Hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseHe momo etera whakauru cellulose kore-ionic. Kāore i rite ki te etera whakauru methyl carboxymethyl cellulose ionic, kāore e tauhohe ki ngā konganuku taumaha. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā ōwehenga o te ihirangi methoxyl me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl i roto i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me ngā matotoru rerekē, he maha ngā momo me ngā āhuatanga rerekē, hei tauira, he nui te ihirangi methoxyl me te iti o te ihirangi hydroxypropyl. He tata te mahi ki te methyl cellulose, ko te mahi o te ihirangi methoxyl iti me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl teitei he tata ki te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Heoi, i roto i ia momo, ahakoa he iti noa te nui o te rōpū hydroxypropyl, he iti rānei te nui o te rōpū methoxyl kei roto, he nui ngā rerekētanga o te wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa waro, i te pāmahana flocculation rānei i roto i ngā otinga wai.
(1) Ngā āhuatanga wairewa o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Te wairewatanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i te waiHydroxypropyl methylcelluloseHe momo methylcellulose tēnei i whakarerekētia e te propylene oxide (methoxy-propylene), nō reira he rite tonu ōna āhuatanga ki te methyl cellulose, he rite tonu ōna āhuatanga o te wairewatanga i roto i te wai matao me te wairewatanga kore i roto i te wai wera. Heoi, nā te rōpū hydroxypropyl kua whakarerekētia, he nui ake te pāmahana o tōna wairewatanga i roto i te wai wera i tō te methyl cellulose. Hei tauira, ko te matotoru o te wairewatanga wai hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me te 2% te taumata whakakapinga ihirangi methoxy DS=0.73 me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl MS=0.46 he 500 mpa·s i te 20°C, ā, ko te pāmahana o tōna wairewatanga ka tata ki te 100°C, ko te methyl cellulose ia i te pāmahana kotahi he tata ki te 55°C noa iho. Mō tōna wairewatanga i roto i te wai, kua tino pai ake hoki. Hei tauira, ka taea te hoko i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kua paura (he āhua kirikiri 0.2~0.5mm i te 20°C me te matotoru o te wai 4% o te 2pa•s i te pāmahana rūma, he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai me te kore e whakamatao.
② Te wairewatanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i ngā whakarewa waro He pai ake te wairewatanga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i ngā whakarewa waro i tērā o te methylcellulose. Me whai tohu whakakapinga methoxyl te Methylcellulose o te 2.1. Ko ngā hua o runga ake nei, engari kei roto ko te hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 me te methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, ko te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matotoru teitei me te tohu whakakapinga katoa i runga ake i te 1.8 ka rewa i roto i ngā otinga methanol me te etanoru kore wai, ā, he kirihou-thermoso me te wairewatanga wai. Ka wairewahia hoki i roto i ngā hauwaiwai chlorinated pērā i te methylene chloride me te chloroform, me ngā whakarewa waro pērā i te acetone, te isopropanol me te waipiro diacetone. He pai ake tōna wairewatanga i roto i ngā whakarewa waro i te wairewatanga wai.
(2) Ngā Take e Pā Ana ki te Matotoru o te Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose He rite tonu te whakatau i te matotoru paerewa o te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ki ērā o ētahi atu cellulose ethers. Ka inehia i te 20°C me te 2% wairewa hei paerewa. Ka piki ake te matotoru o taua hua i te pikinga o te kukū. Mō ngā hua he rerekē ngā taumaha ngota i te kukū kotahi, he nui ake te matotoru o te hua he nui ake te taumaha ngota. He rite tonu tōna whanaungatanga ki te pāmahana ki te methyl cellulose. Ina piki te pāmahana, ka tīmata te heke o te matotoru, engari ina tae ki tētahi pāmahana, ka piki ohorere te matotoru ka puta te wairewa. He teitei ake te pāmahana wairewa o ngā hua iti-matotoru. He teitei. Kāore tōna ira wairewa e pā ana ki te matotoru o te ether anake, engari e pā ana hoki ki te ōwehenga hanganga o te rōpū methoxyl me te rōpū hydroxypropyl i roto i te ether me te rahi o te tohu whakakapinga katoa. Me mōhio he pseudoplastic hoki te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ā, he pumau tōna otinga i te pāmahana rūma me te kore he hekenga o te matotoru engari ko te āheinga o te hekenga whākōkī.
(3) Te manawanui ki te tote o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Nā te mea he ether kore-ionic te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, kāore e ionized i roto i te wai, he rerekē ki ētahi atu ether cellulose ionic, pērā i te carboxymethyl Base cellulose, i roto i te otinga hei tauhohe ki ngā ion konganuku taumaha ka whakapūpū. Ko ngā tote whānui pērā i te chloride, te bromide, te phosphate, te nitrate, me ētahi atu, kāore e whakapūpū ina tāpirihia ki tana otinga wai. Heoi, he pānga te tāpiri tote ki te pāmahana flocculation o tana otinga wai. Ina piki te kukū tote, ka heke te pāmahana gel. Ina kei raro iho te kukū tote i te pūwāhi flocculation, ka piki ake te matotoru o te otinga. Nō reira, ka tāpirihia he nui o te tote, ā, i te whakamahinga, ka taea te whakatutuki i te pānga matotoru ake. Nō reira, i ētahi whakamahinga, he pai ake te whakamahi i te ranunga o te cellulose ether me te tote i te kukū teitei ake o te otinga ether hei whakatutuki i te pānga matotoru.
(4) Te ātete ki te waikawa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me te kawakore. He pumau te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā waikawa me ngā kawakore, ā, kāore e pāngia i roto i te awhe pH 2~12. Ka taea e ia te tu atu ki tētahi nui o te waikawa māmā, pērā i te waikawa formic, te waikawa acetic, te waikawa citric, te waikawa succinic, te waikawa phosphoric, te waikawa boric, me ētahi atu. Engari he pānga te waikawa kukū ki te whakaiti i te matotoru. Kāore he pānga o ngā kawakore pērā i te houra kaustic, te potash kaustic me te wai raima ki a ia, engari ka taea e rātou te whakanui ake i te matotoru o te otinga, kātahi ka whakaiti mārire.
(5) Te āheinga ki te whakaranu i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ka taea te whakaranu i te otinga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā pūhui polymer wairewa-wai hei hanga i tētahi otinga ōrite, mārama hoki, he nui ake te matotoru. Kei roto i ēnei pūhui polymer ko te polyethylene glycol, te polyvinyl acetate, te polysilicone, te polymethylvinyl siloxane, te hydroxyethyl cellulose, me te methyl cellulose. He pai hoki te hototahi o ngā pūhui ngota ngota teitei taiao pērā i te gum arabic, te locust bean gum, te karaya gum, me ētahi atu ki tana otinga. Ka taea hoki te whakaranu i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te mannitol ester, te sorbitol ester rānei o te waikawa stearic, te waikawa palmitic rānei, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaranu ki te glycerin, te sorbitol me te mannitol, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i ēnei pūhui hei hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer mō te cellulose.
(6) Ko te wai-rewa korekorengā etera celluloseKa taea e te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose te whakawhiti-hononga mata ki ngā aldehydes, kia puta ai ēnei ethers wairewa-wai ki roto i te otinga, ā, kia kore ai e wairewa ki te wai. Ko ngā aldehydes e kore ai e wairewa te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ko te formaldehyde, te glyoxal, te succinic aldehyde, te adipaldehyde, me ētahi atu. Ina whakamahia te formaldehyde, me aro nui ki te uara pH o te otinga, i roto i ēnei ka tere ake te tauhohenga o te glyoxal, nō reira ka whakamahia whānuitia te glyoxal hei kaihoko whakawhiti-hononga i roto i te hanga ahumahi. Ko te horopeta o tēnei momo kaihoko whakawhiti-hononga i roto i te otinga ko te 0.2%~10% o te papatipu o te ether, ko te 7%~10% te mea pai, hei tauira, ko te 3.3%~6% o te glyoxal te mea tino pai. Ko te pāmahana maimoatanga ko te 0~30℃, ā, ko te wā ko te 1~120min. Me whakahaere te tauhohenga whakawhiti-hononga i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikawa. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakatikatikaina te pH o te otinga ki te 2~6 mā te tāpiri i te waikawa kaha kore-waro, te waikawa carboxylic waro rānei ki te otinga, pai ake i waenga i te 4~6, kātahi ka tāpirihia ngā aldehydes hei whakahaere i te tauhohenga honohono. Kei roto i te waikawa e whakamahia ana te waikawa hauwaiora, te waikawa whanariki, te waikawa phosphoric, te waikawa formic, te waikawa acetic, te waikawa hydroxy-acetic, te waikawa succinic, te waikawa citric rānei, ā, he pai ake te whakamahi me te waikawa formic, te waikawa acetic rānei, ā, ko te waikawa formic te mea tino pai. Ka taea hoki te tāpiri i te waikawa me te aldehyde i te wā kotahi kia taea ai e te otinga te mahi i te tauhohenga honohono i roto i te awhe pH e hiahiatia ana. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia tēnei tauhohenga i roto i te tukanga maimoatanga whakamutunga i roto i te tukanga whakarite o ngā cellulose ethers. I muri i te kore e rewa te cellulose ether, he watea te whakamahi.
20~25℃ wai mō te horoi me te purenga. Ina whakamahia te hua, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā matū kawakore ki te otinga o te hua hei whakatika i te pH o te otinga kia kawakore, ā, ka tere te memeha o te hua i roto i te otinga. Ka taea hoki tēnei tikanga te whakamahi mō te maimoatanga o te kiriata i muri i te hanga o te otinga cellulose ether hei kiriata kore e memeha.
(7) Ko te ātete whākōkī o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he rite ki ngā hua o te cellulose, pērā i ia rōpū anhydroglucose, ki te mea he rōpū whakakapinga piripono, ehara i te mea ngāwari te pangia e ngā moroiti, engari ko te hua kua oti. Ina neke atu te uara whakakapinga i te 1, ka pakaruhia hoki e ngā whākōkī, ko te tikanga kāore i te ōrite te nui o te whakakapinga o ia rōpū i runga i te mekameka cellulose, ā, ka taea e ngā moroiti te memeha i runga i te rōpū anhydroglucose kāore i whakakapia hei hanga huka, hei matūkai mā ngā moroiti hei mimiti. Nō reira, ki te piki ake te nui o te whakakapinga etherification o te cellulose, ka piki ake hoki te ātete ki te memeha whākōkī o te cellulose ether. E ai ki ngā pūrongo, i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaeretia, ko ngā hua hydrolysis o ngā whākōkī i hangaia, ko te matotoru toenga o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) he 13.2%, ko te methylcellulose (DS=1.83) he 7.3%, ko te methylcellulose (DS=1.66) he 3.8%, ā, ko te hydroxyethyl cellulose he 1.7%. Ka kitea te kaha o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te ārai i ngā whākōkī. Nō reira, ko te ātete pai o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki ngā whākōkī, me tōna kaha ki te horapa, ki te whakamātotoru me te hanga kiriata, ka whakamahia i roto i ngā paninga wai-emulsion, me ētahi atu, ā, i te nuinga o te wā kāore e hiahiatia he matū tiaki. Heoi, mō te rokiroki roa o te otinga, mō te poke pea mai i waho, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā matū tiaki hei tūpato, ā, ka taea te whakatau i te kōwhiringa i runga i ngā whakaritenga whakamutunga o te otinga. He matū tiaki whai hua te phenylmercury acetate me te manganese fluorosilicate, engari he paitini katoa, me aro ki te mahi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te tāpiri i te 1~5mg o te phenylmercury acetate ki te otinga mō ia rita o te horopeta.
(8) Te mahi ahydroxypropyl methylcelluloseHe tino pai ngā āhuatanga hanga kiriata o te kiriata Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Ka pania tōna wairewa wai, tōna wairewa whakarewa waro rānei ki runga i te pereti karāhe, ā, ka kore he tae, ka mārama i muri i te whakamaroke. He kiriata pakari hoki. He pai te ātete ki te makuku, ā, ka noho totoka tonu i ngā pāmahana teitei. Mena ka tāpirihia he plasticizer hygroscopic, ka taea te whakanui ake i tōna roa me te ngāwari. Mō te whakapai ake i te ngāwari, ko ngā plasticizers pēnei i te glycerin me te sorbitol te mea tino pai. Ko te tikanga, ko te kukū o te otinga he 2%~3%, ā, ko te nui o te plasticizer he 10%~20% o te cellulose ether. Mena he nui rawa te ihirangi o te plasticizer, ka puta te whakahekenga o te maroke colloidal i te makuku teitei. Ko te kaha kume o te kiriata me te plasticizer tāpiri he nui ake i tērā kāore he plasticizer, ā, ka piki ake i te pikinga o te nui i tāpirihia. Mō te hygroscopicity o te kiriata, ka piki ake hoki i te pikinga o te nui o te plasticizer.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-25-2024