatives cellulose theoretically, e like me kēlā me kēia hui anhydroglucose, inā he hui substituent i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka maʻi ʻia e nā microorganisms, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia Ke ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ka pani ʻana ma mua o 1, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia hoʻi e nā enzymes, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lawa ka like o ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana o kēlā me kēia hui ma ke kaulahao cellulose, a hiki i nā microorganisms ke hoʻopau i ka hui anhydroglucose i hoʻololi ʻole ʻia e hana i nā kō, e like me nā meaʻai no nā microorganisms e omo. No laila, inā piʻi ke kekelē o ka etherification substitution o ka cellulose, e piʻi pū ke kū'ē ʻana i ka enzymatic erosion o ka cellulose ether. Wahi a nā hōʻike, ma lalo o nā kūlana i kāohi ʻia, ʻo nā hopena hydrolysis o nā enzymes i hana ʻia, ʻo ke koena o ka viscosity o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) he 13.2%, methylcellulose (DS=1.83) he 7.3%, methylcellulose (DS=1.66) he 3.8%, a ʻo hydroxyethyl cellulose he 1.7%. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he ikaika ka hiki ke pale i ka enzyme o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. No laila, ʻo ke kūpaʻa enzyme maikaʻi loa o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, me kona ʻano hoʻolaha maikaʻi, ka mānoanoa a me nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā uhi emulsion wai, a pēlā aku, a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohui i nā mea mālama. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mālama lōʻihi ʻana o ka hopena a i ʻole ka haumia mai waho, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mea mālama ma ke ʻano he akahele, a hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke koho e like me nā koi hope o ka hopena. He mau mea mālama maikaʻi ka Phenylmercuric acetate a me ka manganese fluorosilicate, akā he ʻawaʻawa ko lākou a pau, pono e nānā pono i ka hana. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia he 1 ~ 5mg o ka phenylmercury acetate i ka hopena no kēlā me kēia lita o ka dosage.
(8) Hana ohydroxypropyl methylcelluloseLoaʻa i ka ʻili Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nā waiwai hana ʻili maikaʻi loa. Ua uhi ʻia kona hopena wai a i ʻole ka hopena solvent organik ma luna o kahi pā aniani, a lilo ia i mea ʻole ke kala a moakaka ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana. A me ka ʻili paʻakikī. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka makū a noho paʻa i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. Inā hoʻohui ʻia ka plasticizer hygroscopic, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kona elongation a me ka maʻalahi. No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maʻalahi, ʻo nā plasticizers e like me ka glycerin a me ka sorbitol nā mea kūpono loa. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ka nui o ka hopena he 2% ~ 3%, a ʻo ka nui o ka plasticizer he 10% ~ 20% o ka cellulose ether. Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka plasticizer, e ʻike ʻia ka emi ʻana o ka dehydration colloidal i ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ikaika tensile o ka ʻili me ka plasticizer i hoʻohui ʻia ma mua o ka mea me ka ʻole o ka plasticizer, a hoʻonui ia me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia. No ka hygroscopicity o ka ʻili, hoʻonui pū ia me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o ka plasticizer.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-25-2024